Physics of Everyday Phenomena
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781259894008
Author: W. Thomas Griffith, Juliet Brosing Professor
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 9, Problem 13CQ
If you filled an airtight balloon at the top of a mountain, would the balloon expand or contract as you descended the mountain? Explain.
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Chapter 9 Solutions
Physics of Everyday Phenomena
Ch. 9 - Is it possible for a 100-lb woman to exert a...Ch. 9 - If we measure force in pounds (lb) and distance in...Ch. 9 - The same force is applied to two cylinders that...Ch. 9 - A penny and a quarter are embedded in the concrete...Ch. 9 - Prob. 5CQCh. 9 - The fluid in a hydraulic system pushes against two...Ch. 9 - If the output piston in a hydraulic pump exerts a...Ch. 9 - When a mercury barometer is used to measure...Ch. 9 - Could we use water instead of mercury to make a...Ch. 9 - Prob. 10CQ
Ch. 9 - Could we use water instead of mercury to make a...Ch. 9 - If you climbed a mountain carrying a mercury...Ch. 9 - If you filled an airtight balloon at the top of a...Ch. 9 - When you go over a mountain pass in an automobile,...Ch. 9 - The plunger of a sealed hypodermic syringe...Ch. 9 - Helium is sealed inside a balloon impermeable to...Ch. 9 - Is it possible for a solid metal ball to float in...Ch. 9 - A rectangular metal block is suspended by a string...Ch. 9 - Is it possible for a boat made of concrete to...Ch. 9 - A block of wood is floating in a pool of water. a....Ch. 9 - A large bird lands on a rowboat that is floating...Ch. 9 - Is it possible that some objects might float in...Ch. 9 - A rowboat is floating in a swimming pool when the...Ch. 9 - If an object has a smaller density than water,...Ch. 9 - A steady stream of water flowing in a narrow pipe...Ch. 9 - Why does the stream of water flowing from a faucet...Ch. 9 - Does a stream of liquid with a high viscosity flow...Ch. 9 - If the speed of flow in a stream decreases, is the...Ch. 9 - Why is the flow of smoke from a cigarette often...Ch. 9 - If you blow between two limp pieces of paper held...Ch. 9 - A wind gust blows sideways across an...Ch. 9 - A hair dryer can be used to create a stream of...Ch. 9 - Prob. 33CQCh. 9 - Does the path of a curveball really curve? (See...Ch. 9 - A force of 60 N pushes down on the movable piston...Ch. 9 - A 150-lb woman puts all of her weight on one heel...Ch. 9 - A 270-lb man supports all of his weight on a...Ch. 9 - Prob. 4ECh. 9 - In a hydraulic system, a force of 540 N is exerted...Ch. 9 - The load-bearing piston in a certain hydraulic...Ch. 9 - A column of water in a vertical pipe has a...Ch. 9 - With the temperature held constant, the pressure...Ch. 9 - With the temperature held constant, the piston of...Ch. 9 - A 0.52-kg block of wood is floating in water. What...Ch. 9 - A block of wood of uniform density floats so that...Ch. 9 - A certain boat displaces a volume of 8.3 m3 of...Ch. 9 - A rock with a volume of 0.3 m3 is fully submerged...Ch. 9 - A stream moving with a speed of 3.5 m/s reaches a...Ch. 9 - Water emerges from a faucet at a speed of 1.5 m/s....Ch. 9 - An airplane wing with an average cross-sectional...Ch. 9 - Suppose the input piston of a hydraulic jack has a...Ch. 9 - Prob. 2SPCh. 9 - A copper block with a density of 8960 kg/m3 is...Ch. 9 - A flat-bottomed wooden box is 2.8 m long and 1.3 m...Ch. 9 - A pipe with a circular cross-section has a...
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- Review. In a water pistol, a piston drives water through a large tube of area A1 into a smaller tube of area A2 as shown in Figure P14.46. The radius of the large tube is 1.00 cm and that of the small tube is 1.00 mm. The smaller tube is 3.00 cm above the larger tube. (a) If the pistol is fired horizontally at a height of 1.50 m, determine the time interval required for the water to travel from the nozzle to the ground. Neglect air resistance and assume atmospheric pressure is 1.00 atm. (b) If the desired range of the stream is 8.00 m, with what speed v2 must the stream leave the nozzle? (c) At what speed v1 must the plunger be moved to achieve the desired range? (d) What is the pressure at the nozzle? (e) Find the pressure needed in the larger tube. (f) Calculate the force that must be exerted on the trigger to achieve the desired range. (The force that must be exerted is due to pressure over and above atmospheric pressure.) Figure P14.46arrow_forward(a) How high will water rise in a glass capillary tube with a 0.500-mm radius? (b) How much gravitational potential energy does the water gain? (c) Discuss possible sources of this energy.arrow_forwardThe human brain and spinal cord are immersed in the cerebrospinal fluid. The fluid is normally continuous between the cranial and spinal cavities and exerts a pressure of 100 to 200 mm of H2O above the prevailing atmospheric pressure. In medical work, pressures are often measured in units of mm of H2O because body fluids, including the cerebrospinal fluid, typically have nearly the same density as water. The pressure of the cerebrospinal fluid can be measured by means of a spinal tap. A hollow tube is inserted into the spinal column, and the height lo which the fluid rises is observed, as shown in Figure P9.83. If the fluid ruses to a height of 160. mm, we write its gauge pressure as 160. mm H2O. (a) Express this pressure in pascals, in atmospheres, and in millimeters of mercury. (b) Sometimes it is necessary to determine whether an accident victim has suffered a crushed vertebra that is blocking the flow of cerebrospinal fluid in the spinal column. In other cases, a physician may suspect that a tumor or other growth is blocking the spinal column and inhibiting the flow of cerebrospinal fluid. Such conditions ran be investigated by means of the Queckensted test. In this procedure, the veins in the patients neck are compressed lo make the blood pressure rise in the brain. The increase in pressure in the blood vessels is transmitted to the cerebrospinal fluid. What should be the normal effect on the height of the fluid in the spinal tap? (c) Suppose compressing the veins had no effect on the level of the fluid. What might account for this phenomenon?arrow_forward
- If the pressure in the esophagus is -2.00 mm Hg while that in the stomach is +20.0 mm Hg, to what height could stomach fluid rise in the esophagus, assuming a density of 1.10 g/mL? (This movement will not occur if the muscle closing the lower end of the esophagus is working properly.)arrow_forwardSuppose you hit a steel nail with a 0.500-kg hammer, initially moving at 15.0 m/s and brought to rest in 2.80 mm. (a) What average force is exerted on the nail? (b) How much is the nail compressed if it is 2.50 mm in diameter and 6.00-cm long? (c) What pressure is created on the 1.00-mm-diameter tip of the nail?arrow_forwardAn airplane has a mass M, and the two wings have a total area A. During level flight, the pressure on the lower wing surface is P1. Determine the pressure P2 on the upper wing surface.arrow_forward
- The human brain and spinal cord are immersed in the cerebrospinal fluid. The fluid is normally continuous between the cranial and spinal cavities and exerts a pressure of 100 to 200 mm of H2O above the prevailing atmospheric pressure. In medical work, pressures are often measured in units of millimeters of H2O because body fluids, including the cerebrospinal fluid, typically have the same density as water. The pressure of the cerebrospinal fluid can be measured by means of a spinal tap as illustrated in Figure P14.8. A hollow tube is inserted into the spinal column, and the height to which the fluid rises is observed. If the fluid rises to a height of 160 mm, we write its gauge pressure as 160 mm H2O. (a) Express this pressure in pascals, in atmospheres, and in millimeters of mercury. (b) Some conditions that block or inhibit the flow of cerebrospinal fluid can be investigated by means of Queckenstedts test. In this procedure, the veins in the patients neck are compressed to make the blood pressure rise in the brain, which in turn should be transmitted to the cerebrospinal fluid. Explain how the level of fluid in the spinal tap can be used as a diagnostic tool for the condition of the patients spine. Figure P14.8arrow_forwardThe alveoli in emphysema victims are damaged and effectively form larger sacs. Construct a problem in which you calculate the loss of pressure due to surface tension in the alveoli because of their larger average diameters. (Part of the lung's ability to expel air results from pressure created by surface tension in the alveoli.) Among the things to consider are the normal surface tension of the fluid lining the alveoli, the average alveolar radius in normal individuals and its average in emphysema sufferers.arrow_forwardYou are applying for a position with a sea rescue unit and are taking the qualifying exam. One question on the exam is about the use of a diving bell. The diving bell is in the shape of a cylinder with a vertical length of L = 2.50 m. It is closed at the upper circular end and open at the lower circular end. The hell is lowered from air into seawater ( = 1.025 g/cm3) and kept in its upright orientation as it is lowered. The air in the bell is initially at temperature Ti = 20.0C. The bell, with two humans inside, is lowered to a depth (measured to the bottom of the bell) of 27.0 fathoms, or h = 49.4 m. At this depth the water temperature is Tf = 4.0C, and the bell is in thermal equilibrium with the water. The exam question asks you to compare two situations: (i) No additional gas is added to the interior of the bell as it is submerged. Therefore, water enters the open bottom of the bell and the volume of the enclosed air decreases. (ii) The bell is fitted with pressurized air tanks, which deliver high-pressure air into the interior of the bell to keep the level of water at the bottom edge of the bell. This choice requires money and effort to attach the tanks. The exam question asks: Which scenario is better?arrow_forward
- A 62.0-kg survivor of a cruise line disaster rests atop a block of Styrofoam insulation, using it as a raft. The Styrofoam has dimensions 2.00 m 2.00 m 0.090 0 m. The bottom 0.024 m of the raft is submerged. (a) Draw a force diagram of the system consisting of the survivor and raft. (b) Write Newtons second law for the system in one dimension, using B for buoyancy, w for the weight of the survivor, and wr for the weight of the raft. (Set a = 0.) (c) Calculate the numeric value for the buoyancy, B. (Seawater has density 1 025 kg/m3.) (d) Using the value of B and the weight w of the survivor, calculate the weight w, of the Styrofoam. (e) What is the density of the Styrofoam? (f) What is the maximum buoyant, force, corresponding to the raft being submerged up to its top surface? (g) What total mass of survivors can the raft support?arrow_forwardWhen two soap bubbles touch, the larger is inflated by the smaller until they form a single bubble. (a) What is the gauge pressure inside a soap bubble with a 1.50-cm radius? (b) Inside a 4.00-cm-radius soap bubble? (c) Inside the single bubble they form if no air is lost when they touch?arrow_forwardWhen a person sits erect, increasing the vertical position of their brain by 36.0 cm, the heart must continue to pump blood to the brain at the same rate. (a) What is the gain in gravitational potential energy for 100 mL of blood raised 36.0 cm? (b) What is the drop in pressure, neglecting any losses due to friction? (c) Discuss how the gain in gravitational potential energy and the decrease in pressure are related.arrow_forward
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