
Explain the economic importance of conversions between different forms of energy and the inevitability of losses in this process.

Interpretation:
The economic importance of conversions between different form of energy and inevitability of losses in this process.
Concept introduction:
There are mainly 2 type of energy:
- Kinetic energy: When an object is in motion then the energy associated with the object is called the kinetic energy. It is also known as energy of motion. For example, thermal energy (movement of atoms).
- Potential energy: The energy associated with an object due to its position is called the potential energy. For example, chemical energy (energy stored in the chemical bonds).
Answer to Problem 1CO
Solution:
The energy of an object can be converted from one form to another. It is neither created nor never destroyed in a chemical reaction.
There will be some loss of energy in the process of conversion.
Explanation of Solution
The example of importance of energy conversion is explained as follows:
Octane, a type of hydrocarbon found in gasoline, has chemical energy (potential energy). This energy could be released into a car engine when the gasoline burns and produces very high-temperature gases that move the engine’s pistons. Because of this, the car moves forward (kinetic energy). In this example, a part of the chemical energy is converted into kinetic energy of the car, while other part of chemical energy is converted into thermal energy as heat emits from the car engine. Conversion of chemical energy into kinetic or thermal energy has high economic importance as without this a car cannot move forward.
Loss of energy within the car’s engine:
Loss of energy also takes place in an engine of a car through combustion. The chemical energy turns into heat energy and helps in pressing the pistons and the car moves by mechanical energy.
In living organism, ATP is molecule, which stores energy. In ATP, there is a potential energy in the bonds between the phosphate ions. The energy is stored in between the bonds of phosphate so when one phosphate bond breaks, the energy stored in the bonds of phosphate can be used in various chemical processes in the body. This energy can be used in movement of materials inside the body (kinetic energy).
Hence, economic importance of conversions between different form of energy has been explained.
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Chapter 9 Solutions
Chemistry for Engineering Students
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