Concept explainers
To review:
Identification of three brain regions formed during the middle of fourth week, and five brain regions by the fifth week of gestation.
Introduction:
The study about structures and functions of the central nervous system needs basic knowledge as development of the same begins from an embryonic stage in humans. The embryo in its early stage consists of an embryonic tissue layer called an ectoderm. This groove gets deeper day by day and by twentieth day, it gets fused and forms a neural tube.

Explanation of Solution
The portion of the ectoderm in which, the fusion occurs becomes the neural crest and it is situated between the neural tube and the surface of ectoderm. By the middle of fourth week, after conception, three swellings are formed on the anterior end of neural tube namely, forebrain or prosencephalon, midbrain or mesencephalon, and hindbrain or rhombencephalon.
By the fifth week, the area gets developed and modified to form five regions. The forebrain further gets divided into telencephalon and diencephalon. There is no change in the mesencephalon. And, the hind brain divides into metencephalon and myelencephalon. There are greater chances of advanced modifications in the later stages of human development.
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