Chapter 9, Problem 110AE

a. Using only the valence atomic orbitals of a hydrogen atom and a fluorine atom, and following
the model of Figure 9.46 C, how many MOs would you expect for the HF molecule?

b. How many of the MOs from part (a) would be occupied by electrons?

c. It turns out that the difference in energies between the valence atomic orbitals of H and F are sufficiently different that we can neglect the interaction of the Is orbital of hydrogen with the 2s orbital of fluorine. The Is orbital of hydrogen will mix only with one 2P orbital of fluorine. Draw pictures showing the proper orientatlon of all three 2P orbitals on F interacting with a Is orbital on H. Which of the 2P orbitals can actually make a bond with a Is orbital, assuming that the atoms lie on the z-axis?

d. In the most accepted picture of HF, all the other atomic orbitals on fluorine move over at the
same energy into the molecular orbital energy-level diagram for I-IF. These are called "nonbonding orbitals." Sketch the energy-level diagram for HF using this information and calculate the bond order, (Nonbonding electrons do not contribute to bond order.)

e. Look at the Lewis structure for HE, Where are the nonbonding electrons?