Chapter 8.12, Problem 27P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The alkane with molecular formula ${\text{C}}_5{\text{H}}_{12}$ forms only one mono-chlorinated product when it is heated with ${\text{Cl}}_{\text{2}}$ should be given.

Concept Introduction:

Radical chlorination of alkanes:

Alkanes are react with chlorine in the present of light or heat to produce chlorinated product. This chlorination occur via radical mechanism.

In this mechanism, the formation of chlorine radical is abstract a hydrogen from alkane to make a stable alkyl radical, this stable radical is react with another chlorine radical to give chlorinated product.

The stability order of alkyl radical is,

Tertiary > secondary > primary

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The alkane with molecular formula ${\text{C}}_7{\text{H}}_{\text{16}}$ forms seven mono-chlorinated products when it is heated with ${\text{Cl}}_{\text{2}}$ should be given.

Concept Introduction:

Radical chlorination of alkanes:

Alkanes are react with chlorine in the present of light or heat to produce chlorinated product. This chlorination occur via radical mechanism.

In this mechanism, the formation of chlorine radical is abstract a hydrogen from alkane to make a stable alkyl radical, this stable radical is react with another chlorine radical to give chlorinated product.

The stability order of alkyl radical is,

Tertiary > secondary > primary