Foundations of Astronomy (MindTap Course List)
14th Edition
ISBN: 9781337399920
Author: Michael A. Seeds, Dana Backman
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 8, Problem 14P
To determine
A solar flare release energy equivalent of megatons of TNT.
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If the radius of the sun is 7.001×105 km, what is the average density of the sun in units of grams per cubic centimeter?
The volume of a sphere is (4/3)π r3.
The sun is a sphere with an estimated mass of 2.00×1030 kg.
What exactly is the conversion process for this?
1. The mass of the Sun is about 2x10³0 kg. The Sun was about 72% hydrogen when it first formed.
About 11% of the total amount of the Sun's hydrogen is available for fusion within the Sun's core.
[3 points]
(a) What is the total mass of hydrogen available for fusion, in kg?
(b) The Sun fuses about 600 billion kg of hydrogen each second. Calculate how long the Sun's
initial supply of hydrogen can last. Give your answer in both seconds and years. Hint: use the
result you calculated in part (a).
(c) We know that our Solar System is about 4.5 billion years old. Using your calculation above,
how much longer do we have until the Sun runs out of hydrogen?
Can you solve the problem, according to the information provided?
Chapter 8 Solutions
Foundations of Astronomy (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 8 - Prob. 1RQCh. 8 - Prob. 2RQCh. 8 - Prob. 3RQCh. 8 - Prob. 4RQCh. 8 - Prob. 5RQCh. 8 - Prob. 6RQCh. 8 - What evidence can you give that granulation is...Ch. 8 - Prob. 8RQCh. 8 - Prob. 9RQCh. 8 - Prob. 10RQ
Ch. 8 - Prob. 11RQCh. 8 - Prob. 12RQCh. 8 - Prob. 13RQCh. 8 - Prob. 14RQCh. 8 - Energy can be transported by convection,...Ch. 8 - Prob. 16RQCh. 8 - Prob. 17RQCh. 8 - Prob. 18RQCh. 8 - Prob. 19RQCh. 8 - Meridional is derived from meridian. Look up the...Ch. 8 - Prob. 21RQCh. 8 - Prob. 22RQCh. 8 - How can solar flares affect Earth?Ch. 8 - Prob. 24RQCh. 8 - Why does nuclear fusion require high temperatures...Ch. 8 - Prob. 26RQCh. 8 - Four protons are combined in the proton-proton...Ch. 8 - Give an example of a charged subatomic particle...Ch. 8 - Prob. 29RQCh. 8 - Prob. 30RQCh. 8 - Prob. 31RQCh. 8 - Prob. 32RQCh. 8 - Prob. 33RQCh. 8 - The radius of the Sun is 0.7 million km. What...Ch. 8 - Prob. 2PCh. 8 - Prob. 3PCh. 8 - What is the angular diameter of a star the same...Ch. 8 - If a sunspot has a temperature of 4200 K and the...Ch. 8 - How many watts of radiation does a 1-meter-square...Ch. 8 - If a sunspot has a temperature of 4200 K and the...Ch. 8 - Prob. 8PCh. 8 - Prob. 9PCh. 8 - Prob. 10PCh. 8 - Prob. 11PCh. 8 - Prob. 12PCh. 8 - Prob. 13PCh. 8 - Prob. 14PCh. 8 - The United States consumes about 2.5 1019 J of...Ch. 8 - Prob. 16PCh. 8 - Prob. 1SOPCh. 8 - Prob. 2SOPCh. 8 - Whenever there is a total solar eclipse, you can...Ch. 8 - Prob. 2LTLCh. 8 - Prob. 3LTLCh. 8 - Prob. 4LTLCh. 8 - The two images here show two solar phenomena. What...Ch. 8 - Prob. 6LTL
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, physics and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Now suppose that all of the hydrogen atoms in the Sun were converted into helium. How much total energy would be produced? (To calculate the answer, you will have to estimate how many hydrogen atoms are in the Sun. This will give you good practice with scientific notation, since the numbers involved are very large! See Appendix C for a review of scientific notation.)arrow_forwardThe United States consumes about 2.5 1019 J of energy in all forms in a year. How many years could you run the United States on the energy released by the solar flare in Problem 14?arrow_forwardIn the model shown in the table below, what fraction of the Sun's mass is hotter than 5,000,000 K? R/R SunT (106 K) Density (g/cm³) 1.00 0.90 0.80 0.70 0.60 0.50 0.40 0.30 0.20 0.10 0.00 0.006 0.60 1.2 2.3 3.1 4.9 5.1 6.9 9.3 13.1 15.7 0.00 0.009 0.035 0.12 0.40 1.3 4.1 13 36 89 150 M/M Sun L/L Sun 1.00 0.999 0.996 0.990 0.97 0.92 0.82 0.63 0.34 0.073 0.000 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.99 0.91 0.40 0.00arrow_forward
- The capture of too few solar neutrinos by Davis in the solar neutrino experiment a. can be explained if the sun is not undergoing thermonuclear fusion of hydrogen in its core. b. indicates that the sun’s core is much cooler than expected. c. indicates that the sun’s core is much hotter than expected. d. indicates that the sun’s core is convective. e. is explained by none of the above.arrow_forwardExplain neutrino oscillations and their consequences.arrow_forward1. The Sun’s mass is ~2x1030 kg. If 10% of this is Hydrogen available in the core, how long will the Sun be able to continue fusing hydrogen at this rate? This is considered the Sun's "lifetime". If the Sun is 4.6 billion years old (and assuming it's power output is constant), how many years does it have left?arrow_forward
- 10arrow_forwardThe United States consumes about 2.5 3 1019 J of energy in all forms in a year. How many years could you run the United States on the energy released by the solar flarearrow_forwardA speck of carbon dust may contain as many as 30 billion atoms of carbon, each atom having a mass of 2.00 x 10-23 grams. Suppose the mass of all the atoms in a speck of carbon dust were converted entirely to energy and applied to the kinetic energy of a baseball. How fast would the baseball be moving? (Mass of baseball = 0.145 kg. ) (1 gram = 1 x 103kg) (KE = ½ mv2) (1 billion = 1 x 109)arrow_forward
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