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To analyze:
A woman is showing symptoms, such as nervousness, heart palpitations, and excessive sweating. The test results show hyperglycemia and hypertension. The hormones that are hypersecreted, the cause of hypersecretion, and the physical factors that allow to rule out thyroid problem.
Introduction:
Hyperglycemia is a condition, wherein, a high amount of glucose circulates in the blood. Hyperglycemia is generally asymptomatic, although, the blood glucose level above 250 mg/dl (milligrams per deciliter) has dire effects on the body, if persist for longer duration. Serious complications such as kidney damage, vision loss, and damage to legs can occur.
Hypertension is a medical condition, in which the blood pressure in the arteries is very high. Blood pressure, for a longer time, leads to chronic kidney diseases, vision loss, stroke, and heart failure.
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Chapter 9 Solutions
Essentials of Human Anatomy & Physiology (12th Edition)
- Addisons disease develops when the adrenal cortex does not secrete enough mineralocorticoids and glucocorticoids. President John F. Kennedy was diagnosed with the disease when he was a young man. Before he started treatment with hormone replacement therapy, he was hypoglycemic and lost weight. Which missing hormone was responsible for his weight loss? How might Addisons disease have affected his blood pressure?arrow_forwardA physician sees a patient whose symptoms include sluggishness, depression, and intolerance to cold. After eliminating other possible causes, the doctor diagnoses a hormone problem. What disorder fits the symptoms? Why does the doctor suspect that the underlying cause is a malfunction of the anterior pituitary gland?arrow_forwardBriefly describe how thyroid hormones is made in the thyroid gland. What are the necessary components?arrow_forward
- a) How does the body's hormonal response to short-term stress differ from the body's hormonal response to long-term stress? In your answer, provide the names of the hormones released, the glands from which they are released, and the effects on the body. b) Provide 2 reasons (as discussed in class) why long-term stress is harmful to our physical health.arrow_forwardThyroid hormones are important in regulating the body’s basal metabolic rate. Thyroid hormones are lipid-soluble and have a long half-life.What are the advantages and disadvantages of a long half-life for thyroidhormones, compared with a short half-life?arrow_forwardWhen there is an abnormality of the thyroid gland, a goiter can form. Choose the INCORRECT statement. A goiter: A) results from hyperplasia and hypertrophy of the follicles B) can occur when there is too much iodine in the diet. C) is an enlargement of the thyroid gland D) Occurs whenever there is excessive stimulation of the thyroid gland E) may or may not accompany hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidismarrow_forward
- Explain the statement ‘The thyroid gland can affect all major body systems’arrow_forward1) Hormone pathologies often manifest with elevated or lower hormones. The underlying cause may differ. What symptoms would be associated with hyperthyroidism? 2) Autoimmune disease in which auto-antibodies stimulate the TSH receptor (TSHR) on the thyroid gland. How would this affect levels of TRH, TSH, and TH? Draw out the H-P-T axis to illustrate changes in each hormone. 3) What symptoms would be associated with hypothyroidism? 4) How could this disease be treated? When the thyroid cells are destroyed, they cannot make hormones anymore and TH replacement needs to be given.arrow_forwardWhich statement is TRUE regarding the location of the thyroid and parathyroid glands? The thyroid gland is located in the adrenal cortex and the parathyroid glands are embedded in the adrenal medulla. The parathyroid glands are located anterior to the thymus gland and the thyroid gland is embedded in the posterior of the thymus gland The thyroid gland is located anterior to the trachea and the parathyroid glands are embedded in the posterior of the thyroid gland The thyroid gland is located in the mediastinum and the parathyroid glands are embedded in the posterior wall of the abdominal cavityarrow_forward
- Why is there a noticeable swelling in the front part of the neck of a person who has goiter?How does using iodized salt help in preventing thyroid problems?How does the medical condition of a person with endocrine dysfunction affect his or her way of life?arrow_forwardConsider the communication between the hypothalamus, pituitary and various target organs when answering this question. For each condition discussed, state the change you would expect to find for each hormone/compound addressed - INCREASED, DECREASED, UNAFFECTED, CAN'T INTERPRET: A patient suffering from untreated Graves disease: A) TSH B) Calcitonin C) Thyroxine(T4/T3) D) TRH A patient suffering from untreated goiter: A) TSH B) Calcitonin C) Thyroxine(T4/T3) D) TRH A patient suffering from pituitary tumor secreting ACTH: A) CRH B) ACTH C) Cortisol D) Plasma potassium level Now, let's consider calcium metabolism and balance. For each condition discussed, state the change you would expect to find for hormone/calcium levels - INCREASED, DECREASED, UNAFFECTED, CAN'T INTERPRET: A patient with…arrow_forwardWhat would be the effect on the body if the thyroid gland were removed?arrow_forward
- Human Biology (MindTap Course List)BiologyISBN:9781305112100Author:Cecie Starr, Beverly McMillanPublisher:Cengage LearningHuman Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap ...BiologyISBN:9781285866932Author:Lauralee SherwoodPublisher:Cengage Learning
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