Human Anatomy & Physiology (2nd Edition)
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9780134553511
Author: Erin C. Amerman
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 7.4, Problem 1QC
With which structures does the clavicle articulate?
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Kinetics: One-Compartment First-Order Absorption
1. In vivo testing provides valuable insight into a drug’s kinetics. Assessing drug kinetics following multiple routes of administration provides greater insight than a single route of administration alone. The following data was collected in 250-g rats following bolus IV, oral (PO), and intraperitoneal (ip) administration.
Using this data and set of graphs, determine:(calculate for each variable)
(a) k, C0, V, and AUC* for the bolus iv data
(b) k, ka, B1, and AUC* for the po data
c) k, ka, B1, and AUC* for the ip data
(d) relative bioavailability for po vs ip, Fpo/Fip
(e)absolute ip bioavailability, Fip
(f) absolute po bioavailability, Fpo
3. A promising new drug is being evaluated in human trials. Based on preliminary human tests, this drug is most effective when plasma levels exceed 30 mg/L. Measurements from preliminary tests indicate the following human pharmacokinetic parameter values: t1/2,elim = 4.6hr, t1/2,abs = 0.34hr, VD = 0.29 L/kg, Foral = 72%. Based on these parameters, estimate the following if a 49 kg woman were to receive a 1000mg oral dose of this drug:
(a) Estimate the plasma concentration of the drug at 1hr, 6 hr, and 20hr after taking the drug ( Concentration estimate)
(b) Estimate the time for maximum plasma concentration (tmax).
(c) Estimate the maximum plasma concentration (Cmax).
(d) Estimate the time at which the plasma level first rises above 30 mg/L. (Note this is a trial and error problem where you must guess a time, plug it into the concentration equation, and determine if it is close to 30 mg/L. Hint: based on part (a) it should be apparent that the answer is less than 1hr.)
(e)…
Chapter 7 Solutions
Human Anatomy & Physiology (2nd Edition)
Ch. 7.1 - 1. Which parts of the skeleton belong to the...Ch. 7.1 - Where are skeletal cartilages located?Ch. 7.1 - 3. What are some functions of bone markings?
Ch. 7.2 - 1. Match each bone with the correct description...Ch. 7.2 - 2. Which bones form the orbit?
Ch. 7.2 - 3. What are the paranasal sinuses, and how are...Ch. 7.2 - 4. How are the oral and nasal cavities related...Ch. 7.2 - What are fontanels, and why are they important in...Ch. 7.2 - Where are the six main fontanels located?Ch. 7.2 - What is unique about the hyoid bone?
Ch. 7.3 - 1. How many cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral,...Ch. 7.3 - Prob. 2QCCh. 7.3 - Compare scoliosis, lordosis, and kyphosis.Ch. 7.3 - How do the atlas and axis differ from other...Ch. 7.3 - Identify each of the following characteristics as...Ch. 7.3 - 6. Describe the structure of an intervertebral...Ch. 7.3 - 7. What are the three components of the sternum?
Ch. 7.3 - How do true, false, and floating ribs differ?Ch. 7.4 - With which structures does the clavicle...Ch. 7.4 - 2. What are the glenoid cavity, acromion, and...Ch. 7.4 - 3. With which structures does the humerus...Ch. 7.4 - Describe the structure and location of the...Ch. 7.4 - 5. How do the radius and ulna differ in their...Ch. 7.4 - Which parts of the radius and ulna articulate with...Ch. 7.4 - With what other bones do the radius and ulna...Ch. 7.4 - 8. List the proximal and distal carpal bones from...Ch. 7.4 - 9. How many metacarpals and phalanges are in the...Ch. 7.4 - 10. What are the three parts of a metacarpal and...Ch. 7.5 - With which bones does the femur articulate? Be...Ch. 7.5 - Which parts of the femur form these articulations?Ch. 7.5 - Prob. 3QCCh. 7.5 - 4. With which bones does the tibia articulate?...Ch. 7.5 - 5. What are the bony projections of the medial...Ch. 7.5 - What are the seven tarsal bones?Ch. 7.5 - How does the structure of the foot and toes...Ch. 7.5 - 8. What are the three arches of the foot?
Ch. 7 - 1. Which of the following are considered parts of...Ch. 7 - 2. ________is the anatomical name for a hole in a...Ch. 7 - Fill in the blanks: The two parietal bones are...Ch. 7 - Mark the following statements as true or false. If...Ch. 7 - The only moveable bone in the adult skull is the:...Ch. 7 - 6. The structure(s) that divide the nasal cavity...Ch. 7 - The soft spots in an infants skull are known as:...Ch. 7 - 8. Mark the following statements as true or...Ch. 7 - 9. Transverse foramina are a characteristic of...Ch. 7 - Fill in the blanks: The inferior portion of the...Ch. 7 - How do true, false, and floating ribs differ from...Ch. 7 - Which of the following portions of the scapula...Ch. 7 - Fill in the blanks: The only bone of the arm is...Ch. 7 - The elbow bone is called the: a. trochlea. b....Ch. 7 - Which of the following is not a proximal carpal...Ch. 7 - Mark the following statements as true or false. If...Ch. 7 - 17. The most lateral projection of the proximal...Ch. 7 - 18. Fill in the blanks: The bones of the leg are...Ch. 7 - 19. The heel bone is more properly known as...Ch. 7 - The arch(es) of the foot are the: a. transverse...Ch. 7 - How do the atlas (C1) and the axis (C2) differ...Ch. 7 - Explain how abnormal bone structure could affect...Ch. 7 - What structures form the knee and elbow joints? Of...Ch. 7 - A deviated septum results when the nasal septum is...Ch. 7 - Mrs. Dent presents to the clinic with back pain....Ch. 7 - You arrive on the scene where a person without a...Ch. 7 - Predict where each of the following structures is...
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