Case Study From Figure 8.1B for Comet Halley, is the comet speeding up, slowing down, or maintaining its speed just before it reaches aphelion? What about just after it passes aphelion? Explain.

Question

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Answer 1

Textbook Question

Chapter 8, Problem 1PQ

Case Study From Figure 8.1B for Comet Halley, is the comet speeding up, slowing down, or maintaining its speed just before it reaches aphelion? What about just after it passes aphelion? Explain.

Expert Solution & Answer

To determine

Whether Comet Halley is speeding up, slowing down, or maintaining its speed just before it reaches aphelion and just after it passes aphelion.

Answer to Problem 1PQ

The comet Halley is slowing down just before it reaches aphelion and is speeding up just after it passes aphelion.

Explanation of Solution

Comet Halley is a comet having a period of revolution of 76 years. The gravitational force of attraction of sun on comet depends on the distance between them. According to newton’s second law acceleration is proportional to force. Since gravitational force depends on position of comet, acceleration of comet depends on its position. This acceleration is also affected by the direction of force and velocity. The angel between direction of force and velocity is a function of position. The angle is 90° at aphelion and perihelion.

From figure 8.1B, angle between gravitational force of sun on comet and velocity of comet is greater than 90° just before it reaches aphelion. At this condition comet slows down. The angle between gravitational force of sun on comet and velocity of comet is less than 90° just after it passes aphelion. At this condition comet speeds up. If the angle between them is 90° speed does not change.

Conclusion.

The comet Halley is slowing down just before it reaches aphelion and is speeding up just after passes aphelion.

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Answer 2

Textbook Question

Chapter 8, Problem 1PQ

Case Study From Figure 8.1B for Comet Halley, is the comet speeding up, slowing down, or maintaining its speed just before it reaches aphelion? What about just after it passes aphelion? Explain.

Expert Solution & Answer

To determine

Whether Comet Halley is speeding up, slowing down, or maintaining its speed just before it reaches aphelion and just after it passes aphelion.

Answer to Problem 1PQ

The comet Halley is slowing down just before it reaches aphelion and is speeding up just after it passes aphelion.

Explanation of Solution

Comet Halley is a comet having a period of revolution of 76 years. The gravitational force of attraction of sun on comet depends on the distance between them. According to newton’s second law acceleration is proportional to force. Since gravitational force depends on position of comet, acceleration of comet depends on its position. This acceleration is also affected by the direction of force and velocity. The angel between direction of force and velocity is a function of position. The angle is 90° at aphelion and perihelion.

From figure 8.1B, angle between gravitational force of sun on comet and velocity of comet is greater than 90° just before it reaches aphelion. At this condition comet slows down. The angle between gravitational force of sun on comet and velocity of comet is less than 90° just after it passes aphelion. At this condition comet speeds up. If the angle between them is 90° speed does not change.

Conclusion.

The comet Halley is slowing down just before it reaches aphelion and is speeding up just after passes aphelion.

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Answer 3

Textbook Question

Chapter 8, Problem 1PQ

Case Study From Figure 8.1B for Comet Halley, is the comet speeding up, slowing down, or maintaining its speed just before it reaches aphelion? What about just after it passes aphelion? Explain.

Expert Solution & Answer

To determine

Whether Comet Halley is speeding up, slowing down, or maintaining its speed just before it reaches aphelion and just after it passes aphelion.

Answer to Problem 1PQ

The comet Halley is slowing down just before it reaches aphelion and is speeding up just after it passes aphelion.

Explanation of Solution

Comet Halley is a comet having a period of revolution of 76 years. The gravitational force of attraction of sun on comet depends on the distance between them. According to newton’s second law acceleration is proportional to force. Since gravitational force depends on position of comet, acceleration of comet depends on its position. This acceleration is also affected by the direction of force and velocity. The angel between direction of force and velocity is a function of position. The angle is 90° at aphelion and perihelion.

From figure 8.1B, angle between gravitational force of sun on comet and velocity of comet is greater than 90° just before it reaches aphelion. At this condition comet slows down. The angle between gravitational force of sun on comet and velocity of comet is less than 90° just after it passes aphelion. At this condition comet speeds up. If the angle between them is 90° speed does not change.

Conclusion.

The comet Halley is slowing down just before it reaches aphelion and is speeding up just after passes aphelion.

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Answer 4

Textbook Question

Chapter 8, Problem 1PQ

Case Study From Figure 8.1B for Comet Halley, is the comet speeding up, slowing down, or maintaining its speed just before it reaches aphelion? What about just after it passes aphelion? Explain.

Expert Solution & Answer

To determine

Whether Comet Halley is speeding up, slowing down, or maintaining its speed just before it reaches aphelion and just after it passes aphelion.

Answer to Problem 1PQ

The comet Halley is slowing down just before it reaches aphelion and is speeding up just after it passes aphelion.

Explanation of Solution

Comet Halley is a comet having a period of revolution of 76 years. The gravitational force of attraction of sun on comet depends on the distance between them. According to newton’s second law acceleration is proportional to force. Since gravitational force depends on position of comet, acceleration of comet depends on its position. This acceleration is also affected by the direction of force and velocity. The angel between direction of force and velocity is a function of position. The angle is 90° at aphelion and perihelion.

From figure 8.1B, angle between gravitational force of sun on comet and velocity of comet is greater than 90° just before it reaches aphelion. At this condition comet slows down. The angle between gravitational force of sun on comet and velocity of comet is less than 90° just after it passes aphelion. At this condition comet speeds up. If the angle between them is 90° speed does not change.

Conclusion.

The comet Halley is slowing down just before it reaches aphelion and is speeding up just after passes aphelion.

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Answer 5

Textbook Question

Answer 6

Textbook Question

Answer 7

Expert Solution & Answer

To determine

Whether Comet Halley is speeding up, slowing down, or maintaining its speed just before it reaches aphelion and just after it passes aphelion.

Answer to Problem 1PQ

The comet Halley is slowing down just before it reaches aphelion and is speeding up just after it passes aphelion.

Explanation of Solution

Comet Halley is a comet having a period of revolution of 76 years. The gravitational force of attraction of sun on comet depends on the distance between them. According to newton’s second law acceleration is proportional to force. Since gravitational force depends on position of comet, acceleration of comet depends on its position. This acceleration is also affected by the direction of force and velocity. The angel between direction of force and velocity is a function of position. The angle is 90° at aphelion and perihelion.

From figure 8.1B, angle between gravitational force of sun on comet and velocity of comet is greater than 90° just before it reaches aphelion. At this condition comet slows down. The angle between gravitational force of sun on comet and velocity of comet is less than 90° just after it passes aphelion. At this condition comet speeds up. If the angle between them is 90° speed does not change.

Conclusion.

The comet Halley is slowing down just before it reaches aphelion and is speeding up just after passes aphelion.

Answer 8

Expert Solution & Answer

To determine

Whether Comet Halley is speeding up, slowing down, or maintaining its speed just before it reaches aphelion and just after it passes aphelion.

Answer to Problem 1PQ

The comet Halley is slowing down just before it reaches aphelion and is speeding up just after it passes aphelion.

Explanation of Solution

Comet Halley is a comet having a period of revolution of 76 years. The gravitational force of attraction of sun on comet depends on the distance between them. According to newton’s second law acceleration is proportional to force. Since gravitational force depends on position of comet, acceleration of comet depends on its position. This acceleration is also affected by the direction of force and velocity. The angel between direction of force and velocity is a function of position. The angle is 90° at aphelion and perihelion.

From figure 8.1B, angle between gravitational force of sun on comet and velocity of comet is greater than 90° just before it reaches aphelion. At this condition comet slows down. The angle between gravitational force of sun on comet and velocity of comet is less than 90° just after it passes aphelion. At this condition comet speeds up. If the angle between them is 90° speed does not change.

Conclusion.

The comet Halley is slowing down just before it reaches aphelion and is speeding up just after passes aphelion.

Answer 9

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 10

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 11

To determine

Whether Comet Halley is speeding up, slowing down, or maintaining its speed just before it reaches aphelion and just after it passes aphelion.

Answer 12

Answer to Problem 1PQ

The comet Halley is slowing down just before it reaches aphelion and is speeding up just after it passes aphelion.

Answer 13

Explanation of Solution

Comet Halley is a comet having a period of revolution of 76 years. The gravitational force of attraction of sun on comet depends on the distance between them. According to newton’s second law acceleration is proportional to force. Since gravitational force depends on position of comet, acceleration of comet depends on its position. This acceleration is also affected by the direction of force and velocity. The angel between direction of force and velocity is a function of position. The angle is 90° at aphelion and perihelion.

From figure 8.1B, angle between gravitational force of sun on comet and velocity of comet is greater than 90° just before it reaches aphelion. At this condition comet slows down. The angle between gravitational force of sun on comet and velocity of comet is less than 90° just after it passes aphelion. At this condition comet speeds up. If the angle between them is 90° speed does not change.

Conclusion.

The comet Halley is slowing down just before it reaches aphelion and is speeding up just after passes aphelion.