Chapter 7.9, Problem 29CC

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The products which are expected when $\text{tert-butyl}\text{bromide}$ undergoes solvolysis in $\text{isopropanol,}{\left({\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}\right)}_{\text{2}}\text{CHOH}$ has to be determined.

Concept introduction:

When a substrate undergoes substitution by the solvent, the process is called solvolysis. If the solvent is water the process is hydrolysis.

Example:

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Check whether the solvolysis of $\text{tert-butyl}\text{bromide}$ in isopropanol is to be faster or slower than solvolysis in ethanol. The dielectric constant of $\text{isopropanol}$ is $18$.

Concept introduction:

When a substrate undergoes substitution by the solvent, the process is called solvolysis. If the solvent is water the process is hydrolysis.

Example:

The dielectric constant of a solvent is the ability of the solvent to respond to an applied electric field. It has a significant effect on the rate of reaction and so a reaction involving a solvent with higher dielectric constant will proceed in a high rate.