Pearson eText Microbiology: An Introduction -- Instant Access (Pearson+)
Pearson eText Microbiology: An Introduction -- Instant Access (Pearson+)
13th Edition
ISBN: 9780135789377
Author: Gerard Tortora, Berdell Funke
Publisher: PEARSON+
bartleby

Concept explainers

bartleby

Videos

Textbook Question
Book Icon
Chapter 8, Problem 1R

Briefly describe the components of DNA, and explain its functional relationship to RNA and protein.

Expert Solution & Answer
Check Mark
Summary Introduction

To review:

The components of DNA and its functional relationship to RNA and protein.

Introduction:

Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a molecule that carries the genetic information from one generation to the next. DNA is said to be the functional unit in all living organisms. The genetic information is stored as a code.

Explanation of Solution

Deoxyribonucleic acid is made up of four different deoxyribo nucleotides. They are deoxyadenosine triphosphate (dATP), deoxyguanosine triphosphate (dGTP), deoxycytosine triphosphate (dCTP), and deoxythymidine triphosphate (dTTP). Each deoxyribonucleotide is formed by the combination of four different nitrogenous base, deoxyribose and phosphates. They form the back bone of DNA with the phosphate group. The four chemical bases of DNA are adenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C), and thymine (T).

DNA is transcribed into mRNA (messenger RNA) and the mRNA sequence contains a number of codons. These codons are recognized by anti-codon region of t-RNA for the synthesis of proteins in the rough endoplasmic reticulum by adding amino acids. Later, the newly synthesized proteins undergo posttranslational modifications in order to become active functional proteins. Thus, the protein structure and their functions are decided by the DNA and RNA.

Conclusion

DNA is the hereditary material in almost all living organisms. In an organism, each cell has the same amount of DNA. Mostly DNA is located within the nucleus and it is called as the nuclear DNA. The small amount of DNA is present in mitochondria and it is called as the mitochondrial DNA.

Want to see more full solutions like this?

Subscribe now to access step-by-step solutions to millions of textbook problems written by subject matter experts!
Students have asked these similar questions
Hydrogen bonds play an important role in stabilizing and organizing biological macromolecules. Consider the four macromolecules discussed. Describe three examples where hydrogen bond formation affects the form or function of the macromolecule.
Imagine you are a botanist.  Below are characteristics of a never-before described plant species recently identified as part of the ‘All Taxa Biodiversity Inventory’ (ATBI).   Field Notes:  Specimen collected from shaded area along stream in South Cumberland State Park                 (Grundy County, TN). Laboratory Analysis:  Body:  Large leaves emerging from underground rhizome. Size: 63 cm  Chromosomal Analysis: Plant body is diploid—chromosome number of 44. Lignin test: Positive Cuticle: Present Leaves:  Present—large with branched veins. Underside has sori (containing haploid spores). Roots: Present—branch from the inside. Stem: Present—vascular tissue (xylem & phloem) present. Life History:  Diploid sporophyte dominant generation.  Haploid spores germinate into heart-shaped, haploid, gametophyte.  Water required for fertilization; no seed is produced.  Diploid zygote develops into sporophyte. Explain which domain, kingdom and phylum you believe this plant should be classified…
CUÁ Glycine A C C Newly formed molecule Glycine Arginine Proline Alanine A C C CC G GGAUUGGUGGGGC Structure X I mRNA

Chapter 8 Solutions

Pearson eText Microbiology: An Introduction -- Instant Access (Pearson+)

Knowledge Booster
Background pattern image
Biology
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.
Similar questions
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
Recommended textbooks for you
  • Text book image
    Concepts of Biology
    Biology
    ISBN:9781938168116
    Author:Samantha Fowler, Rebecca Roush, James Wise
    Publisher:OpenStax College
Text book image
Concepts of Biology
Biology
ISBN:9781938168116
Author:Samantha Fowler, Rebecca Roush, James Wise
Publisher:OpenStax College
DNA vs RNA (Updated); Author: Amoeba Sisters;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JQByjprj_mA;License: Standard youtube license