Chapter 8, Problem 44AE

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The possible reaction between potassium sulfate and barium acetate has to be predicted.  If the reaction occurs, the balanced equation has to be written and if it does not occur, no reaction has to be written.

Concept Introduction:

Double displacement reactions:  This type of reactions occurs when the cation and the anions switch between two reactants to form new products.  In order for the reaction to occur, one of the products is usually a solid precipitate, a gas or a molecular compound.

Example:  The product of the reaction between nitric acid and calcium sulphide is gaseous hydrogen sulphide and calcium nitrate.  The completed equation is,

  $\text{CaS}\left(\text{s}\right){\text{+2HNO}}_{\text{3}}\left(\text{aq}\right)\stackrel{}{\to }\text{Ca}{\left({\text{NO}}_{\text{3}}\right)}_{\text{2}}\left(\text{aq}\right){\text{+H}}_{\text{2}}\text{S}\left(\text{g}\right)$

Answer to Problem 44AE

Reaction takes between barium acetate and potassium sulfate.  The balanced chemical equation is,

  ${\text{K}}_{\text{2}}{\text{SO}}_{\text{4}}\left(\text{aq}\right)\text{+Ba}{\left({\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}\text{COO}\right)}_{\text{2}}\left(\text{aq}\right)\stackrel{}{\to }{\text{BaSO}}_{\text{4}}\left(\text{s}\right){\text{+2CH}}_{\text{3}}\text{COOK}\left(\text{aq}\right)$

Explanation of Solution

The reaction of barium acetate with potassium sulfate results in the formation of barium sulfate and potassium acetate.  The chemical equation is,

  ${\text{K}}_{\text{2}}{\text{SO}}_{\text{4}}\left(\text{aq}\right)\text{+Ba}{\left({\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}\text{COO}\right)}_{\text{2}}\left(\text{aq}\right)\stackrel{}{\to }{\text{BaSO}}_{\text{4}}\left(\text{s}\right){\text{+CH}}_{\text{3}}\text{COOK}\left(\text{aq}\right)$

The above chemical equation is unbalanced.  The balanced equation is,

  ${\text{K}}_{\text{2}}{\text{SO}}_{\text{4}}\left(\text{aq}\right)\text{+Ba}{\left({\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}\text{COO}\right)}_{\text{2}}\left(\text{aq}\right)\stackrel{}{\to }{\text{BaSO}}_{\text{4}}\left(\text{s}\right){\text{+CH}}_{\text{3}}\text{COOK}\left(\text{aq}\right)$

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The possible reaction between sulfuric acid and lithium hydroxide has to be predicted.  If the reaction occurs, the balanced equation has to be written and if it does not occur, no reaction has to be written.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a).

Answer to Problem 44AE

Reaction will take place between sulfuric acid and lithium hydroxide.  The balanced chemical equation is,

  $\text{2LiOH}\left(\text{aq}\right){\text{+H}}_{\text{2}}{\text{SO}}_{\text{4}}\left(\text{aq}\right)\stackrel{}{\to }{\text{Li}}_{\text{2}}{\text{SO}}_{\text{4}}\left(\text{aq}\right){\text{+2H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}\left(\text{l}\right)$

Explanation of Solution

Lithium hydroxide reacts with sulfuric acid to form lithium sulfate and water.  The chemical equation is,

  $\text{LiOH}\left(\text{aq}\right){\text{+H}}_{\text{2}}{\text{SO}}_{\text{4}}\left(\text{aq}\right)\stackrel{}{\to }{\text{Li}}_{\text{2}}{\text{SO}}_{\text{4}}\left(\text{aq}\right){\text{+H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}\left(\text{l}\right)$

The above equation is unbalanced.  The balanced chemical equation is,

  $\text{2LiOH}\left(\text{aq}\right){\text{+H}}_{\text{2}}{\text{SO}}_{\text{4}}\left(\text{aq}\right)\stackrel{}{\to }{\text{Li}}_{\text{2}}{\text{SO}}_{\text{4}}\left(\text{aq}\right){\text{+2H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}\left(\text{l}\right)$

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The possible reaction between ammonium phosphate and sodium bromide has to be predicted.  If the reaction occurs, the balanced equation has to be written and if it does not occur, no reaction has to be written.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a).

Answer to Problem 44AE

No reaction will occur between ammonium phosphate and sodium bromide.

  ${\left({\text{NH}}_{\text{4}}\right)}_{\text{3}}{\text{PO}}_{\text{4}}\left(\text{aq}\right)\text{+NaBr}\left(\text{aq}\right)\stackrel{}{\to }\text{No}\text{reaction}$

Explanation of Solution

Ammonium phosphate and sodium bromide reacts to form sodium phosphate and ammonium bromide.  No reaction occurs as the products ammonium bromide and sodium phosphate is water-soluble and no precipitate occurs.

  ${\left({\text{NH}}_{\text{4}}\right)}_{\text{3}}{\text{PO}}_{\text{4}}\left(\text{aq}\right)\text{+NaBr}\left(\text{aq}\right)\stackrel{}{\to }\text{No}\text{reaction}$

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The possible reaction between calcium iodide and silver nitrate has to be predicted.  If the reaction occurs, the balanced equation has to be written and if it does not occur, no reaction has to be written.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a).

Answer to Problem 44AE

Reaction takes place between calcium iodide and silver nitrate.  The balanced chemical equation is,

  ${\text{CaI}}_{\text{2}}\left(\text{aq}\right){\text{+2AgNO}}_{\text{3}}\left(\text{aq}\right)\stackrel{}{\to }\text{Ca}{\left({\text{NO}}_{\text{3}}\right)}_{\text{2}}\left(\text{aq}\right)\text{+2AgI}\left(\text{s}\right)$

Explanation of Solution

Calcium iodide reacts with solver nitrate to form calcium nitrate and silver iodide. 

The chemical equation is,

  ${\text{CaI}}_{\text{2}}\left(\text{aq}\right){\text{+AgNO}}_{\text{3}}\left(\text{aq}\right)\stackrel{}{\to }\text{Ca}{\left({\text{NO}}_{\text{3}}\right)}_{\text{2}}\left(\text{aq}\right)\text{+AgI}\left(\text{s}\right)$

The above equation is unbalanced.  The balanced chemical equation is,

  ${\text{CaI}}_{\text{2}}\left(\text{aq}\right){\text{+2AgNO}}_{\text{3}}\left(\text{aq}\right)\stackrel{}{\to }\text{Ca}{\left({\text{NO}}_{\text{3}}\right)}_{\text{2}}\left(\text{aq}\right)\text{+2AgI}\left(\text{s}\right)$

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The possible reaction between nitric acid and strontium hydroxide has to be predicted.  If the reaction occurs, the balanced equation has to be written and if it does not occur, no reaction has to be written.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a).

Answer to Problem 44AE

Reaction will take place between strontium hydroxide and nitric acid.  The balanced chemical reaction is,

  ${\text{2HNO}}_{\text{3}}\left(\text{aq}\right)\text{+Sr}{\left(\text{OH}\right)}_{\text{2}}\left(\text{aq}\right)\stackrel{}{\to }{\text{2H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}\left(\text{l}\right)\text{+Sr}{\left({\text{NO}}_{\text{3}}\right)}_{\text{2}}\left(\text{aq}\right)$

Explanation of Solution

Strontium hydroxide reacts with nitric acid to form strontium nitrate and water. 

The chemical equation is,

  ${\text{HNO}}_{\text{3}}\left(\text{aq}\right)\text{+Sr}{\left(\text{OH}\right)}_{\text{2}}\left(\text{aq}\right)\stackrel{}{\to }{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}\left(\text{l}\right)\text{+Sr}{\left({\text{NO}}_{\text{3}}\right)}_{\text{2}}\left(\text{aq}\right)$

The above equation is unbalanced.  The balanced chemical equation is,

  ${\text{HNO}}_{\text{3}}\left(\text{aq}\right)\text{+Sr}{\left(\text{OH}\right)}_{\text{2}}\left(\text{aq}\right)\stackrel{}{\to }{\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}\left(\text{l}\right)\text{+Sr}{\left({\text{NO}}_{\text{3}}\right)}_{\text{2}}\left(\text{aq}\right)$

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The possible reaction between cesium nitrate and calcium hydroxide has to be predicted.  If the reaction occurs, the balanced equation has to be written and if it does not occur, no reaction has to be written.

Concept Introduction:

Refer to part (a).

Answer to Problem 44AE

No reaction with occur between cesium nitrate and calcium hydroxide.

  ${\text{CsNO}}_{\text{3}}\left(\text{aq}\right)\text{+Ca}{\left(\text{OH}\right)}_{\text{2}}\left(\text{aq}\right)\stackrel{}{\to }\text{No}\text{reaction}$

Explanation of Solution

The reaction of cesium nitrate with calcium hydroxide results in the products cesium hydroxide and calcium nitrate.  Both cesium hydroxide and calcium nitrate are soluble in water therefore, no reaction would occur.

  ${\text{CsNO}}_{\text{3}}\left(\text{aq}\right)\text{+Ca}{\left(\text{OH}\right)}_{\text{2}}\left(\text{aq}\right)\stackrel{}{\to }\text{No}\text{reaction}$