Concept explainers
(a)
To calculate: The number of turns of an α helix that is required to span a lipid bilayer.
Concept introduction: Lipid bilayer or phospholipid bilayer is a thin polar membrane that is made up of two layers of lipid molecules. The membrane is like flat sheets that forms continuous layers of lipid molecules. The polypeptide chain penetrate or span the lipid bilayer if it has hydrophobic side chains that contact the lipid tails and can shield its polar back bone.
(b)
To calculate: The minimum number of residues required to span a lipid bilayer.
Concept introduction: Lipid bilayer or phospholipid bilayer is a thin polar membrane that is made up of two layers of lipid molecules. The membrane is like flat sheets that forms continuous layers of lipid molecules. The polypeptide chain penetrate or span the lipid bilayer if it has hydrophobic side chains that contact the lipid tails and can shield its polar back bone.
(c)
To explain: The reason why most of the transmembrane helices contain more than the minimum number of residues.
Concept introduction: Transmembrane proteins are a type of integral membrane proteins. They span the entirety of the biological membrane in which they are permanently attached to it. The transmembrane segments of the integral membrane proteins consist of either α helix or β sheets.
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