Microbiology Fundamentals: A Clinical Approach
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9781259709227
Author: Marjorie Kelly Cowan Professor, Heidi Smith
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Textbook Question
Chapter 7.3, Problem 9AYP
Name the three main catabolic pathways and the estimated ATP yield for each.
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Example: Oxidation of ethanol by NAD+ in the presence
catalyzed by alcohol dehydrogenase
Calculate the standard free energy change for the
reaction below:
Ethanol + NAD* 2 acetaldehydye + NADH + H*
Given the following information, calculate the catalytic efficiency of the enzyme. Step by step please
[S] = 100 mM
k1 = 10 sec-1
k2 = 3000 sec-1
k-1 = 20 sec-1
[E]T = 1 \muμM
The PDH complex is a logical point of regulation in metabolism, as it links two major
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a) Explain the advantage of E1, E2 and E3 working as a complex as opposed to
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c) NADH can inhibit the PDH complex directly or indirectly. What is the purpose of
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d) Explain the differences between direct and indirect inhibition by NADH. Be sure
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Chapter 7 Solutions
Microbiology Fundamentals: A Clinical Approach
Ch. 7.1 - Describe the relationship among metabolism,...Ch. 7.1 - Fully describe the structure and function of...Ch. 7.1 - Differentiate between constitutive and regulated...Ch. 7.1 - Diagram four major patterns of metabolic pathways.Ch. 7.1 - Describe how enzymes are controlled.Ch. 7.1 - NCLEX PREP 2. An enzyme that catalyzes starch is...Ch. 7.2 - Name the chemical in which energy is stored in...Ch. 7.2 - Create a general diagram of a redox reaction.Ch. 7.2 - Identify electron carriers used by cells.Ch. 7.2 - Prob. 3NP
Ch. 7.3 - Name the three main catabolic pathways and the...Ch. 7.3 - Construct a paragraph summarizing glycolysis.Ch. 7.3 - Describe the Krebs cycle, with emphasis on what...Ch. 7.3 - Discuss the significance of the electron transport...Ch. 7.3 - State two ways in which anaerobic respiration...Ch. 7.3 - Summarize the steps of microbial fermentation, and...Ch. 7.3 - Describe how noncarbohydrate compounds are...Ch. 7.3 - Q. From this information, can you identify another...Ch. 7.4 - Prob. 16AYPCh. 7.4 - Define amphibolism.Ch. 7.4 - Prob. 2MMCh. 7 - NCLEX PREP 1. Which of the following is/are...Ch. 7 - Prob. 1QCh. 7 - Prob. 2QCh. 7 - Prob. 3QCh. 7 - Prob. 4QCh. 7 - Prob. 5QCh. 7 - Prob. 6QCh. 7 - Prob. 7QCh. 7 - Prob. 8QCh. 7 - Prob. 9QCh. 7 - Prob. 10QCh. 7 - Prob. 11QCh. 7 - Prob. 12QCh. 7 - Prob. 13QCh. 7 - Prob. 14QCh. 7 - Prob. 15QCh. 7 - Prob. 16QCh. 7 - Defend this statement: Microbes (and their...Ch. 7 - Prob. 18QCh. 7 - Prob. 19QCh. 7 - Prob. 20QCh. 7 - Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a lab...Ch. 7 - From chapter 3, figure 3.15. On these depictions...
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- Lactate can be converted into pyruvate by the enzyme lactate dehydrogenase and the coenzyme NAD+. Write the reaction in the standard biochemical format, using a curved arrow to show the involvement of NAD+.arrow_forwardDescribe the cause and significance of metabolicsyndrome.arrow_forwardDiscuss the composition of the transition state for the formation of ATP by ATP Synthase. a) Where is the active site for this enzyme located? b) How are the amino acid side chains from the α and β subunits of ATP Synthase involved? c) Discuss the importance of Mg+2 in the mechanism of this enzyme.arrow_forward
- Compare the transketolase and transaldolase reactions in terms of substrates, products, mechanism, and cofactor requirement.arrow_forwardNAD+ coenzyme is required for the reaction of ethanol in the liver to ethanal and NADH. Write down the metabolic reaction below:arrow_forwardOnly the one question displayed is neededarrow_forward
- Determine whether the following statements are true or false:- a) The pentose phosphate pathway of glucose conversion is a supplier of NADPH (H +) for reductive syntheses. b) An overdose of insulin causes hypoglycemia in a patient with diabetes mellitus. c) Fructose-6-phosphate is an allosteric regulator of glycolysis.arrow_forwardATP synthase, hexokinase, and isocitrate dehydrogenase are important enzymes in aerobic respiration. Please provide a description for each enzyme containing the following information: (1) the metabolic stage in aerobic respiration they are involved in, (2) the enzyme class where they belong, and (3) the chemical eaction they catalyze.arrow_forwardUnder standard conditions, will the following reaction proceed spontaneously as written? Fumarate + NADH + H+⇌ succinate + NAD+arrow_forward
- Balance the following net reaction that occurs during oxidative phosphorylation. Use the smallest whole integers possible for the reaction stoichiometry. NADH+ FADH₂ + ADP+ 0₂+H+PO, ¹ NAD+FAD+ ATP+ +H₂Oarrow_forwardBriefly explain the mechanism by which ATP synthase produces ATP.List three locations in which ATP synthases are found.arrow_forward*Determine the ATP yield from the metabolism of one molecule of glucose under the following conditions: a) b) c) in a mammalian muscle cell carrying out anaerobic glycolysis. in Escherichia coli, an aerobic prokaryote in a mammalian brown fat cell, in which electron transport occurs without producing ATParrow_forward
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