Chapter 8, Problem 26PSB

a)

To determine

Compute the material variance information:

Explanation of Solution

Compute the material variance information:

Table (1)

b)

To determine

Compute the materials price and usage variance and identify whether it is unfavorable or favorable.

Explanation of Solution

Compute the total materials price variances:

$\begin{array}{c}\text{Materials price variances}=\left|\left(\text{Actual price}-\text{Standard price}\right)\right|\times \text{Actual quantity}\\ =\left|\left(\text{\$0}\text{.96}-\text{\$1}\text{.00}\right)\right|\times \left(\text{460,000}\right)\\ =\$18,400\end{array}$

Hence, the total materials price variances are $18,400 which is a favorable variance.

Compute the total materials usage variance:

$\begin{array}{c}\text{Materials usage variance}=\left|\left(\text{Actual quantity}-\text{Standard quantity}\right)\right|\times \text{Standard price}\\ =\left|\left(460,000-416,000\right)\right|\times \$1\\ =\$44,000\end{array}$

Hence, the total materials usage variances are $44,000 which is an unfavorable variance.

c)

To determine

Compute the labor variance information:

Explanation of Solution

Compute the labor variance information:

Table (2)

d)

To determine

Determine the labor price and usage variance and identify whether it is unfavorable or favorable.

Given information:

Refer part a) for the table information

Explanation of Solution

Compute the labor price variance:

$\begin{array}{c}\text{Labor price variance}=\left|\left(\text{Actual price}-\text{Standard price}\right)\right|\times \text{Actual hours}\\ =\left|\left(\$19.60-\$20\right)\right|\times \left(79,200\right)\\ =\$31,680\end{array}$

Hence, the labor price variance is $31,680 which is a favorable variance.

Compute the labor usage variance:

$\begin{array}{c}\text{Labor usage variance}=\left|\left(\text{Actual hours}-\text{Standard hours}\right)\right|\times \text{Standard price}\\ =\left|\left(79,200\right)-\left(83,200\right)\right|\times \$20\\ =\$80,000\end{array}$

Hence, the labor usage variance is $80,000 which is a favorable variance.

e)

To determine

Determine the predetermined overhead rate, assuming that Company S uses the allocation base as number of units

Explanation of Solution

Calculate the the predetermined overhead rate:

$\begin{array}{c}\text{Predetermined overhead rate}=\frac{\text{Total planned overhead costs}}{\text{Total expected units}}\\ =\frac{\text{\$400,000}}{\text{400,000}}\\ =\$1\text{ per unit}\end{array}$

Hence, the predetermined overhead rate is $1 per unit.

f)

To determine

Compute the fixed cost spending and variance and specify whether it is unfavorable or favorable variance.

Explanation of Solution

Compute the fixed cost spending variance:

$\begin{array}{c}\text{Spending variance}=\left|\text{Actual overhead}-\text{Budgeted overhead }\right|\\ =\left|\text{\$408,000}-\text{\$400,000 }\right|\\ =\$8,000\end{array}$

Hence, the fixed cost spending variance is $8,000 which is the unfavorable variance

Compute the fixed cost volume variance:

$\begin{array}{c}\text{Volume variance}=\left|\text{Budgeted overhead}-\text{Applied overhead }\right|\\ =\left|\text{\$400,000}-\left(\text{\$1}\times 416,\text{000}\right)\right|\\ =\$16,000\end{array}$

Hence, the fixed cost spending variance is $16,000 which is the favorable variance as the company produced more units than actually planned which leads to decrease in fixed cost per unit

g)

To determine

Determine the gross margin of Company S

Explanation of Solution

Determine the gross margin of Company S:

Table (3)