Chemistry: Principles and Reactions
8th Edition
ISBN: 9781305079373
Author: William L. Masterton, Cecile N. Hurley
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 8, Problem 50QAP
When one mole of ethylene gas, C2H4, reacts with fluorine gas, hydrogen fluoride and carbon tetrafluoride gases are formed and 2496.7 kJ of heat are given off. What is ΔHf° for CF4(g)?
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use the information in the pK table below to determine which side of the equilibrium is favored for each of the reactions in the second table.
acid
PK
acid
pK
NH₁₂
36
CH₁₂-C=CH
NH3
36
CHÍNH.
25
15.9
OH
10.8
CH,SH
10.3
он
10.0
ii
9
-2
CH3
он
SH₂
-6.8
OH
OH
-6.1
CH,SH₂
-7
ii
CH,SH2 +
+
Equilibrium Equation
CHÍNH,
CHÍNH
+
en.,--n
CH3
ii
CH,SH +
он
CH3NH₁₂
+ CH3NH
ii
+
-OH +
OH
Left
Right
Favored
Equal
Favored
Don't used Ai solution
Draw the simplest mechanism possible for the reaction below. You may need to re-draw structures to show bond lines or lone pairs.
H
H
HA
H-C-C
H
Н
HICH
-H
H-C-C-C-H
+
H
Н
H H
Chapter 8 Solutions
Chemistry: Principles and Reactions
Ch. 8 - Principles of Heat Flow Titanium is a metal used...Ch. 8 - Prob. 2QAPCh. 8 - Copper is used in building the integrated...Ch. 8 - Mercury was once used in thermometers and...Ch. 8 - The specific heat of aluminum is 0.902J/gC. How...Ch. 8 - Chromium has a specific heat of 0.450J/gC. How...Ch. 8 - Magnesium sulfate is often used in first-aid hot...Ch. 8 - Sodium chloride is added in cooking to enhance the...Ch. 8 - When 375 mL of water (d=1.00g/mL) at 32C are mixed...Ch. 8 - How many mL of water at 10C (2 significant...
Ch. 8 - When one mol of KOH is neutralized by sulfuric...Ch. 8 - The heat of neutralization, Hneut, can be defined...Ch. 8 - Fructose is a sugar commonly found in fruit. A...Ch. 8 - In earlier times, ethyl ether was commonly used as...Ch. 8 - Isooctane is a primary component of gasoline and...Ch. 8 - Ethyl alcohol, C2H5OH, is the intoxicating agent...Ch. 8 - Acetic acid, HC2H3O2, is responsible for the sour...Ch. 8 - Acetylene, C2H2, is used in welding torches. It...Ch. 8 - Salicylic acid, C7H6O3, is one of the starting...Ch. 8 - Methanol (CH3OH) is also known as wood alcohol and...Ch. 8 - Nitrogen oxide (NO) has been found to be a key...Ch. 8 - Small amounts of oxygen gas can be prepared in the...Ch. 8 - In the late eighteenth century Priestley prepared...Ch. 8 - Prob. 24QAPCh. 8 - Strontium metal is responsible for the red color...Ch. 8 - Nitroglycerin, C3H5(NO3)3(l), is an explosive most...Ch. 8 - A typical fat in the body is glyceryl trioleate,...Ch. 8 - Use the same fat described in Question 27. (a)...Ch. 8 - Which requires the absorption of a greater amount...Ch. 8 - Which evolves more heat—freezing 100.0 g of...Ch. 8 - A student is asked to calculate the amount of heat...Ch. 8 - Follow the step-wise process outlined in Problem...Ch. 8 - A lead ore, galena, consisting mainly of lead(II)...Ch. 8 - A reaction used to produce the silicon for...Ch. 8 - Given the following thermochemical equations,...Ch. 8 - Given the following thermochemical equations:...Ch. 8 - Write thermochemical equations for the...Ch. 8 - Write thermochemical equations for the formation...Ch. 8 - Given 2Al2O3(s)4Al(s)+3O2(g)H=3351.4kJ (a) What is...Ch. 8 - Given 2Cr2O3(s)4Cr(s)+3O2(g)H=+2269.4kJ (a) What...Ch. 8 - Limestone, CaCO3, when subjected to a temperature...Ch. 8 - When hydrazine reacts with oxygen, nitrogen gas...Ch. 8 - Use Table 8.3 to obtain AHO for the following...Ch. 8 - Use Table 8.3 to obtain H for the following...Ch. 8 - Use the appropriate tables to calculate H for (a)...Ch. 8 - Use the appropriate tables to calculate H for (a)...Ch. 8 - When one mole of nitroglycerine, C3H5(NO3)3(l)...Ch. 8 - When one mole of calcium carbonate reacts with...Ch. 8 - Chlorine trifluoride is a toxic, intensely...Ch. 8 - When one mole of ethylene gas, C2H4, reacts with...Ch. 8 - Glucose, C6H12O6(s), (H f =1275.2kJ/mol) is...Ch. 8 - When ammonia reacts with dinitrogen oxide gas (H f...Ch. 8 - How many kJ are equal to 3.27 L atm of work?Ch. 8 - How many L atm are equal to 12.2 kJ of work?Ch. 8 - Find (a) E when a gas absorbs 18 J of heat and has...Ch. 8 - Calculate (a) q when a system does 54 J of work...Ch. 8 - Consider the following reaction in a vessel with a...Ch. 8 - Consider the following reaction in the vessel...Ch. 8 - Determine the difference between H and E at 25C...Ch. 8 - For the vaporization of one mole of bromine at...Ch. 8 - Consider the combustion of propane, C3H8, the fuel...Ch. 8 - Consider the combustion of one mole of methyl...Ch. 8 - Butane gas, C4H10, is sold to campers as bottled...Ch. 8 - The BTU (British thermal unit) is the unit of...Ch. 8 - Natural gas companies in the United States use the...Ch. 8 - Prob. 66QAPCh. 8 - Given the following reactions,...Ch. 8 - In World War II, the Germans made use of otherwise...Ch. 8 - Prob. 69QAPCh. 8 - Consider the reaction between methane and oxygen...Ch. 8 - Consider burning ethane gas, C2H6 in oxygen...Ch. 8 - On complete combustion at constant pressure, a...Ch. 8 - Microwave ovens convert radiation to energy. A...Ch. 8 - In 2010, 3.30109 gallons of gasoline were consumed...Ch. 8 - Some solar-heated homes use large beds of rocks to...Ch. 8 - Consider a solution prepared by dissolving 10.00 g...Ch. 8 - Draw a cylinder with a movable piston containing...Ch. 8 - Redraw the cylinder in Question 77 after work has...Ch. 8 - Which statement(s) is/are true about bond...Ch. 8 - Equal masses of liquid A, initially at 100C, and...Ch. 8 - Determine whether the statements given below are...Ch. 8 - An exothermic reaction is carried out in a...Ch. 8 - Determine whether the statements given below are...Ch. 8 - Microwave ovens emit microwave radiation that is...Ch. 8 - On a hot day, you take a six-pack ot a on a pcmc,...Ch. 8 - Prob. 86QAPCh. 8 - The thermite reaction was once used to weld rails:...Ch. 8 - A sample of sucrose, C12H22O11, is contaminated by...Ch. 8 - A wad of steel wool (specific heat=0.45J/gC) at...Ch. 8 - Consider a metal ion A2+ and its nitrate salt, In...
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- d Examine the following reaction mechanisms and classify the role of each labeled species in the table below. Check all boxes that apply. H :0: Classify each species. Check all that apply. Species Electrophile с b Brønsted Brønsted Nucleophile Acid None Base a ㅁ ㅁ U U 0 U ㅁ ☐ . аarrow_forwardClassify each of the following as either a substitution, elimination, or addition reaction. CH3 CH3 CH3-C-CH-CH2-CH3 ÓH CH3CH₂ CH3-C=C-CH2-CH3 + H₂O H* CH3-04-0 O-CH, Ý HỌ CHI OH CH3-CH2-0 CH3-CH2-CH2-C-CH3 + H₂O CH3-CH2-0 OH H+ CH3CHO-CH, THO ° CH3 OH CH3-CH2-CH2-C-CH3 + HO-CH2-CH3 CH3-CH2-0 CH3-C-CH3 + HO-CH3 H* CH3-C-CH3 CHCH O-CH3 OH CH₂--CH₂ H* CH3-CCH3 + HỌ CH CH3-C-CH3 Ô CHI Osubstitution O elimination O addition Osubstitution O elimination addition substitution O elimination O addition substitution O elimination addition O substitution O elimination additionarrow_forwardUse the information in the pK table below to determine which side of the equilibrium is favored for each of the reactions in the second table. acid pKa acid pKa CHA 50 CHÍNH, 45 CH2=CH2 36 CH-C=CH 25 15.9 CHÍNH 10.6 OH OH 10.0 NH 5.3 -2 -2.4 CH -OH OH, OH i OH -6.1 -7 CH,SH₂ CH2=CH2 + C NH + CHÍNH, ° + CH-C=CH Equilibrium Equation CH-S-OH CH2=CH + + CHÍNH, OH + CH-C=C OH, + CH SH он + CH SH₂ 0 о Left Favored Equal Right Favored 0 ° °arrow_forward
- Classify each of the following as either a substitution, elimination, or addition reaction. дно OH H+ H + HO- + Cl2 + H₂O CI Δ DBU + HCI + HCI H* .OH + HO + H₂ Ni / C OH substitution elimination O addition substitution elimination O addition substitution elimination O addition substitution elimination addition substitution elimination additionarrow_forwardProvide a synthetic route for the following conversion.arrow_forwardBriefly indicate the structural differences between isopolianions and heteropolianions.arrow_forward
- Show work with explanation needed. don't give Ai generated solutionarrow_forwardWhat is the relationship between the following two molecules? Br -Br Br -H Br enantiomers diastereomers identical constitutional Isomers Which of the following structures is the correct wedge/dash drawing of the following Fischer projection? Br Br Br III OIV Et H Br Br H Br IVarrow_forwardAre oxoanions the same as oxyanions?arrow_forward
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