
Chemistry
4th Edition
ISBN: 9780078021527
Author: Julia Burdge
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Question
Chapter 8, Problem 3SEPP
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:
The value of
Concept Introduction:
The formula that is used in the standard heat of formation is as:
In enthalpy, a
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Students have asked these similar questions
Predict the organic products that form in the reaction below:
H.
H+
+
OH
H+
Y
Note: You may assume you have an excess of either reactant if the reaction requires more than one of those molecules to form the
products.
In the drawing area below, draw the skeletal ("line") structures of the missing organic products X and Y. You may draw the
structures in any arrangement that you like, so long as they aren't touching.
Explanation
Check
Click and drag to start drawing a
structure.
G
X
C
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+
111
Carbonyl Chem
Choosing reagants for a Wittig reaction
What would be the best choices for the missing reagents 1 and 3 in this synthesis?
1. PPh3
3
1
2
2. n-BuLi
• Draw the missing reagents in the drawing area below. You can draw them in any arrangement you like.
Do not draw the missing reagent 2. If you draw 1 correctly, we'll know what it is.
• Note: if one of your reagents needs to contain a halogen, use bromine.
Explanation
Check
Click and drag to start drawing a structure.
×
©2025 McGraw Hill LLC. All Rights Reserved. Terms of Use
A student proposes the transformation below in one step of an organic synthesis. There may be one or more reactants missing from the left-hand side, but there
are no products missing from the right-hand side. There may also be catalysts, small inorganic reagents, and other important reaction conditions missing from
the arrow.
• Is the student's transformation possible? If not, check the box under the drawing area.
. If the student's transformation is possible, then complete the reaction by adding any missing reactants to the left-hand side, and adding required catalysts,
inorganic reagents, or other important reaction conditions above and below the arrow.
• You do not need to balance the reaction, but be sure every important organic reactant or product is shown.
+
T
X
O
O
лет-ле
HO
OH
HO
OH
This transformation can't be done in one step.
Chapter 8 Solutions
Chemistry
Ch. 8.1 - Practice ProblemATTEMPT Write Lewis dot symbols...Ch. 8.1 - Practice Problem BUILD
Indicate the charge on...Ch. 8.1 - Practice ProblemCONCEPTUALIZE For each of the...Ch. 8.1 - 8.1.1 Using only a periodic table, determine the...Ch. 8.1 - 8.1.2 Using only a periodic table, determine the...Ch. 8.1 - To which group does element X belong if its Lewis...Ch. 8.1 - Prob. 4CPCh. 8.2 - Prob. 1PPACh. 8.2 - Practice ProblemBUILD Arrange the compounds NaF,...Ch. 8.2 - Practice ProblemCONCEPTUALIZE Common ions of four...
Ch. 8.2 - 8.2.1 Will the lattice energy of KF be larger or...Ch. 8.2 - 8.2.2 Using the following data, calculate the...Ch. 8.2 - 8.2.3 Lattice energies are graphed for three...Ch. 8.3 - Practice ProblemATTEMPT Using data from Figures...Ch. 8.3 - Prob. 1PPBCh. 8.3 - Prob. 1PPCCh. 8.4 - Practice Problem ATTEMPT Classify the following...Ch. 8.4 - Prob. 1PPBCh. 8.4 - Prob. 1PPCCh. 8.4 - In which of the following molecules are the bonds...Ch. 8.4 - Using data from Table 8.5, calculate the magnitude...Ch. 8.4 - Prob. 3CPCh. 8.4 - Prob. 4CPCh. 8.5 - Prob. 1PPACh. 8.5 - Prob. 1PPBCh. 8.5 - Prob. 1PPCCh. 8.5 - Identify the correct Lewis structure for formic...Ch. 8.5 - Identity the correct Lewis structure for hydrogen...Ch. 8.6 - Prob. 1PPACh. 8.6 - Prob. 1PPBCh. 8.6 - Prob. 1PPCCh. 8.6 - Determine the formal charges on H, C, and N,...Ch. 8.6 - 8.6.2 Which of the Lewis structures shown is most...Ch. 8.7 - Prob. 1PPACh. 8.7 - Practice ProblemBUILD Draw the Lewis structure for...Ch. 8.7 - Practice Problem CONCEPTUALIZE
Of the three Lewis...Ch. 8.7 - Indicate which of the following are resonance...Ch. 8.7 - 8.7.2 How many resonance structures can be drawn...Ch. 8.8 - Prob. 1PPACh. 8.8 - Prob. 1PPBCh. 8.8 - Practice Problem CONCEPTUALIZE
The hypothetical...Ch. 8.8 - In which of the following species does the central...Ch. 8.8 - Prob. 2CPCh. 8.8 - In which species does the central atom obey the...Ch. 8.8 - 8.8.4 How many lone pairs are there on the central...Ch. 8.9 - Prob. 1PPACh. 8.9 - Practice ProblemBUILD Use Lewis structures and...Ch. 8.9 - Prob. 1PPCCh. 8.9 - 8.9.1 Use data from Table 8.6 to estimate for the...Ch. 8.9 - Use data from Table 8.6 to estimate Δ H rxn for...Ch. 8.9 - Use bond enthalpies to determine Δ H rxn for the...Ch. 8.9 - Prob. 4CPCh. 8.10 - Practice ProblemATTEMPT Draw all possible...Ch. 8.10 - Prob. 1PPBCh. 8.10 - Practice ProblemCONCEPTUALIZE The Lewis structure...Ch. 8.11 - Prob. 1PPACh. 8.11 - Prob. 1PPBCh. 8.11 - Prob. 1PPCCh. 8.12 - Prob. 1PPACh. 8.12 - Prob. 1PPBCh. 8.12 - Prob. 1PPCCh. 8.13 - Prob. 1PPACh. 8.13 - Practice Problem BUILD
Using the following...Ch. 8.13 - Prob. 1PPCCh. 8 - 8.1
Which of the following atoms must always obey...Ch. 8 - Prob. 2KSPCh. 8 - Prob. 3KSPCh. 8 - Prob. 4KSPCh. 8 - What is a Lewis dot symbol? What elements do we...Ch. 8 - Use the second member of each group from Group 1A...Ch. 8 - Prob. 3QPCh. 8 - 8.4 Write Lewis dot symbols for the following...Ch. 8 - Write Lewis dot symbols for the following atoms...Ch. 8 - Prob. 6QPCh. 8 - Prob. 7QPCh. 8 - Name five metals and five nonmetals that are very...Ch. 8 - Prob. 9QPCh. 8 - Prob. 10QPCh. 8 - Prob. 11QPCh. 8 - The term molar mass was introduced in Chapter 3....Ch. 8 - Prob. 13QPCh. 8 - Prob. 14QPCh. 8 - Prob. 15QPCh. 8 - Explain how the lattice energy of an ionic...Ch. 8 - Prob. 17QPCh. 8 - Prob. 18QPCh. 8 - 8.19 Use the Born-Haber cycle outlined in Section...Ch. 8 - Calculate the lattice energy of CaCl 2 . Use data...Ch. 8 - An ionic bond is formed between a cation A + and...Ch. 8 - Prob. 22QPCh. 8 - Use Lewis dot symbols to show the transfer of...Ch. 8 - Write the Lewis dot symbols of the reactants and...Ch. 8 - 8.25 Describe Lewis’s contribution to our...Ch. 8 - Prob. 26QPCh. 8 - Prob. 27QPCh. 8 - Prob. 28QPCh. 8 - Prob. 29QPCh. 8 - Prob. 30QPCh. 8 - Prob. 31QPCh. 8 - Prob. 32QPCh. 8 - Prob. 33QPCh. 8 - Define electronegativity, and explain the...Ch. 8 - Prob. 35QPCh. 8 - Prob. 36QPCh. 8 - Prob. 37QPCh. 8 - Using information in Table 8.5. calculate the...Ch. 8 - List the following bonds in order of increasing...Ch. 8 - Classify the following bonds as covalent, polar...Ch. 8 - 8.41 Classify the following bonds as covalent,...Ch. 8 - 8.42 List the following bonds in order of...Ch. 8 - Prob. 43QPCh. 8 - Prob. 44QPCh. 8 - Prob. 45QPCh. 8 - Prob. 46QPCh. 8 - Draw Lewis structures for the following molecules...Ch. 8 - Draw Lewis structures for the following molecules:...Ch. 8 - Prob. 49QPCh. 8 - Prob. 50QPCh. 8 - 8.51 Draw Lewis structures for the following ions:...Ch. 8 - Draw Lewis structures for the following ions: (a)...Ch. 8 - Prob. 53QPCh. 8 - Prob. 54QPCh. 8 - Prob. 55QPCh. 8 - Prob. 56QPCh. 8 - Prob. 57QPCh. 8 - 8.58 Draw three resonance structures for the...Ch. 8 - Prob. 59QPCh. 8 - Prob. 60QPCh. 8 - Draw three reasonable resonance structures for the...Ch. 8 - Draw three resonance structures for the molecule N...Ch. 8 - Prob. 63QPCh. 8 - Prob. 64QPCh. 8 - Prob. 65QPCh. 8 - Prob. 66QPCh. 8 - Prob. 67QPCh. 8 - Prob. 68QPCh. 8 - Prob. 69QPCh. 8 - The AlI 3 molecule has an incomplete octet around...Ch. 8 - Prob. 71QPCh. 8 - Prob. 72QPCh. 8 - 8.73 Write a Lewis structure for Does this...Ch. 8 - Prob. 74QPCh. 8 - Prob. 75QPCh. 8 - 8.76 Draw two resonance structures for the bromate...Ch. 8 - Prob. 77QPCh. 8 - What is bond enthalpy? Bond enthalpies of...Ch. 8 - Prob. 79QPCh. 8 - Prob. 80QPCh. 8 - Prob. 81QPCh. 8 - Prob. 82QPCh. 8 - For the reaction 2 C 2 H 6 ( g ) + 7 O 2 ( g ) → 4...Ch. 8 - Prob. 84QPCh. 8 - 8.85. Use average bond enthalpies from Table 8.6...Ch. 8 - Prob. 86APCh. 8 - Prob. 87APCh. 8 - Prob. 88APCh. 8 - Prob. 89APCh. 8 - Prob. 90APCh. 8 - 8.91 Describe some characteristics of an ionic...Ch. 8 - Prob. 92APCh. 8 - Prob. 93APCh. 8 - Prob. 94APCh. 8 - Prob. 95APCh. 8 - Prob. 96APCh. 8 - Prob. 97APCh. 8 - Prob. 98APCh. 8 - Prob. 99APCh. 8 - Prob. 100APCh. 8 - Prob. 101APCh. 8 - Prob. 102APCh. 8 - Prob. 103APCh. 8 - Prob. 104APCh. 8 - Which of the following species are isoelectronic:...Ch. 8 - Prob. 106APCh. 8 - 8.107 Draw two resonance structures for each...Ch. 8 - The following species have been detected in...Ch. 8 - The amide ion ( NH 2 − ) is a Brø�nsted base. Use...Ch. 8 - Prob. 110QPCh. 8 - The triiodide ion ( I 3 − ) in which the I atoms...Ch. 8 - Prob. 112APCh. 8 - In 1999, an unusual cation containing only...Ch. 8 - Prob. 114APCh. 8 - Prob. 115APCh. 8 - Prob. 116APCh. 8 - In the gas phase, aluminum chloride exists as a...Ch. 8 - Prob. 118APCh. 8 - Calculate Δ H º for the reaction H 2 ( g ) + I 2 (...Ch. 8 - Draw Lewis structures for the following organic...Ch. 8 - Prob. 121APCh. 8 - Prob. 122APCh. 8 - Prob. 123APCh. 8 - Write three resonance structures for (a) the...Ch. 8 - Prob. 125APCh. 8 - Prob. 126APCh. 8 - Prob. 127APCh. 8 - Prob. 128APCh. 8 - Prob. 129APCh. 8 - Prob. 130APCh. 8 - Prob. 131APCh. 8 - Among the common inhaled anesthetics are:...Ch. 8 - Prob. 133QPCh. 8 - Prob. 134QPCh. 8 - Prob. 135QPCh. 8 - 8.136 Using this and data from Appendix 2,...Ch. 8 - Prob. 137QPCh. 8 - Prob. 138APCh. 8 - Prob. 139APCh. 8 - Prob. 140APCh. 8 - Prob. 141APCh. 8 - Prob. 142APCh. 8 - Prob. 143APCh. 8 - Although nitrogen dioxide ( NO 2 ) is a stable...Ch. 8 - 8.145 The chlorine nitrate molecule is believed...Ch. 8 - The hydroxyl radical ( OH ) plays an important...Ch. 8 - Prob. 147APCh. 8 - Prob. 148APCh. 8 - Prob. 1SEPPCh. 8 - 2. Use formal charges to choose the best of the...Ch. 8 - Prob. 3SEPPCh. 8 - Prob. 4SEPP
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- Determine the structures of the missing organic molecules in the following reaction: X+H₂O H* H+ Y OH OH Note: Molecules that share the same letter have the exact same structure. In the drawing area below, draw the skeletal ("line") structures of the missing organic molecules X and Y. You may draw the structures in any arrangement that you like, so long as they aren't touching. Click and drag to start drawing a structure. X Sarrow_forwardPredict the major products of this organic reaction. If there aren't any products, because nothing will happen, check the box under the drawing area instead. No reaction. HO. O :☐ + G Na O.H Click and drag to start drawing a structure. XS xs H₂Oarrow_forwardWhat are the angles a and b in the actual molecule of which this is a Lewis structure? H H C H- a -H b H Note for advanced students: give the ideal angles, and don't worry about small differences from the ideal groups may have slightly different sizes. a = b = 0 °arrow_forward
- What are the angles a and b in the actual molecule of which this is a Lewis structure? :0: HCOH a Note for advanced students: give the ideal angles, and don't worry about small differences from the ideal that might be caused by the fact that different electron groups may have slightly different sizes. a = 0 b=0° Sarrow_forwardDetermine the structures of the missing organic molecules in the following reaction: + H₂O +H OH O OH +H OH X Note: Molecules that share the same letter have the exact same structure. In the drawing area below, draw the skeletal ("line") structure of the missing organic molecule X. Click and drag to start drawing a structure.arrow_forwardIdentify the missing organic reactant in the following reaction: x + x O OH H* + ☑- X H+ O O Х Note: This chemical equation only focuses on the important organic molecules in the reaction. Additional inorganic or small-molecule reactants or products (like H₂O) are not shown. In the drawing area below, draw the skeletal ("line") structure of the missing organic reactant X. Click and drag to start drawing a structure. Carrow_forward
- CH3O OH OH O hemiacetal O acetal O neither O 0 O hemiacetal acetal neither OH hemiacetal O acetal O neither CH2 O-CH2-CH3 CH3-C-OH O hemiacetal O acetal CH3-CH2-CH2-0-c-O-CH2-CH2-CH3 O neither HO-CH2 ? 000 Ar Barrow_forwardWhat would be the best choices for the missing reagents 1 and 3 in this synthesis? 1. PPh3 2 2. n-BuLi 3 Draw the missing reagents in the drawing area below. You can draw them in any arrangement you like. • Do not draw the missing reagent 2. If you draw 1 correctly, we'll know what it is. • Note: if one of your reagents needs to contain a halogen, use bromine. Explanation Check Click and drag to start drawing a structure.arrow_forwardPredict the products of this organic reaction: NaBH3CN + NH2 ? H+ Click and drag to start drawing a structure. ×arrow_forward
- Predict the organic products that form in the reaction below: + OH +H H+ ➤ ☑ X - Y Note: You may assume you have an excess of either reactant if the reaction requires more than one of those molecules to form the products. In the drawing area below, draw the skeletal ("line") structures of the missing organic products X and Y. You may draw the structures in any arrangement that you like, so long as they aren't touching. Click and drag to start drawing a structure. Garrow_forwardPredict the organic products that form in the reaction below: OH H+ H+ + ☑ Y Note: You may assume you have an excess of either reactant if the reaction requires more than one of those molecules to form the products. In the drawing area below, draw the skeletal ("line") structures of the missing organic products X and Y. You may draw the structures in any arrangement that you like, so long as they aren't touching. Click and drag to start drawing a structure. ✓ marrow_forwardDetermine the structures of the missing organic molecules in the following reaction: + H₂O +H H+ Y Z ☑ ☑ Note: Molecules that share the same letter have the exact same structure. In the drawing area below, draw the skeletal ("line") structures of the missing organic molecules X, Y, and Z. You may draw the structures in any arrangement that you like, so long as they aren't touching. Molecule X shows up in multiple steps, but you only have to draw its structure once. Click and drag to start drawing a structure. AP +arrow_forward
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