Essential University Physics
4th Edition
ISBN: 9780134988559
Author: Wolfson, Richard
Publisher: Pearson Education,
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Chapter 8, Problem 25E
To determine
The energy required to launch a instrument on a vertical trajectory.
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Chapter 8 Solutions
Essential University Physics
Ch. 8.2 - Suppose the distance between two objects is cut in...Ch. 8.3 - Suppose the paths in Fig. 8.8 are the paths of...Ch. 8.4 - Prob. 8.3GICh. 8 - What do Newtons apple and the Moon have in common?Ch. 8 - Prob. 2FTDCh. 8 - When you stand on Earth, the distance between you...Ch. 8 - The force of gravity on an object is proportional...Ch. 8 - A friend who knows nothing about physics asks what...Ch. 8 - Could you put a satellite in an orbit that keeps...Ch. 8 - Why are satellites generally launched eastward and...
Ch. 8 - Given Earths mass, the Moons distance and orbital...Ch. 8 - How should a satellite be launched so that its...Ch. 8 - Does the gravitational force of the Sun do work on...Ch. 8 - Space explorers land on a planet with the same...Ch. 8 - Use data for the Moons orbit from Appendix E to...Ch. 8 - Prob. 13ECh. 8 - Prob. 14ECh. 8 - Two identical lead spheres with their centers 14...Ch. 8 - Whats the approximate value of the gravitational...Ch. 8 - A sensitive gravimeter is carried to the top of...Ch. 8 - Prob. 18ECh. 8 - Find the speed of a satellite in geostationary...Ch. 8 - Marss orbit has a diameter 1.52 times that of...Ch. 8 - Calculate the orbital period for Jupiters moon Io,...Ch. 8 - An astronaut hits a golf ball horizontally from...Ch. 8 - The Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter circles the red...Ch. 8 - Earths distance from the Sun varies from 147 Gm at...Ch. 8 - Prob. 25ECh. 8 - A rocket is launched vertically upward from Earths...Ch. 8 - What vertical launch speed is necessary to get a...Ch. 8 - Prob. 28ECh. 8 - Determine escape speeds from (a) Jupiters moon...Ch. 8 - Prob. 30ECh. 8 - Prob. 31ECh. 8 - Prob. 32ECh. 8 - Example 8.2: Find the altitude and speed of a...Ch. 8 - Prob. 34ECh. 8 - Prob. 35ECh. 8 - Example 8.4: A coronal mass ejection (CME) is an...Ch. 8 - Example 8.4: In September 2017, the Cassini...Ch. 8 - The gravitational acceleration at a planets...Ch. 8 - Prob. 39PCh. 8 - If youre standing on the ground 15 m directly...Ch. 8 -
On January 1, 2019, the450-kg New Horizons...Ch. 8 - Equation 7.9 relates force to the derivative of...Ch. 8 - During the Apollo Moon landings, one astronaut...Ch. 8 - Prob. 44PCh. 8 - Prob. 45PCh. 8 - Prob. 46PCh. 8 - Prob. 47PCh. 8 - Satellites A and B are in circular orbits, with A...Ch. 8 - The asteroid that exploded over Chelyabinsk,...Ch. 8 - Prob. 50PCh. 8 - Prob. 51PCh. 8 - Neglecting air resistance, to what height would...Ch. 8 - Show that an object released from rest very far...Ch. 8 - Prob. 54PCh. 8 -
In 2017 North Korea developed ballistic missile...Ch. 8 - Prob. 56PCh. 8 - Prob. 57PCh. 8 - Prob. 58PCh. 8 - Prob. 59PCh. 8 - Two meteoroids are 160,000 km from Earths center...Ch. 8 - Prob. 62PCh. 8 - A missiles trajectory takes it to a maximum...Ch. 8 - Prob. 64PCh. 8 - Mercurys orbital speed varies from 38.8 km/s at...Ch. 8 - Prob. 66PCh. 8 - Two satellites are in geostationary orbit but in...Ch. 8 - Prob. 68PCh. 8 - Prob. 69PCh. 8 - We derived Equation 8.4 on the assumption that the...Ch. 8 - Prob. 71PCh. 8 - As a member of the 2040 Olympic committee, youre...Ch. 8 - The Olympic Committee is keeping you busy! Youre...Ch. 8 - Tidal forces are proportional to the variation in...Ch. 8 - Spacecraft that study the Sun are often placed at...Ch. 8 - Prob. 76PPCh. 8 - Prob. 77PPCh. 8 - Prob. 78PPCh. 8 - The Global Positioning System (GPS) uses a...
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- A spacecraft with a mass of 5000kg is in circular orbit 2000km above the surface of mars. How much work must the spacecraft engines perform to move the spacecraft to a circular orbit that is 4000km above the surface? (hint Total Energy = Ep+ Ek)arrow_forwardA 1 kg satellite is to be placed at 3.55e7 meters above the earth's surface. What is the difference in potential energy between Earth's surface and the satellite height for a satellite with 1 kg mass? What is the total work needed to place the satellite in orbit at this location above earth?arrow_forwardIn order better to map the surface features of the Moon, a 321 kg imaging satellite is put into circular orbit around the Moon at an altitude of 105 km. Calculate the satellite's kinetic energy K, gravitational potential energy U, and total orbital energy E. The radius and mass of the Moon are 1740 km and 7.36x10^22 kg.arrow_forward
- In a futuristic scenario, you are assigned the mission of making an enemy satellite that is in a circular orbit around Earth inoperative. You know you cannot destroy the satellite, as it is well protected against attack, but you can try to knock it out of its orbit so it will fly away and never return. What is the minimum amount of work ?� applied to the satellite that is required to accomplish that? The satellite's mass and altitude are 969 kg and 299 km. Earth's mass and radius are 5.98×1024 kg and 6370 km.arrow_forwardIn a futuristic scenario, you are assigned the mission of making an enemy satellite that is in a circular orbit around Earth inoperative. You know you cannot destroy the satellite, as it is well protected against attack, but you can try to knock it out of its orbit so it will fly away and never return. What is the minimum amount of work ? applied to the satellite that is required to accomplish that? The satellite's mass and altitude are 975 kg and 259 km. Earth's mass and radius are 5.98×1024 kg and 6370 km.W = ? Jarrow_forwardIn order to survey possible landing spots on the moon, the Apollo 10 mission needed to orbit the moon at no more than 1670 m/s in order to get good confirmation of the parameters for landing. At what altitude above the moon's surface (m = 7.348 x 1022 kg; r = 1.7381 x 106 m) did the capsule need to orbit?arrow_forward
- A Fall on the Moon. You and your team are stationed at an earth-based mission control facility and have been tasked with assisting astronauts via radio communication as they exit a spacecraft that has recently landed on the moon. The astronauts intended to explore the lunar surface but, unfortunately, they hit a snag even before they opened the hatch. Their craft has landed right on the edge of a 15-ft cliff, so that there is no way off the lander except to drop that distance from the bottom rung of a ladder on the side of the ship. You look up the structural parameters of the space suits, the gear they are wearing, and the physical limitations of the crew, and find that, on earth, the maximum drop they can safely endure is 4.0 ft. (a) Is it safe for them to make the 15-ft drop on the moon? (b) What is the maximum drop they can safely endure on the moon? Note that the acceleration due to gravity on the moon is one-sixth as large as that on earth.arrow_forwardA satellite at a particular point along an elliptical orbit has a gravitational potential energy of 4700 MJMJ with respect to Earth's surface and a kinetic energy of 4400 MJMJ . Later in its orbit the satellite's potential energy is 5900 MJMJ . Use conservation of energy to find its kinetic energy at that point. Express your answer to two significant figures and include the appropriate units.arrow_forwardIn order better to map the surface features of the Moon, a 383 kg imaging satellite is put into circular orbit around the Moon at an altitude of 149 km. Calculate the satellite's kinetic energy K, gravitational potential energy U, and total orbital energy E. The radius and mass of the Moon are 1740 km and 7.36 × 1022 kg. K = U = J E =arrow_forward
- A space probe is about to launch with the objective to explore the planets Mars and Jupiter. To use the lowest amount of energy, the rocket starts from the Earth's orbit (A) and flies in an ellip- tical orbit to Mars (B), such that the ellipse has its perihelion at Earth's orbit and its aphelion at Mars' orbit. The space probe explores Mars for some time until Mars has completed 1/4 of its orbit (C). After that, the space probe uses the same ellipse to get from Mars (C) to Jupiter (D). There the mission is completed, and the space probe will stay around Jupiter. The drawing below shows the trajectory of the space probe (not drawn to scale): A Sun Earth Mars Jupiter Below you find the obrital period and the semi-major axis of the three planets: Orbital period Semi-major axis 365 days Earth 1.00 AU Mars 687 days 1.52 AU Jupiter 4333 days 5.20 AU How many years after its launch from the Earth (A) will the space probe arrive at Jupiter (D)?arrow_forwardWhen large communications satellites are positioned in geosynchronous orbit (GEO), they are first launched into low-Earth orbit (LEO) while mated to a transfer stage. A transfer stage is a rocket specifically designed to move (or transfer) satellites from LEO to GEO. Compare the amount of energy it requires to transfer a 8,000 kg satellite from a 750 km altitude orbit to GEO with the amount of energy required to send a 8,000 kg spacecraft from the same LEO orbit to the Moon so that it can land on the surface of the Moon. Note that the Lunar spacecraft will need the same orbital speed as that of the Moon around the Earth so that the Moon doesn’t move away from the spacecraft before it has a chance to land.arrow_forwardCalculate the surface escape velocities for Mars. rM = 3.3× 106 m, MM = 6 × 1022 kg).arrow_forward
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