Chapter 9, Problem 9.123QP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The symbol of an atomic ion for given following electronic configuration has to be given.

Concept introduction:

Electronic configuration:   The every atom has electron, proton and neutron

The electrons arranged in lower energy level to higher level

Explanation of Solution

The electronic configuration of $\text{Cl}$ atom is ${\text{Cl}}_{\text{17}}\text{:}\left[\text{Ne}\right]{\text{3s}}^{\text{2}}{\text{3p}}^{\text{5}}$

But the Chlorine atom gain one electron and it attain noble gas configuration so the electronic configuration of ${\text{Cl}}^{\text{-}}$ ion is ${\text{Cl}}^{\text{-}}\text{:}\left[\text{Ne}\right]{\text{3s}}^{\text{2}}{\text{3p}}^6$

The given electronic configuration is matched with the symbol of an atomic ion ${\text{Cl}}^{\text{-}}$

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The symbol of an atomic ion for given following electronic configuration has to be given.

Concept introduction:

Electronic configuration:   The every atom has electron, proton and neutron

The electrons arranged in lower energy level to higher level

Explanation of Solution

The electronic configuration of $\text{Ca}$ atom is ${\text{Ca}}_{\text{20}}\text{:}\left[\text{Ar}\right]{\text{4s}}^{\text{2}}$

But the Calcium atom loss one electron to form ${\text{Ca}}^{\text{+}}$

Electronic configuration of ${\text{Ca}}^{\text{+}}$ ion is ${\text{Ca}}^{\text{+}}\text{:}\left[\text{Ar}\right]{\text{4s}}^{\text{1}}$

So the given electronic configuration is matched with the symbol of an atomic ion ${\text{Ca}}^{\text{+}}$

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The symbol of an atomic ion for given following electronic configuration has to be given.

Concept introduction:

Electronic configuration:   The every atom has electron, proton and neutron

The electrons arranged in lower energy level to higher level

Explanation of Solution

The electronic configuration of $\text{Ni}$ atom is ${\text{Ni}}_{\text{28}}\text{:}\left[\text{Ar}\right]{\text{3d}}^{\text{8}}{\text{4s}}^{\text{2}}$

But the Chlorine atom gain one electron and it attain noble gas configuration so the electronic configuration of ${\text{Ni}}^{\text{2+}}$ ion is ${\text{Ni}}^{\text{2+}}\text{:}\left[\text{Ar}\right]{\text{3d}}^{\text{8}}{\text{4s}}^0$

The given electronic configuration is matched with the symbol of an atomic ion ${\text{Ni}}^{\text{2+}}$

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The symbol of an atomic ion for given following electronic configuration has to be given.

Concept introduction:

Electronic configuration:   The every atom has electron, proton and neutron

The electrons arranged in lower energy level to higher level

Explanation of Solution

The electronic configuration of $\text{Ge}$ atom is $\text{Ge:}\left[\text{Ar}\right]{\text{3d}}^{\text{10}}{\text{4s}}^{\text{2}}{\text{4p}}^{\text{2}}$

But the Chlorine atom gain one electron and it attain noble gas configuration so the electronic configuration of ${\text{Ge}}^{\text{2+}}$ ion is ${\text{Ge}}^{\text{2+}}\text{:}\left[\text{Ar}\right]{\text{3d}}^{\text{10}}{\text{4s}}^{\text{2}}$

The given electronic configuration is matched with the symbol of an atomic ion ${\text{Ge}}^{\text{2+}}$

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The symbol of an atomic ion for given following electronic configuration has to be given.

Concept introduction:

Electronic configuration:   The every atom has electron, proton and neutron

The electrons arranged in lower energy level to higher level

Explanation of Solution

The electronic configuration of $\text{Br}$ atom is ${\text{Br}}_{\text{35}}\text{:}\left[\text{Ar}\right]{\text{4s}}^{\text{2}}{\text{3d}}^{\text{10}}{\text{3p}}^{\text{5}}$

But the Chlorine atom gain one electron and it attain noble gas configuration so the electronic configuration of ${\text{Br}}^{\text{-}}$ ion is ${\text{Br}}^{\text{-}}\text{:}\left[\text{Ar}\right]{\text{4s}}^{\text{2}}{\text{3d}}^{\text{10}}{\text{3p}}^6$

The given electronic configuration is matched with the symbol of an atomic ion ${\text{Br}}^{\text{-}}$