Chemistry
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780078021510
Author: Raymond Chang Dr., Kenneth Goldsby Professor
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Videos
Textbook Question
Chapter 8, Problem 8.89QP
For each pair of elements listed, give three properties that show their chemical similarity: (a) sodium and potassium, (b) chlorine and bromine.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
2) i) options: dehydrating agent
steel production
sewage treatment
oxidizer for rocket fuels
ii) options: fractional distillation of liquid air
photosynthesis
electrolysis of water
decomposition of hydrogen peroxide
Arrange in order of increasing nonmetallic character. (Use the appropriate <, =, or > symbol to separate substances in the list.)
(a) the Period 4 elements V, Ge, and K
(b) the Group 5A elements N, As, and Bi
Arrange in order of increasing atomic size. (Use the appropriate <, =, or > symbol to separate substances in the list.)
(a) the Period 3 elements Mg, Si, and Ar (b) the Group 2A elements Ca, Ba, and Sr
When a nonmetal oxide reacts with water, it forms an oxoacid with the same oxidation number as the nonmetal. Give the name and formula of the oxide used to prepare each of these oxoacids: (a) hypochlorous acid; (b) chlorous acid; (c) chloric acid; (d) perchloric acid; (e) sulfuric acid; (f ) sulfurous acid; (g) nitric acid; (h) nitrous acid; (i) carbonic acid; ( j) phosphoric acid.
Chapter 8 Solutions
Chemistry
Ch. 8.2 - An atom of a certain element has 20 electrons. (a)...Ch. 8.2 - Identify the elements that fit the following...Ch. 8.3 - Prob. 2PECh. 8.3 - Prob. 1RCCh. 8.3 - Prob. 3PECh. 8.3 - Identify the spheres shown here with each of the...Ch. 8.4 - (a) Which of the following atoms should have a...Ch. 8.4 - Label the plots shown here for the first, second,...Ch. 8.5 - Is it likely that Ar will form the anion Ar?Ch. 8.5 - Why is it possible to measure the successive...
Ch. 8.6 - Classify the following oxides as acidic, basic, or...Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 1RCCh. 8 - Briefly describe the significance of Mendeleevs...Ch. 8 - What is Moseleys contribution to the modern...Ch. 8 - Describe the general layout of a modern periodic...Ch. 8 - What is the most important relationship among...Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.5QPCh. 8 - Prob. 8.6QPCh. 8 - Prob. 8.7QPCh. 8 - What is a representative element? Give names and...Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.9QPCh. 8 - Prob. 8.10QPCh. 8 - You are given a dark shiny solid and asked to...Ch. 8 - What are valence electrons? For representative...Ch. 8 - Write the outer electron configurations for the...Ch. 8 - Use the first-row transition metals (Sc to Cu) as...Ch. 8 - The electron configurations of ions derived from...Ch. 8 - What do we mean when we say that two ions or an...Ch. 8 - What is wrong with the statement The atoms of...Ch. 8 - Give three examples of first-row transition metal...Ch. 8 - In the periodic table, the element hydrogen is...Ch. 8 - A neutral atom of a certain element has 17...Ch. 8 - Group the following electron configurations in...Ch. 8 - Group the following electron configurations in...Ch. 8 - Without referring to a periodic table, write the...Ch. 8 - Specify the group of the periodic table in which...Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.25QPCh. 8 - A metal ion with a net +3 charge has five...Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.27QPCh. 8 - Write the ground-state electron configurations of...Ch. 8 - Write the ground-state electron configurations of...Ch. 8 - Name the ions with +3 charges that have the...Ch. 8 - Which of the following species are isoelectronic...Ch. 8 - Group the species that are isoelectronic: Be2+, F,...Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.33QPCh. 8 - How does atomic radius change (a) from left to...Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.35QPCh. 8 - Explain why, for isoelectronic ions, the anions...Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.37QPCh. 8 - Arrange the following atoms in order of decreasing...Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.39QPCh. 8 - Which is the smallest atom in Group 7A?Ch. 8 - Why is the radius of the lithium atom considerably...Ch. 8 - Use the second period of the periodic table as an...Ch. 8 - Indicate which one of the two species in each of...Ch. 8 - List the following ions in order of increasing...Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.45QPCh. 8 - Explain which of the following anions is larger,...Ch. 8 - Give the physical states (gas, liquid, or solid)...Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.48QPCh. 8 - Prob. 8.49QPCh. 8 - Sketch the outline of the periodic table and show...Ch. 8 - Arrange the following in order of increasing first...Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.52QPCh. 8 - Prob. 8.53QPCh. 8 - In general, ionization energy increases from left...Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.55QPCh. 8 - Two atoms have the electron configurations...Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.57QPCh. 8 - Plasma is a state of matter consisting of positive...Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.59QPCh. 8 - Prob. 8.60QPCh. 8 - Arrange the elements in each of the following...Ch. 8 - Specify which of the following elements you would...Ch. 8 - Considering their electron affinities, do you...Ch. 8 - Explain why alkali metals have a greater affinity...Ch. 8 - What is meant by the diagonal relationship? Name...Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.66QPCh. 8 - Use the alkali metals and alkaline earth metals as...Ch. 8 - Based on your knowledge of the chemistry of the...Ch. 8 - As a group, the noble gases are very stable...Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.70QPCh. 8 - Prob. 8.71QPCh. 8 - Write balanced equations for the reactions between...Ch. 8 - Write formulas for and name the binary hydrogen...Ch. 8 - Which oxide is more basic, MgO or BaO? Why?Ch. 8 - State whether each of the following properties of...Ch. 8 - With reference to the periodic table, name (a) a...Ch. 8 - Write equations representing the following...Ch. 8 - List all the common ions of representative...Ch. 8 - Write the empirical (or molecular) formulas of...Ch. 8 - Element M is a shiny and highly reactive metal...Ch. 8 - Match each of the elements on the right with its...Ch. 8 - Arrange the following species in isoelectronic...Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.83QPCh. 8 - Which of the following properties show a clear...Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.85QPCh. 8 - Prob. 8.86QPCh. 8 - Prob. 8.88QPCh. 8 - For each pair of elements listed, give three...Ch. 8 - Name the element that forms compounds, under...Ch. 8 - Explain why the first electron affinity of sulfur...Ch. 8 - The H ion and the He atom have two 1s electrons...Ch. 8 - Predict the products of the following oxides with...Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.94QPCh. 8 - Prob. 8.95QPCh. 8 - Prob. 8.96QPCh. 8 - Prob. 8.97QPCh. 8 - The formula for calculating the energies of an...Ch. 8 - Why do noble gases have negative electron affinity...Ch. 8 - The atomic radius of K is 227 pm and that of K+ is...Ch. 8 - The atomic radius of F is 72 pm and that of F is...Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.102QPCh. 8 - Referring to the Chemistry in Action essay...Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.104QPCh. 8 - Prob. 8.105QPCh. 8 - Prob. 8.106QPCh. 8 - Identify the ions whose orbital diagrams for the...Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.108QPCh. 8 - Prob. 8.109QPCh. 8 - Prob. 8.110QPCh. 8 - Explain, in terms of their electron...Ch. 8 - The standard enthalpy of atomization of an element...Ch. 8 - Write the formulas and names of the hydrides of...Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.114QPCh. 8 - Prob. 8.115QPCh. 8 - Prob. 8.116QPCh. 8 - Write a balanced equation for the preparation of...Ch. 8 - Write chemical formulas for oxides of nitrogen...Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.119QPCh. 8 - In general, atomic radius and ionization energy...Ch. 8 - Explain why the electron affinity of nitrogen is...Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.122QPCh. 8 - Write a balanced equation that predicts the...Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.124QPCh. 8 - Prob. 8.125QPCh. 8 - Prob. 8.126QPCh. 8 - Prob. 8.127QPCh. 8 - Predict the atomic number and ground-state...Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.129QPCh. 8 - Prob. 8.130QPCh. 8 - Prob. 8.131QPCh. 8 - Prob. 8.132QPCh. 8 - Prob. 8.133QPCh. 8 - Both Mg2+ and Ca2+ are important biological ions....Ch. 8 - Match each of the elements on the right with its...Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.136QPCh. 8 - On the same graph, plot the effective nuclear...Ch. 8 - One allotropic form of an element X is a colorless...Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.139QPCh. 8 - Prob. 8.140QPCh. 8 - Use your knowledge of thermochemistry to calculate...Ch. 8 - Referring to Table 8.2, explain why the first...Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.143QPCh. 8 - One way to estimate the effective charge (Zeff) of...Ch. 8 - To prevent the formation of oxides, peroxides, and...Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.146QPCh. 8 - Recent theoretical calculations suggest that...Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.148IMECh. 8 - Compare the work function for cesium (206 kJ/mol)...Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.150IMECh. 8 - Prob. 8.151IMECh. 8 - Prob. 8.152IMECh. 8 - Using the following boiling-point data, estimate...Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.154IMECh. 8 - Prob. 8.155IME
Additional Science Textbook Solutions
Find more solutions based on key concepts
Q1. What is the empirical formula of a compound with the molecular formula
Chemistry: A Molecular Approach (4th Edition)
Practice Problem 1.22 Which of the following alkenes can exist as cis-trans isomers? Write their structures. Bu...
Organic Chemistry
Determine the de Brogue wavelength of a. an electron moving at 1/10 the speed of light. b. a 400 g Frisbee movi...
Inorganic Chemistry
The active ingredient in Tylenol and a host of other over-the-counter pain relievers is acetaminophen (C8H9NO2)...
Chemistry: Atoms First
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, chemistry and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Choose one group of representative elements (main group elements) and discuss its chemistry by specifying (i) one of its properties, (ii) citing one important reaction that one member of the group undergoes (write the chemical equation), and (iii) mentioning one of the applications/uses of the members of the group. Your answers to i-iii must consist of no more than 20 words each.arrow_forwardBoron, atomic number 5, occurs naturally as two isotopes, 10B and 11B, with natural abundances of 19.9% and 80.1%, respectively.(a) In what ways do the two isotopes differ from each other? Does the electronic configuration of 10B differ from that of 11B? (b) Drawthe orbital diagram for an atom of 11B. Which electrons are the valence electrons? (c) Indicate three ways in which the 1s electrons inboron differ from its 2s electrons. (d) Elemental boron reacts with fluorine to form BF3, a gas. Write a balanced chemical equation forthe reaction of solid boron with fluorine gas. (e) ΔHf° for BF31g2 is -1135.6 kJ>mol. Calculate the standard enthalpy change in thereaction of boron with fluorine. (f) Will the mass percentage of F be the same in 10BF3 and 11BF3? If not, why is that the case?arrow_forwardClassify each of the following elements as a main-group or transition element. Also,specify whether they are metals, metalloids, or nonmetals: Na, Re, S, I, Kr, Mg, U, Si, B, Al, As, H.arrow_forward
- Atoms of each of the following elements are essential for life. Give the group name for the following elements:(a) chlorine(b) calcium(c) sodium(d) sulfurarrow_forward(b) A new element, "X", is discovered and found to have 2 electrons in its outer level. Is X a metal or non-metal? Predict the formula its ion would have in any ionic compounds it forms.arrow_forwardQ1. This question is about atomic structure. (a) Write the full electron configuration for each of the following species. CH Fe2+ (b) Write an equation, including state symbols, to represent the process that occurs when the third ionisation energy of manganese is measured. (c) State which of the elements magnesium and aluminium has the lower first ionisation energy Explain your answer. (d) A sample of nickel was analysed in a time of flight (TOF) mass spectrometer. The sample was ionised by electron impact ionisation. The spectrum produced showed three peaks with abundances as set out in the table. m/z Abundance /% 58 61.0 60 29.1 61 9.9 Give the symbol, including mass number, of the ion that would reach the detector first in the sample. Calculate the relative atomic mass of the nickel in the sample. Give your answer to one decimal place. Page 2 of 12 Symbol of ion Relative atomic massarrow_forward
- (c) Silicon (Si) is the most common chemical element in today's semiconductor industry. It has an atomic number of 14 and belongs to the Group IV (4) of the periodic table with its most common isotope being Si-29. (i) (ii) (iii) Explain what an isotope is. How many protons and how many neutrons are in the nucleus of this Silicon isotope? What is the electron configuration of Si?arrow_forwardArrange in order of increasing atomic size. (a) the period 3 elements Cl, Na, and Ar (b) the Group 2A elements Ca, Be, and Mgarrow_forward3. Classify each of the following elements as a noble gas, a representative element, a transition element, or an inner-transition element. Also state whether the element is paramagnetic or diamagnetic: (a) potassium; (b) phosphorous; (c) promethium; (d) platinum; (e) krypton.arrow_forward
- Identify each statement as true or false: (a) Cations are largerthan their corresponding neutral atoms. (b) Li+ is smallerthan Li. (c) Cl- is bigger than I-.arrow_forward10 (c) An element T has a melting point of 30°C and a boiling point of 2440 °C. It conducts electricity at room temperature. It burns in oxygen to form an oxide with formula T₂O₂ which can react with both acids and bases. T also forms a compound with fluorine, which has a high melting point and conducts electricity in molten form. The approximate relative atomic mass of T is 70. (1) What type of oxide is T,O,? (i) Give two properties that indicate that T is probably a metal. 1. 2 (iii) Predict the formula for the fluoride of T E [1] [2] N [1] (iv) What are the products of the electrolysis of the molten fluoride of using inert electrodes? and (v) In which group and period of the Periodic Table will T be placed? group period 21 2) (vi) Write the symbol of the element in the Periodic Table which most closely resembles T.arrow_forwardFill in the blanks:(a) The symbol and atomic number of the heaviest nonradioac-tive noble gas are __and__ .(b) The symbol and group number of the Period 5 transition ele-ment whose atoms have the fewest protons are __ and __ .(c) The elements in Group 6A(16) are sometimes called thechalcogens.The symbol and atomic number of the first metallicchalcogen are__ and __ .(d) The symbol and number of protons of the Period 4 alkalimetal atom are __and __.arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Principles of Modern ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305079113Author:David W. Oxtoby, H. Pat Gillis, Laurie J. ButlerPublisher:Cengage Learning
Introduction to General, Organic and BiochemistryChemistryISBN:9781285869759Author:Frederick A. Bettelheim, William H. Brown, Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Omar TorresPublisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry & Chemical ReactivityChemistryISBN:9781133949640Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David TreichelPublisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry & Chemical ReactivityChemistryISBN:9781337399074Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David TreichelPublisher:Cengage Learning
ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305957404Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCostePublisher:Cengage Learning
Principles of Modern Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:9781305079113
Author:David W. Oxtoby, H. Pat Gillis, Laurie J. Butler
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Introduction to General, Organic and Biochemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:9781285869759
Author:Frederick A. Bettelheim, William H. Brown, Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Omar Torres
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry & Chemical Reactivity
Chemistry
ISBN:9781133949640
Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David Treichel
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry & Chemical Reactivity
Chemistry
ISBN:9781337399074
Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David Treichel
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:9781305957404
Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Periodic Properties of Elements | Chemistry | IIT-JEE | NEET | CBSE | Misostudy; Author: Misostudy;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L26rRWz4_AI;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY
Periodic Trends: Electronegativity, Ionization Energy, Atomic Radius - TUTOR HOTLINE; Author: Melissa Maribel;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0h8q1GIQ-H4;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY