Chapter 8, Problem 8.66QP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The chemical properties of francium, the last member of the alkali metals group has to be predicted.

Concept Introduction:

First ionization energy: The ionization energy is the minimum energy required to remove the electron from an isolated atom which is in the gaseous state results to give gaseous ion with one positive charge.

Down the group, first ionization energy decreases.

Effective nuclear charge $Z_{\text{eff}}$ is the net nuclear charge experienced by an electron when the whole nuclear charge and the shielding of other electrons are considered.

Across the period, effective nuclear charge increases from left to right. Down the group, effective nuclear charge decreases from top to bottom.

Oxide is the compound formed when oxygen reacts with another element. Oxides formed with metals are basic

In a group, the metallic character of an element increases from top to bottom whereas in a period, it decreases from left to right.