Chapter 8, Problem 18PEB

(a)

To determine

To predict: The periodic table family number for ${\text{F}}^{\text{1}-}$.

Answer to Problem 18PEB

Solution:

$\text{VIIA}$

Explanation of Solution

Introduction:

The vertical columns in the periodic table is called family. There are 18 families in the periodic table. All the members of the same family (mainly of representative elements) possesses the same type of charge like

Members of family IA has a charge of 1+.

Members of family II A has a charge of 2+.

Members of family III A has a charge of 3+.

Members of family V A has a charge of 3-.

Members of family VI A has a charge of 2-.

Members of family VI A has a charge of 1-.

Explanation:

Fluorine have $-1$ charge on it so it has accepted 1 electron, thus, it belongs to VIIA. The members of this family have seven valence electrons and requires one more electron to acquire the noble gas structure.

Conclusion:

The family number of the ion ${\text{F}}^{\text{1}-}$ is $\text{VIIA}$.

(b)

To determine

To predict: The periodic table family number for ${\text{Li}}^{\text{1+}}$.

Answer to Problem 18PEB

Solution:

$\text{IA}$

Explanation of Solution

Introduction:

All the members of the same family (mainly of representative elements) possesses the same type of charge like

Members of family IA has a charge of 1+.

Members of family II A has a charge of 2+.

Members of family III A has a charge of 3+.

Members of family V A has a charge of 3-.

Members of family VI A has a charge of 2-.

Members of family VI A has a charge of 1-.

Explanation:

Lithium have +1 charge on it so it has lost 1 electron hence it belongs to IA. The members of IA family has one valence electron, so all the members of 1A lose this electron in order to acquire noble gas structure.

Conclusion:

The family number of the ion ${\text{Li}}^{\text{1+}}$ is $\text{IA}$.

(c)

To determine

To predict: The periodic table family number for ${\text{B}}^{\text{3+}}$.

Answer to Problem 18PEB

Solution:

$\text{IIIA}$

Explanation of Solution

Introduction:

All the members of the same family (mainly of representative elements) possesses same type of charge like

Members of family IA has a charge of 1+.

Members of family II A has a charge of 2+.

Members of family III A has a charge of 3+.

Members of family V A has a charge of 3-.

Members of family VI A has a charge of 2-.

Members of family VI A has a charge of 1-.

Explanation:

Boron have +3 charge on it so it has lost 3 electrons hence it belongs to IIIA. The members of IIIA family has three valence electrons, so all the members of III A lose these three electrons in order to acquire noble gas structure.

Conclusion:

The family number of the ion ${\text{B}}^{\text{3+}}$ is $\text{IIIA}$.

(d)

To determine

To predict: The periodic table family number for ${\text{O}}^{\text{2}-}$.

Answer to Problem 18PEB

Solution:

$\text{VIA}$

Explanation of Solution

Introduction:

All the members of the same family (mainly of representative elements) possesses same type of charge like

Members of family IA has a charge of 1+.

Members of family II A has a charge of 2+.

Members of family III A has a charge of 3+.

Members of family V A has a charge of 3-.

Members of family VI A has a charge of 2-.

Members of family VI A has a charge of 1-.

Explanation:

Oxygen have $-2$ charge on it so it has gained 2 electrons, hence, it belongs to VIA. The members of this family have six valence electrons and requires two more electrons to acquire the noble gas structure.

Conclusion:

The family number of the ion ${\text{O}}^{\text{2}-}$ is $\text{VIA}$.

(e)

To determine

To predict: The periodic table family number for ${\text{Be}}^{\text{2+}}$.

Answer to Problem 18PEB

Solution:

$\text{IIA}$

Explanation of Solution

Introduction:

All the members of the same family (mainly of representative elements) possesses the same type of charge like

Members of family IA has a charge of 1+.

Members of family II A has a charge of 2+.

Members of family III A has a charge of 3+.

Members of family V A has a charge of 3-.

Members of family VI A has a charge of 2-.

Members of family VI A has a charge of 1-.

Explanation:

Beryllium have +2 charge on it so it has lost 2 electrons, hence it belongs IIA. The members of IIA family has two valence electrons, so all the members of II A lose these two electrons in order to acquire noble gas structure.

Conclusion:

The family number of the ion ${\text{Be}}^{\text{2+}}$ is $\text{IIA}$

(f)

To determine

To predict: The periodic table family number for ${\text{Si}}^{\text{4+}}$.

Answer to Problem 18PEB

Solution:

$\text{IVA}$

Explanation of Solution

Introduction:

All the members of the same family (mainly of representative elements) possesses the same type of charge like

Members of family IA has a charge of 1+.

Members of family II A has a charge of 2+.

Members of family III A has a charge of 3+.

Members of family V A has a charge of 3-.

Members of family VI A has a charge of 2-.

Members of family VI A has a charge of 1-.

Explanation:

Silicon have +4 charge on it so it has lost 4 electrons and it belong to group IVA. The members of this group have four valence electrons. Except carbon, all members of this group can lose their four electrons to acquire noble gas structure.

Conclusion:

The family number of the ion ${\text{Si}}^{\text{4+}}$ is $\text{IVA}$.