Student Solutions Manual for Zumdahl/Zumdahl/DeCoste?s Chemistry, 10th Edition
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781305957510
Author: ZUMDAHL, Steven S.; Zumdahl, Susan A.; DeCoste, Donald J.
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 9, Problem 72AE
Aspartame is an artificial sweetener marketed under the name Nutra-Sweet. A partial Lewis structure for aspartame is shown below.
Aspartame can be classified as an organic compound (a compound based on carbon atoms). The majority of Lewis structures for simple organic compounds have all atoms with a formal charge of zero. Therefore, add lone pairs and multiple bonds to the structure above to give each atom a formal charge of zero when drawing the Lewis structure. Also note that the six-sided ring is shorthand notation for a benzene ring (—C6H5). Benzene is discussed in Section 4-7. Complete the Lewis structure for aspartame. How many C and N atoms exhibit sp1 hybridization? How many C and O atoms exhibit sp3 hybridization? How many σ and π bonds are in aspartame?
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Curved arrows are used to illustrate the flow of electrons. Using
the provided starting and product structures, draw the curved
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mechanistic step(s).
Be sure to account for all bond-breaking and bond-making
steps.
Problem 232 of 10
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Please answer the question and provide a detailed drawing of the structure. If there will not be a new C – C bond, then the box under the drawing area will be checked.
Will the following reaction make a molecule with a new C – C bond as its major product:
Draw the major organic product or products, if the reaction will work. Be sure you use wedge and dash bonds if necessary, for example to distinguish between major products with different stereochemistry.
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Chapter 9 Solutions
Student Solutions Manual for Zumdahl/Zumdahl/DeCoste?s Chemistry, 10th Edition
Ch. 9 - Why do we hybtidize atomic orbitals to explain the...Ch. 9 - What hybridization is required for central atoms...Ch. 9 - Describe the bonding in H2S, CH4, H2CO and HCN...Ch. 9 - What hybridization is required for central atoms...Ch. 9 - Electrons in bonding molecular orbitals are most...Ch. 9 - What are molecular orbitals? How do they compare...Ch. 9 - Explain the difference between the and MOs for...Ch. 9 - Compare Figs. 4-47 and 4-49. Why are they...Ch. 9 - Which of the following would you expect to be more...Ch. 9 - Draw the Lewis structure for HCN. Indicate the...
Ch. 9 - Which is the more correct statement: The methane...Ch. 9 - Compare and contrast the MO model with the local...Ch. 9 - What are the relationships among bond order, bond...Ch. 9 - The molecules N2 and CO are isoelectronic but...Ch. 9 - Do lone pairs about a central atom affect the...Ch. 9 - In the hybrid orbital model, compare and contrast ...Ch. 9 - In the molecular orbital mode l, compare and...Ch. 9 - Why are d orbitals sometimes used to form hybrid...Ch. 9 - The atoms in a single bond can rotate about the...Ch. 9 - As compared with CO and O2, CS and S2 are very...Ch. 9 - Compare and contrast bonding molecular orbitals...Ch. 9 - What modification to the molecular orbital model...Ch. 9 - Why does the molecular orbital model do a better...Ch. 9 - The three NO bonds in NO3 are all equivalent in...Ch. 9 - Use the localized electron model to describe the...Ch. 9 - Use the localized electron model to describe the...Ch. 9 - Use the localized electron model to describe the...Ch. 9 - Use the localized electron model to describe the...Ch. 9 - The space-filling models of ethane and ethanol are...Ch. 9 - The space-filling models of hydrogen cyanide and...Ch. 9 - Give the expected hybridization of the central...Ch. 9 - Give the expected hybridization of the central...Ch. 9 - Give the expected hybridization of the central...Ch. 9 - Give the expected hybridization of the central...Ch. 9 - For each of the following molecules, write the...Ch. 9 - For each of the following molecules or ions that...Ch. 9 - Prob. 35ECh. 9 - The allene molecule has the following Lewis...Ch. 9 - Indigo is the dye used in coloring blue jeans. The...Ch. 9 - Urea, a compound formed in the liver, is one of...Ch. 9 - Biacetyl and acetoin are added to margarine to...Ch. 9 - Many important compounds in the chemical industry...Ch. 9 - Two molecules used in the polymer industry are...Ch. 9 - Hot and spicy foods contain molecules that...Ch. 9 - One of the first drugs to be approved for use in...Ch. 9 - Minoxidil (C9H15N15O) is a compound produced by...Ch. 9 - Consider the following molecular orbitals formed...Ch. 9 - Sketch the molecular orbital and label its type (...Ch. 9 - Which of the following are predicted by the...Ch. 9 - Which of the following are predicted by the...Ch. 9 - Using the molecular orbital model, write electron...Ch. 9 - Consider the following electron configuration:...Ch. 9 - Using the molecular orbital model to describe the...Ch. 9 - A Lewis structure obeying the octet rule can be...Ch. 9 - Using the molecular orbital model, write electron...Ch. 9 - Using the molecular orbital model, write electron...Ch. 9 - In which of the following diatomic molecules would...Ch. 9 - In terms of the molecular orbital model, which...Ch. 9 - Show how two 2p atomic orbitals can combine to...Ch. 9 - Show how a hydrogen 1s atomic orbital and a...Ch. 9 - Use Figs. 4-54 and 4-55 to answer the following...Ch. 9 - Acetylene (C2H2) can be produced from the reaction...Ch. 9 - Describe the bonding in NO+, NO, and NO, using...Ch. 9 - Describe the bonding in the O3 molecule and the...Ch. 9 - Describe the bonding in the CO32 ion using the...Ch. 9 - Draw the Lewis structures, predict the molecular...Ch. 9 - The antibiotic thiarubin-A was discovered by...Ch. 9 - Two structures can be drawn for cyanuric acid: a....Ch. 9 - Give the expected hybridization for the molecular...Ch. 9 - Vitamin B6 is an organic compound whose deficiency...Ch. 9 - Aspartame is an artificial sweetener marketed...Ch. 9 - Prob. 73AECh. 9 - The three most stable oxides of carbon are carbon...Ch. 9 - Complete the following resonance structures for...Ch. 9 - Prob. 77AECh. 9 - The transport of O2 in the blood is carried out by...Ch. 9 - Using molecular orbital theory, explain why the...Ch. 9 - Describe the bonding in the first excited state of...Ch. 9 - Using an MO energy-level diagram, would you expect...Ch. 9 - Show how a dxz. atomic orbital and a pz, atomic...Ch. 9 - What type of molecular orbital would result from...Ch. 9 - Consider three molecules: A, B, and C. Molecule A...Ch. 9 - Draw the Lewis structures for TeCl4, ICl5, PCl5,...Ch. 9 - A variety of chlorine oxide fluorides and related...Ch. 9 - Pelargondin is the molecule responsible for the...Ch. 9 - Complete a Lewis structure for the compound shown...Ch. 9 - Which of the following statements concerning SO2...Ch. 9 - Consider the molecular orbital electron...Ch. 9 - Place the species B2+ , B2, and B2 in order of...Ch. 9 - Consider the following computer-generated model of...Ch. 9 - Cholesterol (C27liu;O) has the following...Ch. 9 - Cyanamide (H2NCN), an important industrial...Ch. 9 - A flask containing gaseous N2 is irradiated with...Ch. 9 - Values of measured bond energies may vary greatly...Ch. 9 - Use the MO model to explain the bonding in BeH2....Ch. 9 - Prob. 101CPCh. 9 - Arrange the following from lowest to highest...Ch. 9 - Use the MO model to determine which of the...Ch. 9 - Given that the ionization energy of F2 is 290...Ch. 9 - Carbon monoxide (CO) forms bonds to a variety of...Ch. 9 - Prob. 106CPCh. 9 - As the bead engineer of your starship in charge of...Ch. 9 - Determine the molecular structure and...Ch. 9 - Although nitrogen trifluoride (NF3) is a thermally...
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