Problem 1E: A hypothetical electromagnetic wave is pictured here. What is the wavelength of this radiation? Problem 2E Problem 3E: The magnesium spectrum has a line at 266.8 nm. Which of these statements about this radiation is... Problem 4E: The most intense line in the cerium spectrum is at 418.7 nm. a. Determine the frequency of the... Problem 5E: Without doing detailed calculations, determine which of the following wavelengths represents light... Problem 6E: Without doing detailed calculations, arrange the following electromagnetic radiation sources in... Problem 7E: How long does it take light from the sun, 93 million miles away, to reach Earth? Problem 8E: In astronomy, distances are measured in light-years, the distance that light travels in one year.... Problem 9E: Determine a. the energy, in joules per photon, of radiation of frequency 7.391015S1; b. the energy,... Problem 10E: Determine a. the frequency, in hertz, of radiation having an energy of 8.62 10-21 J/photon; b. the... Problem 11E: A certain radiation has a wavelength of 574 nm. What is the energy, in pules, of (a) one photon; (b)... Problem 12E: What is the wavelength, in nanometers, of light with an energy content of 2112 kJ/mol? In what... Problem 13E: Without doing detailed calculations, indicate which of the following electromagnetic radiations has... Problem 14E: Without doing detailed calculations, arrange the following forms of electromagnetic radiation in... Problem 15E: In what region of the electromagnetic spectrum would you expect to find radiation having an energy... Problem 16E: High-pressure sodium vapor lamps are used in street lighting. The two brightest lines in the sodium... Problem 17E: The lowest-frequency light that produce the photoelectric effect is called the threshold frequency.... Problem 18E: The minimum energy required to cause the photoelectric effect in potassium metal is 3.691012J. Will... Problem 19E: Use the Balmer equation (8.4) to determine a. the frequency, in s1 , of the radiation corresponding... Problem 20E: How would the Balmer equation (8.4) have to be modified to predict lines in the infrared spectrum of... Problem 21E: What is E for the transition of an electron from n=6 to n=3 in a hydrogen atom? What is the... Problem 22E: What is E for the transition of an electron from n=5 to n=2 in a hydrogen atom? What is the... Problem 23E: To what value of n in equation (8.4) does the line in the Balmer series at 389 nm correspond? Problem 24E: The Lyman series of the hydrogen spectrum can be represented by the equation... Problem 25E: Calculate the wavelengths, in nanometers, of the first four lines of the Balmer series of the... Problem 26E: A line is detected in the hydrogen spectrum at 1880 nm. Is this line in the Balmer series? Explain. Problem 27E: Calculate the energy, in joules, of a hydrogen atom when the electron is in the sixth energy level. Problem 28E: Calculate the increase in energy, in pules, when an electron in the hydrogen atom is excited from... Problem 29E: What are the (a) frequency, in s1 , and (b) wavelength, in nanometers, of the light emitted when the... Problem 30E: Without doing detailed calculations, indicate which of the following electron transitions requires... Problem 31E: For a hydrogen atom, determine a. the energy level corresponding to n=8 ; b. whether there is an... Problem 32E: Without doing detailed calculations, indicate which of the following electron transitions in the... Problem 33E: What electron transition in a hydrogen atom, starting from n=7 , will produce light of wavelength... Problem 34E: What electron transition in a hydrogen atom, ending in n=3 , will produce light of wavelength 1090... Problem 35E: The emission spectrum below for a one-electron (hydrogen-like) species in the gas phase shows all... Problem 36E: The emission spectrum below for a one-electron (hydrogen-like) species in the gas phase shows all... Problem 37E: The emission spectrum below for a one-electron (hydrogen-like) species in the gas phase shows all... Problem 38E: The emission spectrum below for a one-electron (hydrogen-like) species in the gas phase shows all... Problem 39E: Which must possess e greater velocity to produce matter waves of the same wavelength (such as 1 m),... Problem 40E: What must be the velocity, in meters per second, of a beam of electrons if they are to display a de... Problem 41E: Calculate the de Broglie wavelength, in nanometers, associated with a 145 g baseball traveling at a... Problem 42E: What is the wavelength, in nanometers, associated with a 9.7 g bullet with a muzzle velocity of 887... Problem 43E: The uncertainty relation xph/(4) , expression (8.11 is valid for motion in any direction. For... Problem 44E: Although Einstein made some early contributions to quantum theory, he was never able to accept the... Problem 45E: A proton is accelerated to one-tenth the velocity of light, and this velocity tan be measured with a... Problem 46E: Show that the uncertainty principle is not significant when applied to large objects such as... Problem 47E: What must be the velocity of electrons if their associated wavelength is to equal the Bohr radius,... Problem 48E: What must be the velocity of electrons if their associated wavelength is to equal the longest... Problem 49E: A standing wave in a string 42 cm long has a total of six nodes (including those at the ends). What... Problem 50E: What is the length of a string that has a standing wave with four nodes (including those at the... Problem 51E: Calculate the wavelength of the electromagnetic radiation required to excite an electron from the... Problem 52E: An electron in a one-dimensional box requires a wavelength of 618 nm to excite an electron from the... Problem 53E: An electron in a 200 nm box is excited from the ground state into a higher energy state by absorbing... Problem 54E: Calculate the wavelength of the electromagnetic radiation required to excite a proton from the... Problem 55E: Describe some of the differences between the orbits of the Bohr atom and the orbitals of the wave... Problem 56E: The greatest probability of finding the electron in a small-volume element of the 1s orbital of the... Problem 57E: Select the correct answer and explain your reasoning. An electron having n=3 and mt=0 (a) must have... Problem 58E: Write an acceptable value for each of the missing quantum numbers. a. n=3,l=?,mt=2,mz=+12 b.... Problem 59E: What type of orbital (i.e., 3s,4p, ... ) is designated by these quantum numbers? a. n=5,l=1,mt=0 b.... Problem 60E: Which of the following statements is (are) correct for an electron with n=4 and mt=2 ? Explain. a.... Problem 61E: Concerning the electrons in the shells, subshells, and orbitals of an atom, how many can have a.... Problem 62E: Concerning the concept of subshells and orbitals, a. How many subshells are found in the n=3 level?... Problem 63E: Calculate the finite value of r, in terms of at which the node occurs in the wave function of the 2s... Problem 64E: Calculate the finite value of r, in terms of ac , at which the node occurs in the wave function of... Problem 65E: Show that the probability of finding a 2p, electron in the xz plane is zero. Problem 66E Problem 67E: Prepare a two-dimensional plot of Y(,) for the py , orbital in the xy plane. Problem 68E: Prepare a two-dimensional plot of Yz(,) for the py orbital in the xy plane. Problem 69E: Using a graphical method, show that in a hydrogen atom the radius at which there is a maximum... Problem 70E: Use a graphical method or some other means to show that in a Li24 ion, the radius at which there is... Problem 71E: Identify the orbital that has (a) one radial node and one angular node; (b) no radial nodes and two... Problem 72E: Identify the orbital that has (a) two radial nodes and one angular node; (b) five radial nodes and... Problem 73E: A contour map for an atomic orbital of hydrogen is shown at the top of page 370 for the xy and xz... Problem 74E: A contour map for an atomic orbital of hydrogen is shown below for the xy and xz planes. Identify... Problem 75E: On the basis of the periodic table and rules for electron configurations, indicate the number of (a)... Problem 76E: Based on the relationship between electron configurations and the periodic table, give the number of... Problem 77E: Which of the following is the correct orbital diagram for the ground-state electron configuration of... Problem 78E: Which of the following is the correct orbital diagram for the ground-state electron configuration of... Problem 79E: Use the basic rules for electron configurations to indicate the number of (a) unpaired electrons in... Problem 80E: Use orbital diagrams to show the distribution of electrons among the orbitals in (a) the 4p subshell... Problem 81E Problem 82E: Without referring to any tables or listings in the text, mark an appropriate location in the blank... Problem 83E: Which of the following electron configurations corresponds to the ground state and which to an... Problem 84E Problem 85E Problem 86E Problem 87E: The following electron configurations correspond to the ground states of certain elements. Name each... Problem 88E Problem 89IAE: Derive the Balmer and Rydberg equations from equation (8.6). Problem 90IAE Problem 91IAE: The work function is the energy that must be supplied to cause the release of an electron from a... Problem 92IAE: Infrared lamps are used in cafeterias to keep food warm. How many photons per second are produced by... Problem 93IAE Problem 94IAE: Determine the de Broglie wavelength of the electron ionized from a He' ion in its ground state using... Problem 95IAE: The Pfund series of the hydrogen spectrum has as its longest wavelength component a line at 7400 nm.... Problem 96IAE: Between which two levels of the hydrogen atom must an electron fall to produce light of wavelength... Problem 97IAE Problem 98IAE Problem 99IAE: An atom in which just one of the outer-shell electrons is excited to a very high quantum level n is... Problem 100IAE: If all other rules governing electron configurations were valid, what would be the electron... Problem 101IAE: Ozone, O2, absorbs ultraviolet radiation and dissociates into O2 molecules and O atoms:... Problem 102IAE: Radio signals from Voyager 1 in the 1970s were broadcast at a frequency of 8.4 GHz. On Earth, this... Problem 103IAE Problem 104IAE: The angular momentum of an electron in the Bohr hydrogen atom is mur, where m is the mass of the... Problem 105IAE Problem 106IAE Problem 107IAE: Using the relationships given in Table 8.2, find the finite values of r, in terms of a0 , of the... Problem 108IAE Problem 109IAE Problem 110IAE Problem 111IAE: In the ground state of a hydrogen atom, what is the probability of finding an electron anywhere in a... Problem 112IAE Problem 113FP Problem 114FP: Balmer seems to have deduced his formula for the visible spectrum of hydrogen just by manipulating... Problem 115FP: The Rydberg-Ritz combination principle is an empirical relationship proposed by Walter Ritz in 1908... Problem 116FP Problem 117FP: Diffraction of radiation takes place when the distance between the scattering centers is comparable... Problem 118FP Problem 119FP: (This exercise requires calculus.) In this exercise, use ideas from this chapter to develop the... Problem 120FP Problem 121SAE: In your own words, define the following terms or symbols: (a);(b)v;(c)h;(d);(e) principal quantum... Problem 122SAE: Briefly describe each of the following ideas or phenomena: (a) atomic (line) spectrum; (b)... Problem 123SAE: Explain the important distinctions between each pair of terms: (a) frequency and wavelength; (b)... Problem 124SAE: Describe two ways in which the orbitals of multielectron atoms resemble hydrogen orbitals and two... Problem 125SAE Problem 126SAE: With the help of sketches, explain the difference between a px,py, and pz orbital. Problem 127SAE: With the help of sketches, explain the difference between a 2pz and 3px orbital. Problem 128SAE: If traveling at equal speeds, which of the following matter waves has the longest wavelength?... Problem 129SAE: For electromagnetic radiation transmitted through a vacuum, state whether each of the following... Problem 130SAE Problem 131SAE Problem 132SAE: Construct a concept map for the configurations of multielectron atoms. format_list_bulleted