Chapter 7, Problem 7.4VP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The elements that form common monoatomic ions smaller than their parent atoms are to be stated. Also, the element that has the largest first and second ionization energy is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Ionization energy is defined as the amount of energy which is required to remove the electron from the valence shell or of an isolated gaseous atom. It measures the ability of an atom to lose an electron. The ionization energies decrease from top to bottom in a periodic table or increases from left to right across a period.

To determine: The elements that form common monoatomic ions smaller than their parent atoms.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The element that has the first largest ionization energy, ${\text{IE}}_{\text{1}}$.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The element that has the second largest ionization energy, ${\text{IE}}_2$.