Chapter 7, Problem

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The structure for the given compound.

Interpretation: The structure for the given compound is to be drawn.

Concept introduction: Alkenes and alkynes are unsaturated hydrocarbons and are named by identifying the longest chain of carbon atoms that contain double or triple bond, their names end by adding suffix –ene and –yne to the parent hydrocarbon.

Answer

The structure of $\text{3-methylpent-1-ene}$ is shown in Figure 1.

Explanation of Solution

The given compound is $\text{3-methylpent-1-ene}$. The root name $\text{pent-1-ene}$ signifies five carbon atoms in a chain with alkene group present on first carbon of a longest hydrocarbon chain. The number $3$ indicates that methyl group is present on $\text{C3}$. The structure is shown below.

Figure 1

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The structure for the given compound.

Interpretation: The structure for the given compound is to be drawn.

Concept introduction: Alkenes and alkynes are unsaturated hydrocarbons and are named by identifying the longest chain of carbon atoms that contain double or triple bond, their names end by adding suffix –ene and –yne to the parent hydrocarbon.

Answer

The structure of $\text{cis-3-methyl-3-hexene}$ is shown in Figure 2.

Explanation of Solution

The given compound is $\text{cis-3-methyl-3-hexene}$. The root name $\text{3-hexene}$ signifies six carbon atoms in a chain with alkene group present on third carbon of a longest hydrocarbon chain. The number $3$ indicates that methyl group is present on $\text{C3}$ in cis configuration. The structure is shown below.

Figure 2

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The structure for the given compound.

Interpretation: The structure for the given compound is to be drawn.

Concept introduction: Alkenes and alkynes are unsaturated hydrocarbons and are named by identifying the longest chain of carbon atoms that contain double or triple bond, their names end by adding suffix –ene and –yne to the parent hydrocarbon.

Answer

The structure of $\text{3,4-dibromobut-1-ene}$ is shown in Figure 3.

Explanation of Solution

The given compound is $\text{3,4-dibromobut-1-ene}$. The root name $\text{but-1-ene}$ signifies four carbon atoms in a chain with alkene group present on first carbon of a longest hydrocarbon chain. The number $\text{3,4-dibromo}$ indicates that bromine atoms are present on $\text{C3}$ and $\text{C4}$ respectively. The structure is shown below.

Figure 3

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The structure for the given compound.

Interpretation: The structure for the given compound is to be drawn.

Concept introduction: Alkenes and alkynes are unsaturated hydrocarbons and are named by identifying the longest chain of carbon atoms that contain double or triple bond, their names end by adding suffix –ene and –yne to the parent hydrocarbon.

Answer

The structure of $\text{1,3-cyclohexadiene}$ is shown in Figure 4.

Explanation of Solution

The given compound is $\text{1,3-cyclohexadiene}$. The root name $\text{cyclohexadiene}$ signifies six carbon atoms in a ring with alkene group. The number $1,3$ indicates that alkene groups are present on first and third carbon of a ring. The structure is shown below.

Figure 4

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The structure for the given compound.

Interpretation: The structure for the given compound is to be drawn.

Concept introduction: Alkenes and alkynes are unsaturated hydrocarbons and are named by identifying the longest chain of carbon atoms that contain double or triple bond, their names end by adding suffix –ene and –yne to the parent hydrocarbon.

Answer

The structure of $\text{cycloocta-1,4-diene}$ is shown in Figure 5.

Explanation of Solution

The given compound is $\text{cycloocta-1,4-diene}$. The root name $\text{cycloocta}$ signifies eight carbon atoms in a ring. The number $\text{1,4-diene}$ indicates that alkene groups are present on first and fourth carbon of a ring. The structure is shown below.

Figure 5

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The structure for the given compound.

Interpretation: The structure for the given compound is to be drawn.

Concept introduction: Alkenes and alkynes are unsaturated hydrocarbons and are named by identifying the longest chain of carbon atoms that contain double or triple bond, their names end by adding suffix –ene and –yne to the parent hydrocarbon.

Answer

The structure of $\left(\text{Z}\right)\text{-3-methyl-2-octene}$ is shown in Figure 6.

Explanation of Solution

The given compound is $\left(\text{Z}\right)\text{-3-methyl-2-octene}$. The root name $\text{2-octene}$ signifies eight carbon atoms in a chain with alkene group present on second carbon of a longest hydrocarbon chain. The number $\left(\text{Z}\right)\text{-3-methyl}$ indicates that methyl group is present on $\text{C3}$ in Z configuration. The structure is shown below.

Figure 6

(g)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The structure for the given compound.

Interpretation: The structure for the given compound is to be drawn.

Concept introduction: Alkanes are saturated hydrocarbons and their names end by adding suffix –ane to the parent hydrocarbon. Cycloalkanes are cyclic hydrocarbons in which carbons are arranged in the ring. Therefore, they are named by adding prefix cyclo to the name of the hydrocarbon.

Answer

The structure of vinylcyclopropane is shown in Figure 7.

Explanation of Solution

The given compound is vinylcyclopropane. The root name cyclopropane signifies three carbon atoms in a ring. Vinyl group is the functional group having a formula $-\text{CH}={\text{CH}}_{\text{2}}$. In vinylcyclopropane, vinyl group is attached to the cyclopropane. The structure is shown below.

Figure 7

(h)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The structure for the given compound.

Interpretation: The structure for the given compound is to be drawn.

Concept introduction: Alkenes and alkynes are unsaturated hydrocarbons and are named by identifying the longest chain of carbon atoms that contain double or triple bond, their names end by adding suffix –ene and –yne to the parent hydrocarbon.

Answer

The structure of $\left(\text{Z}\right)\text{-2-bromo-2-pentene}$ is shown in Figure 8.

Explanation of Solution

The given compound is $\left(\text{Z}\right)\text{-2-bromo-2-pentene}$. The root name $\text{2-pentene}$ signifies five carbon atoms in a chain with alkene group present on second carbon of a longest hydrocarbon chain. The number $\left(\text{Z}\right)\text{-2-bromo}$ indicates that bromo group is present on $\text{C2}$ in Z configuration. The structure is shown below.

Figure 8

(i)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The structure for the given compound.

Interpretation: The structure for the given compound is to be drawn.

Concept introduction: Alkenes and alkynes are unsaturated hydrocarbons and are named by identifying the longest chain of carbon atoms that contain double or triple bond, their names end by adding suffix –ene and –yne to the parent hydrocarbon.

Answer

The structure of $\left(\text{3Z,6E}\right)\text{-1,3,6-octatriene}$ is shown in Figure 9.

Explanation of Solution

The given compound is $\left(\text{3Z,6E}\right)\text{-1,3,6-octatriene}$. The root name $\text{octatriene}$ signifies eight carbon atoms in a chain with alkene group. The number $\text{1,3,6}$ indicates that the alkene groups are present on first, third and sixth carbon atoms of a longest hydrocarbon chain. The number $\left(\text{3Z,6E}\right)$ indicates that alkene groups are present on $\text{C3}$ in Z configuration and $\text{C6}$ in E configuration. The structure is shown below.

Figure 9