The product for the given set of reactions should be identified. Concept Introduction S N 2 Reaction: It is a nucleophilic substitution reaction in which the rate determining step depends on both of the molecules involved. The bond making and the bond breaking process happens simultaneously in this reaction. Structure of the substrate plays major role in the reactivity of S N 2 reaction. If the substrate is more substituted then the rate of the reaction will becomes slower. Since the mechanism of S N 2 reaction proceeds through backside attack on the substrate, it depends on steric factor that if more groups attached near the leaving group the reactivity becomes slower. The S N 2 reactivity increases in molecule with better leaving group. Leaving group: it is a fragment that leaves substrate with a pair of electrons via heterolytic bond cleavage. Nucleophile: donates pair of electrons to positively charged substrate resulting in the formation of chemical bond .

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 7.3, Problem 2LTS

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The product for the given set of reactions should be identified.

Concept Introduction

$SN2$ Reaction: It is a nucleophilic substitution reaction in which the rate determining step depends on both of the molecules involved. The bond making and the bond breaking process happens simultaneously in this reaction.

Structure of the substrate plays major role in the reactivity of $SN2$ reaction. If the substrate is more substituted then the rate of the reaction will becomes slower. Since the mechanism of $SN2$ reaction proceeds through backside attack on the substrate, it depends on steric factor that if more groups attached near the leaving group the reactivity becomes slower. The $SN2$ reactivity increases in molecule with better leaving group.

Leaving group: it is a fragment that leaves substrate with a pair of electrons via heterolytic bond cleavage.

Nucleophile: donates pair of electrons to positively charged substrate resulting in the formation of chemical bond.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The product for the given set of reactions should be identified.

Concept Introduction

$SN2$ Reaction: It is a nucleophilic substitution reaction in which the rate determining step depends on both of the molecules involved. The bond making and the bond breaking process happens simultaneously in this reaction.

Structure of the substrate plays major role in the reactivity of $SN2$ reaction. If the substrate is more substituted then the rate of the reaction will becomes slower. Since the mechanism of $SN2$ reaction proceeds through backside attack on the substrate, it depends on steric factor that if more groups attached near the leaving group the reactivity becomes slower. The $SN2$ reactivity increases in molecule with better leaving group.

Leaving group: it is a fragment that leaves substrate with a pair of electrons via heterolytic bond cleavage.

Nucleophile: donates pair of electrons to positively charged substrate resulting in the formation of chemical bond.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The product for the given set of reactions should be identified.

Concept Introduction

$SN2$ Reaction: It is a nucleophilic substitution reaction in which the rate determining step depends on both of the molecules involved. The bond making and the bond breaking process happens simultaneously in this reaction.

Structure of the substrate plays major role in the reactivity of $SN2$ reaction. If the substrate is more substituted then the rate of the reaction will becomes slower. Since the mechanism of $SN2$ reaction proceeds through backside attack on the substrate, it depends on steric factor that if more groups attached near the leaving group the reactivity becomes slower. The $SN2$ reactivity increases in molecule with better leaving group.

Leaving group: it is a fragment that leaves substrate with a pair of electrons via heterolytic bond cleavage.

Nucleophile: donates pair of electrons to positively charged substrate resulting in the formation of chemical bond.

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Answer 2

Question

Chapter 7.3, Problem 2LTS

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The product for the given set of reactions should be identified.

Concept Introduction

$SN2$ Reaction: It is a nucleophilic substitution reaction in which the rate determining step depends on both of the molecules involved. The bond making and the bond breaking process happens simultaneously in this reaction.

Structure of the substrate plays major role in the reactivity of $SN2$ reaction. If the substrate is more substituted then the rate of the reaction will becomes slower. Since the mechanism of $SN2$ reaction proceeds through backside attack on the substrate, it depends on steric factor that if more groups attached near the leaving group the reactivity becomes slower. The $SN2$ reactivity increases in molecule with better leaving group.

Leaving group: it is a fragment that leaves substrate with a pair of electrons via heterolytic bond cleavage.

Nucleophile: donates pair of electrons to positively charged substrate resulting in the formation of chemical bond.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The product for the given set of reactions should be identified.

Concept Introduction

$SN2$ Reaction: It is a nucleophilic substitution reaction in which the rate determining step depends on both of the molecules involved. The bond making and the bond breaking process happens simultaneously in this reaction.

Structure of the substrate plays major role in the reactivity of $SN2$ reaction. If the substrate is more substituted then the rate of the reaction will becomes slower. Since the mechanism of $SN2$ reaction proceeds through backside attack on the substrate, it depends on steric factor that if more groups attached near the leaving group the reactivity becomes slower. The $SN2$ reactivity increases in molecule with better leaving group.

Leaving group: it is a fragment that leaves substrate with a pair of electrons via heterolytic bond cleavage.

Nucleophile: donates pair of electrons to positively charged substrate resulting in the formation of chemical bond.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The product for the given set of reactions should be identified.

Concept Introduction

$SN2$ Reaction: It is a nucleophilic substitution reaction in which the rate determining step depends on both of the molecules involved. The bond making and the bond breaking process happens simultaneously in this reaction.

Structure of the substrate plays major role in the reactivity of $SN2$ reaction. If the substrate is more substituted then the rate of the reaction will becomes slower. Since the mechanism of $SN2$ reaction proceeds through backside attack on the substrate, it depends on steric factor that if more groups attached near the leaving group the reactivity becomes slower. The $SN2$ reactivity increases in molecule with better leaving group.

Leaving group: it is a fragment that leaves substrate with a pair of electrons via heterolytic bond cleavage.

Nucleophile: donates pair of electrons to positively charged substrate resulting in the formation of chemical bond.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 7.3, Problem 2LTS

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The product for the given set of reactions should be identified.

Concept Introduction

$SN2$ Reaction: It is a nucleophilic substitution reaction in which the rate determining step depends on both of the molecules involved. The bond making and the bond breaking process happens simultaneously in this reaction.

Structure of the substrate plays major role in the reactivity of $SN2$ reaction. If the substrate is more substituted then the rate of the reaction will becomes slower. Since the mechanism of $SN2$ reaction proceeds through backside attack on the substrate, it depends on steric factor that if more groups attached near the leaving group the reactivity becomes slower. The $SN2$ reactivity increases in molecule with better leaving group.

Leaving group: it is a fragment that leaves substrate with a pair of electrons via heterolytic bond cleavage.

Nucleophile: donates pair of electrons to positively charged substrate resulting in the formation of chemical bond.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The product for the given set of reactions should be identified.

Concept Introduction

$SN2$ Reaction: It is a nucleophilic substitution reaction in which the rate determining step depends on both of the molecules involved. The bond making and the bond breaking process happens simultaneously in this reaction.

Structure of the substrate plays major role in the reactivity of $SN2$ reaction. If the substrate is more substituted then the rate of the reaction will becomes slower. Since the mechanism of $SN2$ reaction proceeds through backside attack on the substrate, it depends on steric factor that if more groups attached near the leaving group the reactivity becomes slower. The $SN2$ reactivity increases in molecule with better leaving group.

Leaving group: it is a fragment that leaves substrate with a pair of electrons via heterolytic bond cleavage.

Nucleophile: donates pair of electrons to positively charged substrate resulting in the formation of chemical bond.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The product for the given set of reactions should be identified.

Concept Introduction

$SN2$ Reaction: It is a nucleophilic substitution reaction in which the rate determining step depends on both of the molecules involved. The bond making and the bond breaking process happens simultaneously in this reaction.

Structure of the substrate plays major role in the reactivity of $SN2$ reaction. If the substrate is more substituted then the rate of the reaction will becomes slower. Since the mechanism of $SN2$ reaction proceeds through backside attack on the substrate, it depends on steric factor that if more groups attached near the leaving group the reactivity becomes slower. The $SN2$ reactivity increases in molecule with better leaving group.

Leaving group: it is a fragment that leaves substrate with a pair of electrons via heterolytic bond cleavage.

Nucleophile: donates pair of electrons to positively charged substrate resulting in the formation of chemical bond.

Expert Solution & Answer

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See solution

Answer 4

Question

Chapter 7.3, Problem 2LTS

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The product for the given set of reactions should be identified.

Concept Introduction

$SN2$ Reaction: It is a nucleophilic substitution reaction in which the rate determining step depends on both of the molecules involved. The bond making and the bond breaking process happens simultaneously in this reaction.

Structure of the substrate plays major role in the reactivity of $SN2$ reaction. If the substrate is more substituted then the rate of the reaction will becomes slower. Since the mechanism of $SN2$ reaction proceeds through backside attack on the substrate, it depends on steric factor that if more groups attached near the leaving group the reactivity becomes slower. The $SN2$ reactivity increases in molecule with better leaving group.

Leaving group: it is a fragment that leaves substrate with a pair of electrons via heterolytic bond cleavage.

Nucleophile: donates pair of electrons to positively charged substrate resulting in the formation of chemical bond.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The product for the given set of reactions should be identified.

Concept Introduction

$SN2$ Reaction: It is a nucleophilic substitution reaction in which the rate determining step depends on both of the molecules involved. The bond making and the bond breaking process happens simultaneously in this reaction.

Structure of the substrate plays major role in the reactivity of $SN2$ reaction. If the substrate is more substituted then the rate of the reaction will becomes slower. Since the mechanism of $SN2$ reaction proceeds through backside attack on the substrate, it depends on steric factor that if more groups attached near the leaving group the reactivity becomes slower. The $SN2$ reactivity increases in molecule with better leaving group.

Leaving group: it is a fragment that leaves substrate with a pair of electrons via heterolytic bond cleavage.

Nucleophile: donates pair of electrons to positively charged substrate resulting in the formation of chemical bond.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The product for the given set of reactions should be identified.

Concept Introduction

$SN2$ Reaction: It is a nucleophilic substitution reaction in which the rate determining step depends on both of the molecules involved. The bond making and the bond breaking process happens simultaneously in this reaction.

Structure of the substrate plays major role in the reactivity of $SN2$ reaction. If the substrate is more substituted then the rate of the reaction will becomes slower. Since the mechanism of $SN2$ reaction proceeds through backside attack on the substrate, it depends on steric factor that if more groups attached near the leaving group the reactivity becomes slower. The $SN2$ reactivity increases in molecule with better leaving group.

Leaving group: it is a fragment that leaves substrate with a pair of electrons via heterolytic bond cleavage.

Nucleophile: donates pair of electrons to positively charged substrate resulting in the formation of chemical bond.

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Answer 5

Chapter 7.3, Problem 2LTS

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The product for the given set of reactions should be identified.

Concept Introduction

$SN2$ Reaction: It is a nucleophilic substitution reaction in which the rate determining step depends on both of the molecules involved. The bond making and the bond breaking process happens simultaneously in this reaction.

Structure of the substrate plays major role in the reactivity of $SN2$ reaction. If the substrate is more substituted then the rate of the reaction will becomes slower. Since the mechanism of $SN2$ reaction proceeds through backside attack on the substrate, it depends on steric factor that if more groups attached near the leaving group the reactivity becomes slower. The $SN2$ reactivity increases in molecule with better leaving group.

Leaving group: it is a fragment that leaves substrate with a pair of electrons via heterolytic bond cleavage.

Nucleophile: donates pair of electrons to positively charged substrate resulting in the formation of chemical bond.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The product for the given set of reactions should be identified.

Concept Introduction

$SN2$ Reaction: It is a nucleophilic substitution reaction in which the rate determining step depends on both of the molecules involved. The bond making and the bond breaking process happens simultaneously in this reaction.

Structure of the substrate plays major role in the reactivity of $SN2$ reaction. If the substrate is more substituted then the rate of the reaction will becomes slower. Since the mechanism of $SN2$ reaction proceeds through backside attack on the substrate, it depends on steric factor that if more groups attached near the leaving group the reactivity becomes slower. The $SN2$ reactivity increases in molecule with better leaving group.

Leaving group: it is a fragment that leaves substrate with a pair of electrons via heterolytic bond cleavage.

Nucleophile: donates pair of electrons to positively charged substrate resulting in the formation of chemical bond.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The product for the given set of reactions should be identified.

Concept Introduction

$SN2$ Reaction: It is a nucleophilic substitution reaction in which the rate determining step depends on both of the molecules involved. The bond making and the bond breaking process happens simultaneously in this reaction.

Structure of the substrate plays major role in the reactivity of $SN2$ reaction. If the substrate is more substituted then the rate of the reaction will becomes slower. Since the mechanism of $SN2$ reaction proceeds through backside attack on the substrate, it depends on steric factor that if more groups attached near the leaving group the reactivity becomes slower. The $SN2$ reactivity increases in molecule with better leaving group.

Leaving group: it is a fragment that leaves substrate with a pair of electrons via heterolytic bond cleavage.

Nucleophile: donates pair of electrons to positively charged substrate resulting in the formation of chemical bond.

Answer 6

Chapter 7.3, Problem 2LTS

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The product for the given set of reactions should be identified.

Concept Introduction

$SN2$ Reaction: It is a nucleophilic substitution reaction in which the rate determining step depends on both of the molecules involved. The bond making and the bond breaking process happens simultaneously in this reaction.

Structure of the substrate plays major role in the reactivity of $SN2$ reaction. If the substrate is more substituted then the rate of the reaction will becomes slower. Since the mechanism of $SN2$ reaction proceeds through backside attack on the substrate, it depends on steric factor that if more groups attached near the leaving group the reactivity becomes slower. The $SN2$ reactivity increases in molecule with better leaving group.

Leaving group: it is a fragment that leaves substrate with a pair of electrons via heterolytic bond cleavage.

Nucleophile: donates pair of electrons to positively charged substrate resulting in the formation of chemical bond.

Answer 7

Chapter 7.3, Problem 2LTS

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The product for the given set of reactions should be identified.

Concept Introduction

$SN2$ Reaction: It is a nucleophilic substitution reaction in which the rate determining step depends on both of the molecules involved. The bond making and the bond breaking process happens simultaneously in this reaction.

Structure of the substrate plays major role in the reactivity of $SN2$ reaction. If the substrate is more substituted then the rate of the reaction will becomes slower. Since the mechanism of $SN2$ reaction proceeds through backside attack on the substrate, it depends on steric factor that if more groups attached near the leaving group the reactivity becomes slower. The $SN2$ reactivity increases in molecule with better leaving group.

Leaving group: it is a fragment that leaves substrate with a pair of electrons via heterolytic bond cleavage.

Nucleophile: donates pair of electrons to positively charged substrate resulting in the formation of chemical bond.

Answer 8

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The product for the given set of reactions should be identified.

Concept Introduction

$SN2$ Reaction: It is a nucleophilic substitution reaction in which the rate determining step depends on both of the molecules involved. The bond making and the bond breaking process happens simultaneously in this reaction.

Structure of the substrate plays major role in the reactivity of $SN2$ reaction. If the substrate is more substituted then the rate of the reaction will becomes slower. Since the mechanism of $SN2$ reaction proceeds through backside attack on the substrate, it depends on steric factor that if more groups attached near the leaving group the reactivity becomes slower. The $SN2$ reactivity increases in molecule with better leaving group.

Leaving group: it is a fragment that leaves substrate with a pair of electrons via heterolytic bond cleavage.

Nucleophile: donates pair of electrons to positively charged substrate resulting in the formation of chemical bond.

Answer 9

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The product for the given set of reactions should be identified.

Concept Introduction

$SN2$ Reaction: It is a nucleophilic substitution reaction in which the rate determining step depends on both of the molecules involved. The bond making and the bond breaking process happens simultaneously in this reaction.

Structure of the substrate plays major role in the reactivity of $SN2$ reaction. If the substrate is more substituted then the rate of the reaction will becomes slower. Since the mechanism of $SN2$ reaction proceeds through backside attack on the substrate, it depends on steric factor that if more groups attached near the leaving group the reactivity becomes slower. The $SN2$ reactivity increases in molecule with better leaving group.

Leaving group: it is a fragment that leaves substrate with a pair of electrons via heterolytic bond cleavage.

Nucleophile: donates pair of electrons to positively charged substrate resulting in the formation of chemical bond.

Answer 10

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The product for the given set of reactions should be identified.

Concept Introduction

$SN2$ Reaction: It is a nucleophilic substitution reaction in which the rate determining step depends on both of the molecules involved. The bond making and the bond breaking process happens simultaneously in this reaction.

Structure of the substrate plays major role in the reactivity of $SN2$ reaction. If the substrate is more substituted then the rate of the reaction will becomes slower. Since the mechanism of $SN2$ reaction proceeds through backside attack on the substrate, it depends on steric factor that if more groups attached near the leaving group the reactivity becomes slower. The $SN2$ reactivity increases in molecule with better leaving group.

Leaving group: it is a fragment that leaves substrate with a pair of electrons via heterolytic bond cleavage.

Nucleophile: donates pair of electrons to positively charged substrate resulting in the formation of chemical bond.

Answer 11

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The product for the given set of reactions should be identified.

Concept Introduction

$SN2$ Reaction: It is a nucleophilic substitution reaction in which the rate determining step depends on both of the molecules involved. The bond making and the bond breaking process happens simultaneously in this reaction.

Structure of the substrate plays major role in the reactivity of $SN2$ reaction. If the substrate is more substituted then the rate of the reaction will becomes slower. Since the mechanism of $SN2$ reaction proceeds through backside attack on the substrate, it depends on steric factor that if more groups attached near the leaving group the reactivity becomes slower. The $SN2$ reactivity increases in molecule with better leaving group.

Leaving group: it is a fragment that leaves substrate with a pair of electrons via heterolytic bond cleavage.

Nucleophile: donates pair of electrons to positively charged substrate resulting in the formation of chemical bond.

Answer 12

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Answer 13

Expert Solution & Answer

Answer 14

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Answer 15

Ch. 7.2 - Prob. 1CC Ch. 7.3 - Prob. 2CC Ch. 7.3 - Prob. 1LTS Ch. 7.3 - Prob. 3PTS Ch. 7.3 - Prob. 4ATS Ch. 7.3 - Prob. 2LTS Ch. 7.3 - Prob. 5PTS Ch. 7.3 - Prob. 6ATS Ch. 7.3 - Prob. 7CC Ch. 7.4 - Prob. 8CC

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