Chapter 8, Problem 8.11P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The number of electrons in an atom that can have $n=2$, $l=1$ quantum number is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The quantum numbers provide complete information about the electron. There are four quantum numbers as follows:

1. The principal quantum number and it is represented by n. It tells about the shell to which the electron belongs.

2. The azimuthal quantum number and it is represented by l. It tells about the subshell of the electrons.

3. The magnetic quantum number and it is represented by $m_l$. It tells about the orbitals present in the subshell. The value of $m_l$ ranges from $l$ to $-l$ including 0.

4. The spin quantum number and it is represented by $m_s$. It tells about the spin of the electron and its value can either be $+\frac{\text{1}}{\text{2}}$ or $-\frac{\text{1}}{\text{2}}$.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The number of electrons that an atom with sublevel designation $3d$ is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The quantum numbers provide complete information about the electron. There are four quantum numbers as follows:

1. The principal quantum number and it is represented by n. It tells about the shell to which the electron belongs.

2. The azimuthal quantum number and it is represented by l. It tells about the subshell of the electrons.

3. The magnetic quantum number and it is represented by $m_l$. It tells about the orbitals present in the subshell. The value of $m_l$ ranges from $l$ to $-l$ including 0.

4. The spin quantum number and it is represented by $m_s$. It tells about the spin of the electron and its value can either be $+\frac{\text{1}}{\text{2}}$ or $-\frac{\text{1}}{\text{2}}$.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The number of electrons that an atom with sublevel designation $4s$ is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The quantum numbers provide complete information about the electron. There are four quantum numbers as follows:

1. The principal quantum number and it is represented by n. It tells about the shell to which the electron belongs.

2. The azimuthal quantum number and it is represented by l. It tells about the subshell of the electrons.

3. The magnetic quantum number and it is represented by $m_l$. It tells about the orbitals present in the subshell. The value of $m_l$ ranges from $l$ to $-l$ including 0.

4. The spin quantum number and it is represented by $m_s$. It tells about the spin of the electron and its value can either be $+\frac{\text{1}}{\text{2}}$ or $-\frac{\text{1}}{\text{2}}$.