Whether the statementBill has 47 chromosomes is correct or incorrect. Introduction: Trisomy is the addition of a single chromosome in the whole set of chromosome. Addition of single chromosome refers to the gain of one extra homologous copy of individual chromosome. Trisomy is represented as 2n + 1 . Down syndrome is the trisomy of chromosome 21 .

Question

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 8.3, Problem 32AQP

a.

Summary Introduction

To explain:

Whether the statementBill has 47 chromosomes is correct or incorrect.

Introduction:

Trisomy is the addition of a single chromosome in the whole set of chromosome. Addition of single chromosome refers to the gain of one extra homologous copy of individual chromosome. Trisomy is represented as 2n+1. Down syndrome is the trisomy of chromosome 21.

a.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

In the given case, it is nowhere mentioned that Bill is suffering from Down syndrome. 47 chromosomes represent trisomy which is not there in Bill. So, the statementBill has 47 chromosomes statement is incorrect.

b.

Summary Introduction

To explain:

Whether the statement that Betty has 47 chromosome is correct or incorrect.

Introduction:

Trisomy is the addition of a single chromosome in the whole set of chromosome. Addition of single chromosome refers to the gain of one extra homologous copy of individual chromosome. Trisomy is represented as 2n+1. Down syndrome is the trisomy of chromosome 21.

b.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

In the given case, no information has been provided for Betty. It is nowhere mentioned that she is having a trisomy that is total number of chromosomes are 47. So the number of chromosomes in cells of Betty are 46. So the statement thatBetty has 47 chromosome is incorrect.

c.

Summary Introduction

To explain:

Whether the statement Bill and Betty’s children each have 47 chromosomes is correct or incorrect.

Introduction:

Trisomy is the addition of a single chromosome in the whole set of chromosome. Addition of single chromosome refers to the gain of one extra homologous copy of individual chromosome. Trisomy is represented as 2n+1. Down syndrome is the trisomy of chromosome 21.

c.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Both the children of Bill and Betty have Down syndrome. However, since Bill is normal, he must be the carrier for Robertsonian translocation. He will transmit translocated copy of chromosome 21. So, both the children of Bill and Betty must have translocated copy. The number of chromosomes in children would be 46. So, the statement that Bill and Betty’s children each have 47 chromosomes is incorrect.

d.

Summary Introduction

To explain:

Whether the statement Bill’s sister has 45 chromosomes is correct or incorrect.

Introduction:

Trisomy is the addition of a single chromosome in the whole set of chromosome. Addition of single chromosome refers to the gain of one extra homologous copy of individual chromosome. Trisomy is represented as 2n+1. Down syndrome is the trisomy of chromosome 21.

d.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Since the children of both Bill and his sister have Down syndrome, this reflects that both Bill and his sister must be carrier for Robertsonian translocation. One of the chromosomes produced by Robertsonian translocation has long arms of both chromosome 14 and chromosome 21 and the other chromosome have short arms of both chromosome 14 and chromosome 21. The chromosome having short arms is lost. Hence, both Bill and his sisters will have 45 chromosomes. So, the statement that Bill’s sister has 45 chromosomes is correct.

d.

Summary Introduction

To explain:

Whether the statement Bill’s sister has 45 chromosomes is correct or incorrect.

Introduction:

Trisomy is the addition of a single chromosome in the whole set of chromosome. Addition of single chromosome refers to the gain of one extra homologous copy of individual chromosome. Trisomy is represented as 2n+1. Down syndrome is the trisomy of chromosome 21.

d.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Since the children of both Bill and his sister have Down syndrome, this reflects that both Bill and his sister must be carrier for Robertsonian translocation. One of the chromosomes produced by Robertsonian translocation has long arms of both chromosome 14 and chromosome 21 and the other chromosome have short arms of both chromosome 14 and chromosome 21. The chromosome having short arms is lost. Hence, both Bill and his sisters will have 45 chromosomes. So, the statement that Bill’s sister has 45 chromosomes is correct.

e.

Summary Introduction

To explain:

Whether the statement that Bill has 46 chromosome is correct or incorrect.

Introduction:

Trisomy is the addition of a single chromosome in the whole set of chromosome. Addition of single chromosome refers to the gain of one extra homologous copy of individual chromosome. Trisomy is represented as 2n+1. Down syndrome is the trisomy of chromosome 21.

e.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

The children of Bill have Down syndrome. The Down syndrome is passed from Bill as no history of Betty is given. Bill is the carrier of translocation of chromosome 21. So, he must be having 45 chromosomes. So, the statement that Bill has 45 chromosomes is correct.

f.

Summary Introduction

To explain:

Whether the statement Betty has 45 chromosomes is correct or incorrect.

Introduction:

Trisomy is the addition of a single chromosome in the whole set of chromosome. Addition of single chromosome refers to the gain of one extra homologous copy of individual chromosome. Trisomy is represented as 2n+1. Down syndrome is the trisomy of chromosome 21.

f.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

The children of Bill have Down syndrome. In the family of Bill, familial Down syndrome is getting transmitted. So Bill is the carrier of Robertsonian translocation, and Betty has normal number of chromosomes. So, the statement that Betty has 45 chromosomes is incorrect.

g.

Summary Introduction

To explain:

Whether the statement Bill’s brother has 45 chromosomes is correct or incorrect.

Introduction:

Trisomy is the addition of a single chromosome in the whole set of chromosome. Addition of single chromosome refers to the gain of one extra homologous copy of individual chromosome. Trisomy is represented as 2n+1. Down syndrome is the trisomy of chromosome 21.

g.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Bill’s brother has Down syndrome and he is not the carrier for Robertsonian translocation. He must be having 47 chromosomes. So, the statement that Bill’s brother has 45 chromosomes is incorrect.

Conclusion

Down syndrome is the trisomy of chromosome 21. It is of two types, namely- primary Down syndrome and Familial Down syndrome. Familial Down syndrome is produced by Robertsonian translocation and primary Down syndrome is caused by nondisjunction of chromosome 21. The carrier of Familial Down syndrome has 45 chromosomes whereas person with Down syndrome have 47 chromosomes.

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Answer 2

Question

Chapter 8.3, Problem 32AQP

a.

Summary Introduction

To explain:

Whether the statementBill has 47 chromosomes is correct or incorrect.

Introduction:

Trisomy is the addition of a single chromosome in the whole set of chromosome. Addition of single chromosome refers to the gain of one extra homologous copy of individual chromosome. Trisomy is represented as 2n+1. Down syndrome is the trisomy of chromosome 21.

a.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

In the given case, it is nowhere mentioned that Bill is suffering from Down syndrome. 47 chromosomes represent trisomy which is not there in Bill. So, the statementBill has 47 chromosomes statement is incorrect.

b.

Summary Introduction

To explain:

Whether the statement that Betty has 47 chromosome is correct or incorrect.

Introduction:

Trisomy is the addition of a single chromosome in the whole set of chromosome. Addition of single chromosome refers to the gain of one extra homologous copy of individual chromosome. Trisomy is represented as 2n+1. Down syndrome is the trisomy of chromosome 21.

b.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

In the given case, no information has been provided for Betty. It is nowhere mentioned that she is having a trisomy that is total number of chromosomes are 47. So the number of chromosomes in cells of Betty are 46. So the statement thatBetty has 47 chromosome is incorrect.

c.

Summary Introduction

To explain:

Whether the statement Bill and Betty’s children each have 47 chromosomes is correct or incorrect.

Introduction:

Trisomy is the addition of a single chromosome in the whole set of chromosome. Addition of single chromosome refers to the gain of one extra homologous copy of individual chromosome. Trisomy is represented as 2n+1. Down syndrome is the trisomy of chromosome 21.

c.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Both the children of Bill and Betty have Down syndrome. However, since Bill is normal, he must be the carrier for Robertsonian translocation. He will transmit translocated copy of chromosome 21. So, both the children of Bill and Betty must have translocated copy. The number of chromosomes in children would be 46. So, the statement that Bill and Betty’s children each have 47 chromosomes is incorrect.

d.

Summary Introduction

To explain:

Whether the statement Bill’s sister has 45 chromosomes is correct or incorrect.

Introduction:

Trisomy is the addition of a single chromosome in the whole set of chromosome. Addition of single chromosome refers to the gain of one extra homologous copy of individual chromosome. Trisomy is represented as 2n+1. Down syndrome is the trisomy of chromosome 21.

d.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Since the children of both Bill and his sister have Down syndrome, this reflects that both Bill and his sister must be carrier for Robertsonian translocation. One of the chromosomes produced by Robertsonian translocation has long arms of both chromosome 14 and chromosome 21 and the other chromosome have short arms of both chromosome 14 and chromosome 21. The chromosome having short arms is lost. Hence, both Bill and his sisters will have 45 chromosomes. So, the statement that Bill’s sister has 45 chromosomes is correct.

d.

Summary Introduction

To explain:

Whether the statement Bill’s sister has 45 chromosomes is correct or incorrect.

Introduction:

Trisomy is the addition of a single chromosome in the whole set of chromosome. Addition of single chromosome refers to the gain of one extra homologous copy of individual chromosome. Trisomy is represented as 2n+1. Down syndrome is the trisomy of chromosome 21.

d.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Since the children of both Bill and his sister have Down syndrome, this reflects that both Bill and his sister must be carrier for Robertsonian translocation. One of the chromosomes produced by Robertsonian translocation has long arms of both chromosome 14 and chromosome 21 and the other chromosome have short arms of both chromosome 14 and chromosome 21. The chromosome having short arms is lost. Hence, both Bill and his sisters will have 45 chromosomes. So, the statement that Bill’s sister has 45 chromosomes is correct.

e.

Summary Introduction

To explain:

Whether the statement that Bill has 46 chromosome is correct or incorrect.

Introduction:

Trisomy is the addition of a single chromosome in the whole set of chromosome. Addition of single chromosome refers to the gain of one extra homologous copy of individual chromosome. Trisomy is represented as 2n+1. Down syndrome is the trisomy of chromosome 21.

e.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

The children of Bill have Down syndrome. The Down syndrome is passed from Bill as no history of Betty is given. Bill is the carrier of translocation of chromosome 21. So, he must be having 45 chromosomes. So, the statement that Bill has 45 chromosomes is correct.

f.

Summary Introduction

To explain:

Whether the statement Betty has 45 chromosomes is correct or incorrect.

Introduction:

Trisomy is the addition of a single chromosome in the whole set of chromosome. Addition of single chromosome refers to the gain of one extra homologous copy of individual chromosome. Trisomy is represented as 2n+1. Down syndrome is the trisomy of chromosome 21.

f.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

The children of Bill have Down syndrome. In the family of Bill, familial Down syndrome is getting transmitted. So Bill is the carrier of Robertsonian translocation, and Betty has normal number of chromosomes. So, the statement that Betty has 45 chromosomes is incorrect.

g.

Summary Introduction

To explain:

Whether the statement Bill’s brother has 45 chromosomes is correct or incorrect.

Introduction:

Trisomy is the addition of a single chromosome in the whole set of chromosome. Addition of single chromosome refers to the gain of one extra homologous copy of individual chromosome. Trisomy is represented as 2n+1. Down syndrome is the trisomy of chromosome 21.

g.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Bill’s brother has Down syndrome and he is not the carrier for Robertsonian translocation. He must be having 47 chromosomes. So, the statement that Bill’s brother has 45 chromosomes is incorrect.

Conclusion

Down syndrome is the trisomy of chromosome 21. It is of two types, namely- primary Down syndrome and Familial Down syndrome. Familial Down syndrome is produced by Robertsonian translocation and primary Down syndrome is caused by nondisjunction of chromosome 21. The carrier of Familial Down syndrome has 45 chromosomes whereas person with Down syndrome have 47 chromosomes.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 8.3, Problem 32AQP

a.

Summary Introduction

To explain:

Whether the statementBill has 47 chromosomes is correct or incorrect.

Introduction:

Trisomy is the addition of a single chromosome in the whole set of chromosome. Addition of single chromosome refers to the gain of one extra homologous copy of individual chromosome. Trisomy is represented as 2n+1. Down syndrome is the trisomy of chromosome 21.

a.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

In the given case, it is nowhere mentioned that Bill is suffering from Down syndrome. 47 chromosomes represent trisomy which is not there in Bill. So, the statementBill has 47 chromosomes statement is incorrect.

b.

Summary Introduction

To explain:

Whether the statement that Betty has 47 chromosome is correct or incorrect.

Introduction:

Trisomy is the addition of a single chromosome in the whole set of chromosome. Addition of single chromosome refers to the gain of one extra homologous copy of individual chromosome. Trisomy is represented as 2n+1. Down syndrome is the trisomy of chromosome 21.

b.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

In the given case, no information has been provided for Betty. It is nowhere mentioned that she is having a trisomy that is total number of chromosomes are 47. So the number of chromosomes in cells of Betty are 46. So the statement thatBetty has 47 chromosome is incorrect.

c.

Summary Introduction

To explain:

Whether the statement Bill and Betty’s children each have 47 chromosomes is correct or incorrect.

Introduction:

Trisomy is the addition of a single chromosome in the whole set of chromosome. Addition of single chromosome refers to the gain of one extra homologous copy of individual chromosome. Trisomy is represented as 2n+1. Down syndrome is the trisomy of chromosome 21.

c.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Both the children of Bill and Betty have Down syndrome. However, since Bill is normal, he must be the carrier for Robertsonian translocation. He will transmit translocated copy of chromosome 21. So, both the children of Bill and Betty must have translocated copy. The number of chromosomes in children would be 46. So, the statement that Bill and Betty’s children each have 47 chromosomes is incorrect.

d.

Summary Introduction

To explain:

Whether the statement Bill’s sister has 45 chromosomes is correct or incorrect.

Introduction:

Trisomy is the addition of a single chromosome in the whole set of chromosome. Addition of single chromosome refers to the gain of one extra homologous copy of individual chromosome. Trisomy is represented as 2n+1. Down syndrome is the trisomy of chromosome 21.

d.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Since the children of both Bill and his sister have Down syndrome, this reflects that both Bill and his sister must be carrier for Robertsonian translocation. One of the chromosomes produced by Robertsonian translocation has long arms of both chromosome 14 and chromosome 21 and the other chromosome have short arms of both chromosome 14 and chromosome 21. The chromosome having short arms is lost. Hence, both Bill and his sisters will have 45 chromosomes. So, the statement that Bill’s sister has 45 chromosomes is correct.

d.

Summary Introduction

To explain:

Whether the statement Bill’s sister has 45 chromosomes is correct or incorrect.

Introduction:

Trisomy is the addition of a single chromosome in the whole set of chromosome. Addition of single chromosome refers to the gain of one extra homologous copy of individual chromosome. Trisomy is represented as 2n+1. Down syndrome is the trisomy of chromosome 21.

d.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Since the children of both Bill and his sister have Down syndrome, this reflects that both Bill and his sister must be carrier for Robertsonian translocation. One of the chromosomes produced by Robertsonian translocation has long arms of both chromosome 14 and chromosome 21 and the other chromosome have short arms of both chromosome 14 and chromosome 21. The chromosome having short arms is lost. Hence, both Bill and his sisters will have 45 chromosomes. So, the statement that Bill’s sister has 45 chromosomes is correct.

e.

Summary Introduction

To explain:

Whether the statement that Bill has 46 chromosome is correct or incorrect.

Introduction:

Trisomy is the addition of a single chromosome in the whole set of chromosome. Addition of single chromosome refers to the gain of one extra homologous copy of individual chromosome. Trisomy is represented as 2n+1. Down syndrome is the trisomy of chromosome 21.

e.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

The children of Bill have Down syndrome. The Down syndrome is passed from Bill as no history of Betty is given. Bill is the carrier of translocation of chromosome 21. So, he must be having 45 chromosomes. So, the statement that Bill has 45 chromosomes is correct.

f.

Summary Introduction

To explain:

Whether the statement Betty has 45 chromosomes is correct or incorrect.

Introduction:

Trisomy is the addition of a single chromosome in the whole set of chromosome. Addition of single chromosome refers to the gain of one extra homologous copy of individual chromosome. Trisomy is represented as 2n+1. Down syndrome is the trisomy of chromosome 21.

f.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

The children of Bill have Down syndrome. In the family of Bill, familial Down syndrome is getting transmitted. So Bill is the carrier of Robertsonian translocation, and Betty has normal number of chromosomes. So, the statement that Betty has 45 chromosomes is incorrect.

g.

Summary Introduction

To explain:

Whether the statement Bill’s brother has 45 chromosomes is correct or incorrect.

Introduction:

Trisomy is the addition of a single chromosome in the whole set of chromosome. Addition of single chromosome refers to the gain of one extra homologous copy of individual chromosome. Trisomy is represented as 2n+1. Down syndrome is the trisomy of chromosome 21.

g.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Bill’s brother has Down syndrome and he is not the carrier for Robertsonian translocation. He must be having 47 chromosomes. So, the statement that Bill’s brother has 45 chromosomes is incorrect.

Conclusion

Down syndrome is the trisomy of chromosome 21. It is of two types, namely- primary Down syndrome and Familial Down syndrome. Familial Down syndrome is produced by Robertsonian translocation and primary Down syndrome is caused by nondisjunction of chromosome 21. The carrier of Familial Down syndrome has 45 chromosomes whereas person with Down syndrome have 47 chromosomes.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 8.3, Problem 32AQP

a.

Summary Introduction

To explain:

Whether the statementBill has 47 chromosomes is correct or incorrect.

Introduction:

Trisomy is the addition of a single chromosome in the whole set of chromosome. Addition of single chromosome refers to the gain of one extra homologous copy of individual chromosome. Trisomy is represented as 2n+1. Down syndrome is the trisomy of chromosome 21.

a.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

In the given case, it is nowhere mentioned that Bill is suffering from Down syndrome. 47 chromosomes represent trisomy which is not there in Bill. So, the statementBill has 47 chromosomes statement is incorrect.

b.

Summary Introduction

To explain:

Whether the statement that Betty has 47 chromosome is correct or incorrect.

Introduction:

Trisomy is the addition of a single chromosome in the whole set of chromosome. Addition of single chromosome refers to the gain of one extra homologous copy of individual chromosome. Trisomy is represented as 2n+1. Down syndrome is the trisomy of chromosome 21.

b.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

In the given case, no information has been provided for Betty. It is nowhere mentioned that she is having a trisomy that is total number of chromosomes are 47. So the number of chromosomes in cells of Betty are 46. So the statement thatBetty has 47 chromosome is incorrect.

c.

Summary Introduction

To explain:

Whether the statement Bill and Betty’s children each have 47 chromosomes is correct or incorrect.

Introduction:

Trisomy is the addition of a single chromosome in the whole set of chromosome. Addition of single chromosome refers to the gain of one extra homologous copy of individual chromosome. Trisomy is represented as 2n+1. Down syndrome is the trisomy of chromosome 21.

c.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Both the children of Bill and Betty have Down syndrome. However, since Bill is normal, he must be the carrier for Robertsonian translocation. He will transmit translocated copy of chromosome 21. So, both the children of Bill and Betty must have translocated copy. The number of chromosomes in children would be 46. So, the statement that Bill and Betty’s children each have 47 chromosomes is incorrect.

d.

Summary Introduction

To explain:

Whether the statement Bill’s sister has 45 chromosomes is correct or incorrect.

Introduction:

Trisomy is the addition of a single chromosome in the whole set of chromosome. Addition of single chromosome refers to the gain of one extra homologous copy of individual chromosome. Trisomy is represented as 2n+1. Down syndrome is the trisomy of chromosome 21.

d.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Since the children of both Bill and his sister have Down syndrome, this reflects that both Bill and his sister must be carrier for Robertsonian translocation. One of the chromosomes produced by Robertsonian translocation has long arms of both chromosome 14 and chromosome 21 and the other chromosome have short arms of both chromosome 14 and chromosome 21. The chromosome having short arms is lost. Hence, both Bill and his sisters will have 45 chromosomes. So, the statement that Bill’s sister has 45 chromosomes is correct.

d.

Summary Introduction

To explain:

Whether the statement Bill’s sister has 45 chromosomes is correct or incorrect.

Introduction:

Trisomy is the addition of a single chromosome in the whole set of chromosome. Addition of single chromosome refers to the gain of one extra homologous copy of individual chromosome. Trisomy is represented as 2n+1. Down syndrome is the trisomy of chromosome 21.

d.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Since the children of both Bill and his sister have Down syndrome, this reflects that both Bill and his sister must be carrier for Robertsonian translocation. One of the chromosomes produced by Robertsonian translocation has long arms of both chromosome 14 and chromosome 21 and the other chromosome have short arms of both chromosome 14 and chromosome 21. The chromosome having short arms is lost. Hence, both Bill and his sisters will have 45 chromosomes. So, the statement that Bill’s sister has 45 chromosomes is correct.

e.

Summary Introduction

To explain:

Whether the statement that Bill has 46 chromosome is correct or incorrect.

Introduction:

Trisomy is the addition of a single chromosome in the whole set of chromosome. Addition of single chromosome refers to the gain of one extra homologous copy of individual chromosome. Trisomy is represented as 2n+1. Down syndrome is the trisomy of chromosome 21.

e.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

The children of Bill have Down syndrome. The Down syndrome is passed from Bill as no history of Betty is given. Bill is the carrier of translocation of chromosome 21. So, he must be having 45 chromosomes. So, the statement that Bill has 45 chromosomes is correct.

f.

Summary Introduction

To explain:

Whether the statement Betty has 45 chromosomes is correct or incorrect.

Introduction:

Trisomy is the addition of a single chromosome in the whole set of chromosome. Addition of single chromosome refers to the gain of one extra homologous copy of individual chromosome. Trisomy is represented as 2n+1. Down syndrome is the trisomy of chromosome 21.

f.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

The children of Bill have Down syndrome. In the family of Bill, familial Down syndrome is getting transmitted. So Bill is the carrier of Robertsonian translocation, and Betty has normal number of chromosomes. So, the statement that Betty has 45 chromosomes is incorrect.

g.

Summary Introduction

To explain:

Whether the statement Bill’s brother has 45 chromosomes is correct or incorrect.

Introduction:

Trisomy is the addition of a single chromosome in the whole set of chromosome. Addition of single chromosome refers to the gain of one extra homologous copy of individual chromosome. Trisomy is represented as 2n+1. Down syndrome is the trisomy of chromosome 21.

g.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Bill’s brother has Down syndrome and he is not the carrier for Robertsonian translocation. He must be having 47 chromosomes. So, the statement that Bill’s brother has 45 chromosomes is incorrect.

Conclusion

Down syndrome is the trisomy of chromosome 21. It is of two types, namely- primary Down syndrome and Familial Down syndrome. Familial Down syndrome is produced by Robertsonian translocation and primary Down syndrome is caused by nondisjunction of chromosome 21. The carrier of Familial Down syndrome has 45 chromosomes whereas person with Down syndrome have 47 chromosomes.

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Answer 5

Chapter 8.3, Problem 32AQP

a.

Summary Introduction

To explain:

Whether the statementBill has 47 chromosomes is correct or incorrect.

Introduction:

Trisomy is the addition of a single chromosome in the whole set of chromosome. Addition of single chromosome refers to the gain of one extra homologous copy of individual chromosome. Trisomy is represented as 2n+1. Down syndrome is the trisomy of chromosome 21.

a.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

In the given case, it is nowhere mentioned that Bill is suffering from Down syndrome. 47 chromosomes represent trisomy which is not there in Bill. So, the statementBill has 47 chromosomes statement is incorrect.

b.

Summary Introduction

To explain:

Whether the statement that Betty has 47 chromosome is correct or incorrect.

Introduction:

Trisomy is the addition of a single chromosome in the whole set of chromosome. Addition of single chromosome refers to the gain of one extra homologous copy of individual chromosome. Trisomy is represented as 2n+1. Down syndrome is the trisomy of chromosome 21.

b.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

In the given case, no information has been provided for Betty. It is nowhere mentioned that she is having a trisomy that is total number of chromosomes are 47. So the number of chromosomes in cells of Betty are 46. So the statement thatBetty has 47 chromosome is incorrect.

c.

Summary Introduction

To explain:

Whether the statement Bill and Betty’s children each have 47 chromosomes is correct or incorrect.

Introduction:

Trisomy is the addition of a single chromosome in the whole set of chromosome. Addition of single chromosome refers to the gain of one extra homologous copy of individual chromosome. Trisomy is represented as 2n+1. Down syndrome is the trisomy of chromosome 21.

c.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Both the children of Bill and Betty have Down syndrome. However, since Bill is normal, he must be the carrier for Robertsonian translocation. He will transmit translocated copy of chromosome 21. So, both the children of Bill and Betty must have translocated copy. The number of chromosomes in children would be 46. So, the statement that Bill and Betty’s children each have 47 chromosomes is incorrect.

d.

Summary Introduction

To explain:

Whether the statement Bill’s sister has 45 chromosomes is correct or incorrect.

Introduction:

Trisomy is the addition of a single chromosome in the whole set of chromosome. Addition of single chromosome refers to the gain of one extra homologous copy of individual chromosome. Trisomy is represented as 2n+1. Down syndrome is the trisomy of chromosome 21.

d.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Since the children of both Bill and his sister have Down syndrome, this reflects that both Bill and his sister must be carrier for Robertsonian translocation. One of the chromosomes produced by Robertsonian translocation has long arms of both chromosome 14 and chromosome 21 and the other chromosome have short arms of both chromosome 14 and chromosome 21. The chromosome having short arms is lost. Hence, both Bill and his sisters will have 45 chromosomes. So, the statement that Bill’s sister has 45 chromosomes is correct.

d.

Summary Introduction

To explain:

Whether the statement Bill’s sister has 45 chromosomes is correct or incorrect.

Introduction:

Trisomy is the addition of a single chromosome in the whole set of chromosome. Addition of single chromosome refers to the gain of one extra homologous copy of individual chromosome. Trisomy is represented as 2n+1. Down syndrome is the trisomy of chromosome 21.

d.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Since the children of both Bill and his sister have Down syndrome, this reflects that both Bill and his sister must be carrier for Robertsonian translocation. One of the chromosomes produced by Robertsonian translocation has long arms of both chromosome 14 and chromosome 21 and the other chromosome have short arms of both chromosome 14 and chromosome 21. The chromosome having short arms is lost. Hence, both Bill and his sisters will have 45 chromosomes. So, the statement that Bill’s sister has 45 chromosomes is correct.

e.

Summary Introduction

To explain:

Whether the statement that Bill has 46 chromosome is correct or incorrect.

Introduction:

Trisomy is the addition of a single chromosome in the whole set of chromosome. Addition of single chromosome refers to the gain of one extra homologous copy of individual chromosome. Trisomy is represented as 2n+1. Down syndrome is the trisomy of chromosome 21.

e.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

The children of Bill have Down syndrome. The Down syndrome is passed from Bill as no history of Betty is given. Bill is the carrier of translocation of chromosome 21. So, he must be having 45 chromosomes. So, the statement that Bill has 45 chromosomes is correct.

f.

Summary Introduction

To explain:

Whether the statement Betty has 45 chromosomes is correct or incorrect.

Introduction:

Trisomy is the addition of a single chromosome in the whole set of chromosome. Addition of single chromosome refers to the gain of one extra homologous copy of individual chromosome. Trisomy is represented as 2n+1. Down syndrome is the trisomy of chromosome 21.

f.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

The children of Bill have Down syndrome. In the family of Bill, familial Down syndrome is getting transmitted. So Bill is the carrier of Robertsonian translocation, and Betty has normal number of chromosomes. So, the statement that Betty has 45 chromosomes is incorrect.

g.

Summary Introduction

To explain:

Whether the statement Bill’s brother has 45 chromosomes is correct or incorrect.

Introduction:

Trisomy is the addition of a single chromosome in the whole set of chromosome. Addition of single chromosome refers to the gain of one extra homologous copy of individual chromosome. Trisomy is represented as 2n+1. Down syndrome is the trisomy of chromosome 21.

g.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Bill’s brother has Down syndrome and he is not the carrier for Robertsonian translocation. He must be having 47 chromosomes. So, the statement that Bill’s brother has 45 chromosomes is incorrect.

Conclusion

Down syndrome is the trisomy of chromosome 21. It is of two types, namely- primary Down syndrome and Familial Down syndrome. Familial Down syndrome is produced by Robertsonian translocation and primary Down syndrome is caused by nondisjunction of chromosome 21. The carrier of Familial Down syndrome has 45 chromosomes whereas person with Down syndrome have 47 chromosomes.

Answer 6

Chapter 8.3, Problem 32AQP

a.

Summary Introduction

To explain:

Whether the statementBill has 47 chromosomes is correct or incorrect.

Introduction:

Trisomy is the addition of a single chromosome in the whole set of chromosome. Addition of single chromosome refers to the gain of one extra homologous copy of individual chromosome. Trisomy is represented as 2n+1. Down syndrome is the trisomy of chromosome 21.

a.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

In the given case, it is nowhere mentioned that Bill is suffering from Down syndrome. 47 chromosomes represent trisomy which is not there in Bill. So, the statementBill has 47 chromosomes statement is incorrect.

Answer 7

Chapter 8.3, Problem 32AQP

a.

Summary Introduction

To explain:

Whether the statementBill has 47 chromosomes is correct or incorrect.

Introduction:

Trisomy is the addition of a single chromosome in the whole set of chromosome. Addition of single chromosome refers to the gain of one extra homologous copy of individual chromosome. Trisomy is represented as 2n+1. Down syndrome is the trisomy of chromosome 21.

Answer 8

a.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

In the given case, it is nowhere mentioned that Bill is suffering from Down syndrome. 47 chromosomes represent trisomy which is not there in Bill. So, the statementBill has 47 chromosomes statement is incorrect.

Answer 9

a.

Expert Solution

Answer 10

a.

Expert Solution

Answer 11

Expert Solution

Answer 12

b.

Summary Introduction

To explain:

Whether the statement that Betty has 47 chromosome is correct or incorrect.

Introduction:

Trisomy is the addition of a single chromosome in the whole set of chromosome. Addition of single chromosome refers to the gain of one extra homologous copy of individual chromosome. Trisomy is represented as 2n+1. Down syndrome is the trisomy of chromosome 21.

b.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

In the given case, no information has been provided for Betty. It is nowhere mentioned that she is having a trisomy that is total number of chromosomes are 47. So the number of chromosomes in cells of Betty are 46. So the statement thatBetty has 47 chromosome is incorrect.

Answer 13

b.

Summary Introduction

To explain:

Whether the statement that Betty has 47 chromosome is correct or incorrect.

Introduction:

Trisomy is the addition of a single chromosome in the whole set of chromosome. Addition of single chromosome refers to the gain of one extra homologous copy of individual chromosome. Trisomy is represented as 2n+1. Down syndrome is the trisomy of chromosome 21.

Answer 14

b.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

In the given case, no information has been provided for Betty. It is nowhere mentioned that she is having a trisomy that is total number of chromosomes are 47. So the number of chromosomes in cells of Betty are 46. So the statement thatBetty has 47 chromosome is incorrect.

Answer 15

b.

Expert Solution

Answer 16

b.

Expert Solution

Answer 17

Expert Solution

Answer 18

c.

Summary Introduction

To explain:

Whether the statement Bill and Betty’s children each have 47 chromosomes is correct or incorrect.

Introduction:

Trisomy is the addition of a single chromosome in the whole set of chromosome. Addition of single chromosome refers to the gain of one extra homologous copy of individual chromosome. Trisomy is represented as 2n+1. Down syndrome is the trisomy of chromosome 21.

c.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Both the children of Bill and Betty have Down syndrome. However, since Bill is normal, he must be the carrier for Robertsonian translocation. He will transmit translocated copy of chromosome 21. So, both the children of Bill and Betty must have translocated copy. The number of chromosomes in children would be 46. So, the statement that Bill and Betty’s children each have 47 chromosomes is incorrect.

Answer 19

c.

Summary Introduction

To explain:

Whether the statement Bill and Betty’s children each have 47 chromosomes is correct or incorrect.

Introduction:

Trisomy is the addition of a single chromosome in the whole set of chromosome. Addition of single chromosome refers to the gain of one extra homologous copy of individual chromosome. Trisomy is represented as 2n+1. Down syndrome is the trisomy of chromosome 21.

Answer 20

c.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Both the children of Bill and Betty have Down syndrome. However, since Bill is normal, he must be the carrier for Robertsonian translocation. He will transmit translocated copy of chromosome 21. So, both the children of Bill and Betty must have translocated copy. The number of chromosomes in children would be 46. So, the statement that Bill and Betty’s children each have 47 chromosomes is incorrect.

Answer 21

c.

Expert Solution

Answer 22

c.

Expert Solution

Answer 23

Expert Solution

Answer 24

d.

Summary Introduction

To explain:

Whether the statement Bill’s sister has 45 chromosomes is correct or incorrect.

Introduction:

Trisomy is the addition of a single chromosome in the whole set of chromosome. Addition of single chromosome refers to the gain of one extra homologous copy of individual chromosome. Trisomy is represented as 2n+1. Down syndrome is the trisomy of chromosome 21.

d.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Since the children of both Bill and his sister have Down syndrome, this reflects that both Bill and his sister must be carrier for Robertsonian translocation. One of the chromosomes produced by Robertsonian translocation has long arms of both chromosome 14 and chromosome 21 and the other chromosome have short arms of both chromosome 14 and chromosome 21. The chromosome having short arms is lost. Hence, both Bill and his sisters will have 45 chromosomes. So, the statement that Bill’s sister has 45 chromosomes is correct.

Answer 25

d.

Summary Introduction

To explain:

Whether the statement Bill’s sister has 45 chromosomes is correct or incorrect.

Introduction:

Trisomy is the addition of a single chromosome in the whole set of chromosome. Addition of single chromosome refers to the gain of one extra homologous copy of individual chromosome. Trisomy is represented as 2n+1. Down syndrome is the trisomy of chromosome 21.

Answer 26

d.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Since the children of both Bill and his sister have Down syndrome, this reflects that both Bill and his sister must be carrier for Robertsonian translocation. One of the chromosomes produced by Robertsonian translocation has long arms of both chromosome 14 and chromosome 21 and the other chromosome have short arms of both chromosome 14 and chromosome 21. The chromosome having short arms is lost. Hence, both Bill and his sisters will have 45 chromosomes. So, the statement that Bill’s sister has 45 chromosomes is correct.

Answer 27

d.

Expert Solution

Answer 28

d.

Expert Solution

Answer 29

Expert Solution

Answer 30

d.

Summary Introduction

To explain:

Whether the statement Bill’s sister has 45 chromosomes is correct or incorrect.

Introduction:

Trisomy is the addition of a single chromosome in the whole set of chromosome. Addition of single chromosome refers to the gain of one extra homologous copy of individual chromosome. Trisomy is represented as 2n+1. Down syndrome is the trisomy of chromosome 21.

d.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Since the children of both Bill and his sister have Down syndrome, this reflects that both Bill and his sister must be carrier for Robertsonian translocation. One of the chromosomes produced by Robertsonian translocation has long arms of both chromosome 14 and chromosome 21 and the other chromosome have short arms of both chromosome 14 and chromosome 21. The chromosome having short arms is lost. Hence, both Bill and his sisters will have 45 chromosomes. So, the statement that Bill’s sister has 45 chromosomes is correct.

Answer 31

d.

Summary Introduction

To explain:

Whether the statement Bill’s sister has 45 chromosomes is correct or incorrect.

Introduction:

Trisomy is the addition of a single chromosome in the whole set of chromosome. Addition of single chromosome refers to the gain of one extra homologous copy of individual chromosome. Trisomy is represented as 2n+1. Down syndrome is the trisomy of chromosome 21.

Answer 32

d.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Since the children of both Bill and his sister have Down syndrome, this reflects that both Bill and his sister must be carrier for Robertsonian translocation. One of the chromosomes produced by Robertsonian translocation has long arms of both chromosome 14 and chromosome 21 and the other chromosome have short arms of both chromosome 14 and chromosome 21. The chromosome having short arms is lost. Hence, both Bill and his sisters will have 45 chromosomes. So, the statement that Bill’s sister has 45 chromosomes is correct.

Answer 33

d.

Expert Solution

Answer 34

d.

Expert Solution

Answer 35

Expert Solution

Answer 36

e.

Summary Introduction

To explain:

Whether the statement that Bill has 46 chromosome is correct or incorrect.

Introduction:

Trisomy is the addition of a single chromosome in the whole set of chromosome. Addition of single chromosome refers to the gain of one extra homologous copy of individual chromosome. Trisomy is represented as 2n+1. Down syndrome is the trisomy of chromosome 21.

e.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

The children of Bill have Down syndrome. The Down syndrome is passed from Bill as no history of Betty is given. Bill is the carrier of translocation of chromosome 21. So, he must be having 45 chromosomes. So, the statement that Bill has 45 chromosomes is correct.

Answer 37

e.

Summary Introduction

To explain:

Whether the statement that Bill has 46 chromosome is correct or incorrect.

Introduction:

Trisomy is the addition of a single chromosome in the whole set of chromosome. Addition of single chromosome refers to the gain of one extra homologous copy of individual chromosome. Trisomy is represented as 2n+1. Down syndrome is the trisomy of chromosome 21.

Answer 38

e.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

The children of Bill have Down syndrome. The Down syndrome is passed from Bill as no history of Betty is given. Bill is the carrier of translocation of chromosome 21. So, he must be having 45 chromosomes. So, the statement that Bill has 45 chromosomes is correct.

Answer 39

e.

Expert Solution

Answer 40

e.

Expert Solution

Answer 41

Expert Solution

Answer 42

f.

Summary Introduction

To explain:

Whether the statement Betty has 45 chromosomes is correct or incorrect.

Introduction:

Trisomy is the addition of a single chromosome in the whole set of chromosome. Addition of single chromosome refers to the gain of one extra homologous copy of individual chromosome. Trisomy is represented as 2n+1. Down syndrome is the trisomy of chromosome 21.

f.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

The children of Bill have Down syndrome. In the family of Bill, familial Down syndrome is getting transmitted. So Bill is the carrier of Robertsonian translocation, and Betty has normal number of chromosomes. So, the statement that Betty has 45 chromosomes is incorrect.

Answer 43

f.

Summary Introduction

To explain:

Whether the statement Betty has 45 chromosomes is correct or incorrect.

Introduction:

Trisomy is the addition of a single chromosome in the whole set of chromosome. Addition of single chromosome refers to the gain of one extra homologous copy of individual chromosome. Trisomy is represented as 2n+1. Down syndrome is the trisomy of chromosome 21.

Answer 44

f.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

The children of Bill have Down syndrome. In the family of Bill, familial Down syndrome is getting transmitted. So Bill is the carrier of Robertsonian translocation, and Betty has normal number of chromosomes. So, the statement that Betty has 45 chromosomes is incorrect.

Answer 45

f.

Expert Solution

Answer 46

f.

Expert Solution

Answer 47

Expert Solution

Answer 48

g.

Summary Introduction

To explain:

Whether the statement Bill’s brother has 45 chromosomes is correct or incorrect.

Introduction:

Trisomy is the addition of a single chromosome in the whole set of chromosome. Addition of single chromosome refers to the gain of one extra homologous copy of individual chromosome. Trisomy is represented as 2n+1. Down syndrome is the trisomy of chromosome 21.

g.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Bill’s brother has Down syndrome and he is not the carrier for Robertsonian translocation. He must be having 47 chromosomes. So, the statement that Bill’s brother has 45 chromosomes is incorrect.

Conclusion

Down syndrome is the trisomy of chromosome 21. It is of two types, namely- primary Down syndrome and Familial Down syndrome. Familial Down syndrome is produced by Robertsonian translocation and primary Down syndrome is caused by nondisjunction of chromosome 21. The carrier of Familial Down syndrome has 45 chromosomes whereas person with Down syndrome have 47 chromosomes.

Answer 49

g.

Summary Introduction

To explain:

Whether the statement Bill’s brother has 45 chromosomes is correct or incorrect.

Introduction:

Trisomy is the addition of a single chromosome in the whole set of chromosome. Addition of single chromosome refers to the gain of one extra homologous copy of individual chromosome. Trisomy is represented as 2n+1. Down syndrome is the trisomy of chromosome 21.

Answer 50

g.

Expert Solution

Explanation of Solution

Bill’s brother has Down syndrome and he is not the carrier for Robertsonian translocation. He must be having 47 chromosomes. So, the statement that Bill’s brother has 45 chromosomes is incorrect.

Answer 51

g.

Expert Solution

Answer 52

g.

Expert Solution

Answer 53

Expert Solution

Answer 54

Conclusion

Down syndrome is the trisomy of chromosome 21. It is of two types, namely- primary Down syndrome and Familial Down syndrome. Familial Down syndrome is produced by Robertsonian translocation and primary Down syndrome is caused by nondisjunction of chromosome 21. The carrier of Familial Down syndrome has 45 chromosomes whereas person with Down syndrome have 47 chromosomes.