Concept explainers
a)
Interpretation:
To name the
Concept introduction:
The longest carbon chain containing the double bond to be chosen. Based on the name of the parent compound - the alkene name ends with the suffix -ene. The chain is to be numbered from the end that gives the lowest number to the carbon in double bond. Substituents are to be numbered according to their positions in the chain and listed alphabetically. The position of the double bond is indicated by giving the number of the first alkene carbon before the name of the parent name.
In skeletal structures the carbon and hydrogen atoms are not usually shown. Instead carbon atoms are assumed to be at each intersection of two lines and at the end of each line. Hydrogen atoms required are fitted mentally having in mind the valence of carbon is four. Atoms other than carbon and hydrogen are shown.
To name:
The alkene given and to draw its skeletal structure.
Answer to Problem 22VC
The IUPAC name of the compound is 2, 4, 5-trimethyl-2-hexene. Its skeletal structure is,
Explanation of Solution
The compound given has a continuous chain of six carbons with a double bond between C2 and C3 and three methyl substituents on C2, C4 and C5. Hence the name 2, 4, 5-trimethyl-2-hexene.
The IUPAC name of the compound is 2, 4, 5-trimethyl-2-hexene. Its skeletal structure is,
b)
Interpretation:
To name the alkene given and to draw its skeletal structure.
Concept introduction:
The maximum number of carbons in the ring is counted. Based on the name of the parent cycloalkane - the cycloalkene is named with the suffix -ene. The cycloalkane is numbered such that the double bond is in between C1 & C2 and the first substituent has the lowest number possible. Usually the position of a double bond is not shown in the name because it is always between C1 & C2. In dienes and trienes, however the position of double bonds is shown.
In skeletal structures the carbon and hydrogen atoms are not usually shown. Instead carbon atoms are assumed to be at each intersection of two lines and at the end of each line. Hydrogen atoms required are fitted mentally having in mind the valence of carbon is four. Atoms other than carbon and hydrogen are shown.
To name:
The alkene given and to draw its skeletal structure.
Answer to Problem 22VC
The IUPAC name of the compound is 1-ethyl-3, 3-dimethylcyclohexene. Its skeletal structure is,
Explanation of Solution
The compound given has a six membered ring with an ethyl group on C1 and two methyl groups both on C3. Hence the name is 1-ethyl-3, 3-dimethylcyclohexene.
The IUPAC name of the compound is 1-ethyl-3, 3-dimethylcyclohexene. Its skeletal structure is,
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