Biology: Science for Life with Physiology (5th Edition)
5th Edition
ISBN: 9780321922212
Author: Colleen Belk, Virginia Borden Maier
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 8, Problem 7LTB
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
DNA is a chain of polynucleotide. A
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Match the following terms with their definitions and label each component of the PCR mixture in the diagram (use the letters A-D):I. DNA polymeraseII. PrimersIII. NucleotidesIV. Genomic DNA template
A. DNA that contains the target sequence that will be replicated using PCR.B. An enzyme that copies the DNA sequence.C. A mixture of 4 nucleotides (A,G,C, and T) that will be polymerized into the replicated DNA sequence.D. A short DNA sequence that allows the enzyme to bind and initiate polymerization.
Please answer these two questions regarding PCR:
a) Why do you need to perform PCR on DNA obtained from a crime scene?
b) Why so forensic labs analyze non-coding DNA rather than genes?
For each situation, write the letter of the technique that would be most helpful;
A. DNA editing
A doctor wants to know if a patient has an inherited
using CRISPR
B. DNA replication
using PCR
C. DNA analysis
through genetic
testing
D. DNA insertion
16.
disorder.
I
A scientist needs many copies of a gene to conduct an
17.
experiment.
A genetic engineer wants to replace a defective copy of
a gene with a functional copy in a chromosome.
18.
into bacteria as a
plasmid
A medical researcher needs many copies of a protein
19.
(insulin) to be produced to use in a medical treatment.
A researcher crossed two purebred shrubs of the same species. One produces a fruit with a thin skin, and one
produces a fruit with a thick skin. All of the plants resulting from the cross produce fruits with thick skins. Enter
one letter in each blanks (19 & 20) to correctly complete the sentences.
ninate Education TM, Inc.
Chapter 8 Solutions
Biology: Science for Life with Physiology (5th Edition)
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- Can you help me with this question, please? What are the advantages of qPCR (RT-PCR) compared to conventional PCR? Choose all that apply a. human error is reduced as there are fewer human interactions with the samples b. you can visualize the results as the process is running c. samples can be compared as to the amount of template DNA in the original sample d. more samples can be run in a day by one personarrow_forwardChoose the correct statements from the list below. There may be more than one correct statement. A) If you start with 2 DNA templates, after four rounds of PCR you'll have 32 copies B) PCR is useful in making millions or billions of copies of a gene so that it is present in a quantity large enough to study C) quantitative PCR is very similar to PCR, but fluorescent probes are added so that we can measure how much PCR product exists by examining how much the reaction fluoresces D) In real-time reverse transcriptase PCR, the RNA is used as a template to make a cDNA copy (through reverse transcriptase)arrow_forwardWhich of the following best describes the complete sequence of steps occurring during every cycle of PCR? I-The primers hybridize to the target DNA. II-The mixture is heated to a high temperature to denature the double stranded target DNA. III-Fresh DNA polymerase is added. IV-DNA polymerase extends the primers to make a copy of the target DNA. A) II, I, IV. B) I, III, II, IV. C) III, IV, I, II. D) III, IV, II. E) II, III, IV.arrow_forward
- 1 2 Today's technology has made it easier to quickly and accurately generate DNA profiles. In this part of the activity, you will model the process yourself to solve a crime. Good luck, detective! Crime Report: A thief has stolen a priceless collection of jewels from the Museum of Precious Jewels. Forensic technicians obtained skin cells from a forehead print left on the glass enclosure of the jewel exhibit. DNA has been isolated and PCR amplified for some of the standard STR loci. A partial genetic profile generated from the collected DNA is shown in Figure 5. 10 50 DNA Profile from Forehead Print Number of base pairs 00 50 40 D58818 075830 I 16 MU DES1179 Shandand (10) 70 CSF1PO DITS820 80 100 Figure 5. The DNA profile of the forehead print from the scene of the crime. Each colored line shows the alleles for one of four of the core CODIS STR loci (D5S818, CSF1PO, D7S820, D8S1179). and data for the four STR loci that were included in the A suspect was identified in the case. Her DNA…arrow_forwardYou are preparing to amplify a DNA sample using PCR and add the following to your set-up: forward primers, no dNTPs, and Taq polymerase. What will be the end result of your PCR? a) PCR would proceed normally b) Non-specific PCR of random templates will occur c) The reaction will cease after a few cycles d) The PCR reaction will not occur.arrow_forwardExplain why DNA ladders are usually included during gel electrophoresis. One aspect of PCR that can be modified is the annealing temperature. In general, higher annealing temperatures show more specificity towards a single template, whereas lower annealing temperatures show less specificity and may bind to multiple regions throughout the genome. Discuss how using an annealing temperature that is too high or too low might influence the results of a PCR assay (and gel electrophoresis results) such as the one used in this study.arrow_forward
- Brenda is a junior student in the biomedical program at her school. She is starting the PCR genetic testing lab activity. She is about to obtain her DNA sample but doesn’t want like the taste of NaCl solution. Her friend, Mark, let her use some of his DNA. What laboratory tule did the students break? A. Obtaining and handling DNA sample without wearing googles or gloves B. Improper use of human DNA samples C. Violating Patient Confidentiality D. Disposing of bio hazardous material in a regular trasharrow_forwardPage < Lab Procedure: The forensic specialist sends you the DNA from the crime scene (CS), and DNA from four different suspects (suspects A, B, C, D). You perform a PCR with each DNA sample. Using primers specific to the DNA sequences on either side of the STR, you amplify billions of copies of each of the two original TH01 alleles in each DNA sample (CS, A, B, C, and D). Then you run an agarose gel (DNA gel electrophoresis), which separates the DNA fragments by size. You obtained the following results (picture of DNA gel): CS A B C D Ladderarrow_forwardName the five key tools for accomplishing the tasks of recombinant DNA technology.also mention the function of each tool.arrow_forward
- The other options are: a. RNA cannot be digested by restriction enzymes b. RNA is small enough to be resolved on an agarose gel without the need for restriction digestion. c. RNA is single stranded and DNA is double strandedarrow_forwardDescribe the method of a PCR technique in which you can amplify fragments randomly? Briefly.arrow_forwardBriefly Explain the role of restriction enzymes in recombinant DNA technology. Please explain at your own words.arrow_forward
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