EBK BIOLOGY
5th Edition
ISBN: 9780133996807
Author: Maier
Publisher: PEARSON CUSTOM PUB.(CONSIGNMENT)
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Textbook Question
Chapter 8, Problem 2CTS
The Innocence Project is a nonprofit legal clinic at the Benjamin Cardozo School of Law in New York City that attempts to help prisoners whose claims of innocence can be verified by DNA testing because biological evidence from their cases still exists. Over 300 inmates have been exonerated since the project started in 1992. Thousands of inmates await the opportunity for testing. Does the fact that the Innocence Project has shown that the criminal justice system sometimes convicts innocent people change your opinion about the death penalty? Why or why not?
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DNA evidence can be used to perform DNA profiling to determine the genotype of the specific DNA sample. With just a small amount of DNA, PCR can produce billions of copies of that specific segment. The segments that are used are from non-coding regions that contain STR’s or short tandem repeats. These very short DNA sequences are repeated and are specific to individuals because we inherit them from our mother and father. Gel electrophoresis separates the PCR products based on their size and each band is compared to the allele ladder. This process helps to identify the alleles present in the original samples. DNA profiling is performed at many loci to be able to tell the genetic difference between different individuals with a lot of certainty. The DNA from the different suspects is compared to the allele…
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