EBK WHAT IS LIFE? A GUIDE TO BIOLOGY
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781319159153
Author: PHELAN
Publisher: VST
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Chapter 8, Problem 1MC
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
Telomeres are the ending portion of linear DNA that form protective caps on either end.
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Students have asked these similar questions
One important biological effect of a large dose of ionizing radiation (like X-rays) is to halt cell division.
How does this occur? To answer this question, state the name and role of 2 specific and important proteins involved in the process.
What happens if a cell has a mutation that prevents it from halting cell division after be irradiated? Be specific and detailed.
An adult human who has reached maturity will die within a few days of receiving a radiation dose large enough to stop cell division. What does that tell you about cell division? In addition, name 2 different/unique cell types that would be primarily affected.
Which of the following is the main reason why DNA must exist in chromosome form?
a.)To favor the formation of sister chromatids
b.)To allow the protein histones to carry out its task
c.)To avoid the genetic material to be tangled away during cell division
d.)To promote the formation of spindle fibers
Which of the following does not contribute to genetic variation in sexually reproducing species?
O a. random fertilization
O b. independent assortment
Oc cytokinesis
O d. none of the answers are correct
none of the answers are correct
O e. crossing over
All of the following correctly describe the sodium-potassium pump EXCEPT:
O a.
A total of five binding sites are present in the sodium-potassium pump
O b. Potassium ions are pumped into the cell, where they are present in lower concentration than the
extracellular fluid
O c. The transport proteins will undergo some conformational changes
O d. Molecules are pumped from low concentration to high concentration
O e. Energy is required for the process to take place
Chapter 8 Solutions
EBK WHAT IS LIFE? A GUIDE TO BIOLOGY
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- You are investigating the transport of proteins into the ER in various mutant cells. Where would you expect to find ER proteins in a cell in which the gene encoding TOM proteins have been knocked out? a. Proteasome b. Cytoplasm c. Mitochondria d. nucleus e. ERarrow_forwardIn animal cells, cytokinesis is accomplished by a contractile ring containing actin. The related process in bacteria is a. chromosome segregation, which also appears to use an actinlike protein. b. septation via a ring of FtsZ protein, which is an actinlike protein. c. cytokinesis, which requires formation of a cell plate via vesicular fusion. d. septation via a ring of FtsZ protein, which is a tubulin-like protein.arrow_forwardEarly researchers experimented with nucleoplasmin and demonstrated that proteins targeted to the nucleus have a specific nuclear localization sequence. Remembering this experiment, which of the following statements is true? a. The core nucleoplasmin fragment ended up in the nucleus. b. nucleoplasmin does not require a nuclear localization sequence to enter the nucleus c. The tail nucleoplasmin fragment has the nuclear localization sequence d. Nuceloplasmin was fragmented and the parts were injected into the same cellarrow_forward
- Which of the following statements are correct? explain your answers.a. the hereditary information of a cell is passed on by its proteins.B. Bacterial dna is found in the cytosol.C. plants are composed of prokaryotic cells.d. all cells of the same organism have the same number of chromosomes (with the exception of egg and sperm cells).e. the cytosol contains membrane-enclosed organelles, such as lysosomes.f. the nucleus and mitochondria are surrounded by a double membrane.g. protozoans are complex organisms with a set of specialized cells that form tissues, such as flagella, mouthparts, stinging darts, and leglike appendages. h. lysosomes and peroxisomes are the sites of degradation of unwanted materials.arrow_forwardThe diagram below represents single-celled organism A dividing by mitosis to form cells B andC. B cکړ Cells A, B, and C all produced protein X. What can best be inferred from this observation? A) The gene to produce protein X was passed from cell A to cells B and C. B) Cells A, B, and C ingested food containing the gene to produce protein X. C) The gene for protein X is found in single-celled organisms, only. D) Protein X is found in all organisms.arrow_forwardBiologists have long been interested in the effects of radiation on cells. In one experiment, researchers examined the effect of radium on mitosis of chick embryo cells growing in culture. A population of experimental cells was examined under the microscope for the number of cells in telophase (as a measure of mitosis occurring) before, during, and after exposure to radium. The results are shown in the Figure. What is the effect of radium exposure on mitosis? Source: R. G. Canti and M. Donaldson. 1926. The effect of radium on mitosis in vitro. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, Series B, Containing Papers of a Biological Character 100:413419.arrow_forward
- Why is there a need to produce diploid type of cell at the of cell division? a.)So that the cells produced are exact copy of the parent cell b.)So that abnormalities of the cell will be avoided c.)So that the purpose of growth happens in the organism d.)So that the copy of DNA is retainedarrow_forwardI breed a red flower to a blue flower. What would I get if the red and blue genes in these flowers were:A) incomplete dominance B) codominance 2. What are the two purposes of the membrane?3. What is the difference between passive and active transport? 4. What kind of stem cells are pluripotent?arrow_forwardYou are studying a protein that you observe to be located in the ER and Golgi. You hypothesize that this protein is an ER resident protein. How would you go about testing your hypothesis? A. Increase the pH of the Golgi and see if the protein is secreted from the cell. B. All are experiments that will address the question. O C. Look for and remove KDEL sequence and look to see if the protein is present in the ER. Đ. Look for and remove KDEL sequence and look to see if the protein is secreted from cell.arrow_forward
- Of the following statements related to the function of telomeres, identify which is FALSE. a. Telomeres protect organisms from cancer by limiting the number of somatic cell divisions b. Telomeres help prevent unnecessary cell death by preventing DNA monitoring activity at the staggered ends of DNA c. Telomeres restore the length of lagging DNA strands in germ cells d. Telomeres offer some protection against the unavoidable shortening of genesarrow_forwardWhich of the following statements about histones is true?a. They are proteins whose sequence is highly conserved in all eukaryotes.b. They are the building blocks of nucleosomes.c. a and b are correct.d. None of the above are correct.arrow_forward28. When studying living cells in a laboratory, rescarchers sometimes use drugs as a way to make cells remain at a particular stage of the cell cycle A drug that inhibits cytokinesis would leave cells arrested at which phase in the cell cycle? A) Interphase B) Telophase C) Anaphase D) Prophase E) Metaphase 29. An epigenetics modification is where: A) The DNA sequence of a gene is changed, altering gene expression B) A chemical modification (ie methylation) of DNA occurs that alters gene expression C) Gene expression is permanently changed over the course of many generations D) Both A and C E) Both B and C 30. A very rare dominant allele that causes the little finger to be bent has a penetrance value of 80% This means that? A) 80% of the total population does not have a bent little figure B) 80% of all heterozygotes carrying the allele will have a bent little finger C) 80% of the total population carries the allede for bent little finger D) 80% of all homozygous individuals carrying the…arrow_forward
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