Organic Chemistry, Loose-leaf Version
Organic Chemistry, Loose-leaf Version
8th Edition
ISBN: 9781305865549
Author: William H. Brown, Brent L. Iverson, Eric Anslyn, Christopher S. Foote
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 8, Problem 8.21P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

A second chain propagation step in the given reaction has to be proposed.

Concept introduction:

Halogenation of alkanes: The replacement of one or more hydrogen atoms by halogen. When alkanes is heated or irradiated with the light of specific wavelength, the alkyl halide are formed by radical chain reaction.

Radical chain reaction:

Initiation reaction: Organic Chemistry, Loose-leaf Version, Chapter 8, Problem 8.21P , additional homework tip  1

Chain propagation: Organic Chemistry, Loose-leaf Version, Chapter 8, Problem 8.21P , additional homework tip  2

Chain termination:

Organic Chemistry, Loose-leaf Version, Chapter 8, Problem 8.21P , additional homework tip  3

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Heat of the reaction, ΔH0 for each propagation step has to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

Halogenation of alkanes: The replacement of one or more hydrogen atoms by halogen. When alkanes is heated or irradiated with the light of specific wavelength, the alkyl halide are formed by radical chain reaction.

Radical chain reaction:

Initiation reaction: Organic Chemistry, Loose-leaf Version, Chapter 8, Problem 8.21P , additional homework tip  4

Chain propagation: Organic Chemistry, Loose-leaf Version, Chapter 8, Problem 8.21P , additional homework tip  5

Chain termination:

Organic Chemistry, Loose-leaf Version, Chapter 8, Problem 8.21P , additional homework tip  6

Bond dissociation energy is a measure of bond strength in a chemical bond.

It is a change in enthalpy of a homolysis reaction at absolute zero where a molecule is broken down into two free radicals.

ΔH0=BDE(broken)BDE(formed)

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The energies and relative rates of the set chain propagation steps in section 8.5B with given reaction has to be compared.

Concept introduction:

Halogenation of alkanes: The replacement of one or more hydrogen atoms by halogen. When alkanes is heated or irradiated with the light of specific wavelength, the alkyl halide are formed by radical chain reaction.

Radical chain reaction:

Initiation reaction: Organic Chemistry, Loose-leaf Version, Chapter 8, Problem 8.21P , additional homework tip  7

Chain propagation: Organic Chemistry, Loose-leaf Version, Chapter 8, Problem 8.21P , additional homework tip  8

Chain termination:

Organic Chemistry, Loose-leaf Version, Chapter 8, Problem 8.21P , additional homework tip  9

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1) a) Give the dominant Intermolecular Force (IMF) in a sample of each of the following compounds. Please show your work. (8) SF2, CH,OH, C₂H₂ b) Based on your answers given above, list the compounds in order of their Boiling Point from low to high. (8)
19.78 Write the products of the following sequences of reactions. Refer to your reaction road- maps to see how the combined reactions allow you to "navigate" between the different functional groups. Note that you will need your old Chapters 6-11 and Chapters 15-18 roadmaps along with your new Chapter 19 roadmap for these. (a) 1. BHS 2. H₂O₂ 3. H₂CrO4 4. SOCI₂ (b) 1. Cl₂/hv 2. KOLBU 3. H₂O, catalytic H₂SO4 4. H₂CrO4 Reaction Roadmap An alkene 5. EtOH 6.0.5 Equiv. NaOEt/EtOH 7. Mild H₂O An alkane 1.0 2. (CH3)₂S 3. H₂CrO (d) (c) 4. Excess EtOH, catalytic H₂SO OH 4. Mild H₂O* 5.0.5 Equiv. NaOEt/EtOH An alkene 6. Mild H₂O* A carboxylic acid 7. Mild H₂O* 1. SOC₁₂ 2. EtOH 3.0.5 Equiv. NaOEt/E:OH 5.1.0 Equiv. NaOEt 6. NH₂ (e) 1. 0.5 Equiv. NaOEt/EtOH 2. Mild H₂O* Br (f) i H An aldehyde 1. Catalytic NaOE/EtOH 2. H₂O*, heat 3. (CH,CH₂)₂Culi 4. Mild H₂O* 5.1.0 Equiv. LDA Br An ester 4. NaOH, H₂O 5. Mild H₂O* 6. Heat 7. MgBr 8. Mild H₂O* 7. Mild H₂O+
Li+ is a hard acid.  With this in mind, which if the following compounds should be most soluble in water? Group of answer choices LiBr LiI LiF LiCl
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