(a) Interpretation: Write an energy balance on the turbine and calculate the outlet stream temperature. Concept introduction: First law of Thermodynamics for a closed system. Δ u + Δ E k + Δ E p = Q − W The right hand side of the equation gives the total energy transferred to the system and the left hand side gives gain in total energy of the system. The definitions of the symbols are Δ u = Change in internal energy, Δ E k = Change in kinetic energy, Δ E p = Change in potential energy, Q = Heat added to system and W = Work done by the system

Question

If we assume a system with an anodic overpotential, the variation of n as a function of current density: 1. at low fields is linear 2. at higher fields, it follows Tafel's law Obtain the range of current densities for which the overpotential has the same value when calculated for 1 and 2 cases (maximum relative difference of 5% compared to the behavior for higher fields). To which overpotential range does this correspond? Data: i = 1.5 mA cm², T = 300°C, B = 0.64, R = 8.314 J K1 mol-1 and F = 96485 C mol-1.

Answer 1

Question

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Chapter 7, Problem 7.33P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

Write an energy balance on the turbine and calculate the outlet stream temperature.

Concept introduction:

First law of Thermodynamics for a closed system.

Δ u + Δ Ek+Δ Ep = Q−W

The right hand side of the equation gives the total energy transferred to the system and the left hand side gives gain in total energy of the system.

The definitions of the symbols are Δ u = Change in internal energy, Δ Ek = Change in kinetic energy, Δ Ep = Change in potential energy, Q = Heat added to system and W = Work done by the system

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

Write an overall energy balance equation for the heater and calculate the required input to steam.

Concept introduction:

First law of Thermodynamics for a closed system.

Δ u + Δ Ek+Δ Ep = Q−W

The right hand side of the equation gives the total energy transferred to the system and the left hand side gives gain in total energy of the system.

The definitions of the symbols are Δ u = Change in internal energy, Δ Ek = Change in kinetic energy, Δ Ep = Change in potential energy, Q = Heat added to system and W = Work done by the system

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

Verify that the overall energy balance on the units are satisfied.

Concept introduction:

First law of Thermodynamics for a closed system.

Δ u + Δ Ek+Δ Ep = Q−W

The right hand side of the equation gives the total energy transferred to the system and the left hand side gives gain in total energy of the system.

The definitions of the symbols are Δ u = Change in internal energy, Δ Ek = Change in kinetic energy, Δ Ep = Change in potential energy, Q = Heat added to system and W = Work done by the system

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

Show that it is reasonable to neglect the change in kinetic energy for this unit.

Concept introduction:

First law of Thermodynamics for a closed system.

Δ u + Δ Ek+Δ Ep = Q−W

The right hand side of the equation gives the total energy transferred to the system and the left hand side gives gain in total energy of the system.

The definitions of the symbols are Δ u = Change in internal energy, Δ Ek = Change in kinetic energy, Δ Ep = Change in potential energy, Q = Heat added to system and W = Work done by the system

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If we assume a system with an anodic overpotential, the variation of n as a function of current density: 1. at low fields is linear 2. at higher fields, it follows Tafel's law Obtain the range of current densities for which the overpotential has the same value when calculated for 1 and 2 cases (maximum relative difference of 5% compared to the behavior for higher fields). To which overpotential range does this correspond? Data: i = 1.5 mA cm², T = 300°C, B = 0.64, R = 8.314 J K1 mol-1 and F = 96485 C mol-1.

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Some of the theories used to describe interface structure can be distinguished by:1. the measured potential difference.2. the distribution of ions in solution.3. the calculation of charge density.4. the external Helmoltz plane.

Answer 2

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Chapter 7, Problem 7.33P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

Write an energy balance on the turbine and calculate the outlet stream temperature.

Concept introduction:

First law of Thermodynamics for a closed system.

Δ u + Δ Ek+Δ Ep = Q−W

The right hand side of the equation gives the total energy transferred to the system and the left hand side gives gain in total energy of the system.

The definitions of the symbols are Δ u = Change in internal energy, Δ Ek = Change in kinetic energy, Δ Ep = Change in potential energy, Q = Heat added to system and W = Work done by the system

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

Write an overall energy balance equation for the heater and calculate the required input to steam.

Concept introduction:

First law of Thermodynamics for a closed system.

Δ u + Δ Ek+Δ Ep = Q−W

The right hand side of the equation gives the total energy transferred to the system and the left hand side gives gain in total energy of the system.

The definitions of the symbols are Δ u = Change in internal energy, Δ Ek = Change in kinetic energy, Δ Ep = Change in potential energy, Q = Heat added to system and W = Work done by the system

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

Verify that the overall energy balance on the units are satisfied.

Concept introduction:

First law of Thermodynamics for a closed system.

Δ u + Δ Ek+Δ Ep = Q−W

The right hand side of the equation gives the total energy transferred to the system and the left hand side gives gain in total energy of the system.

The definitions of the symbols are Δ u = Change in internal energy, Δ Ek = Change in kinetic energy, Δ Ep = Change in potential energy, Q = Heat added to system and W = Work done by the system

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

Show that it is reasonable to neglect the change in kinetic energy for this unit.

Concept introduction:

First law of Thermodynamics for a closed system.

Δ u + Δ Ek+Δ Ep = Q−W

The right hand side of the equation gives the total energy transferred to the system and the left hand side gives gain in total energy of the system.

The definitions of the symbols are Δ u = Change in internal energy, Δ Ek = Change in kinetic energy, Δ Ep = Change in potential energy, Q = Heat added to system and W = Work done by the system

Expert Solution & Answer

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Answer 3

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Chapter 7, Problem 7.33P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

Write an energy balance on the turbine and calculate the outlet stream temperature.

Concept introduction:

First law of Thermodynamics for a closed system.

Δ u + Δ Ek+Δ Ep = Q−W

The right hand side of the equation gives the total energy transferred to the system and the left hand side gives gain in total energy of the system.

The definitions of the symbols are Δ u = Change in internal energy, Δ Ek = Change in kinetic energy, Δ Ep = Change in potential energy, Q = Heat added to system and W = Work done by the system

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

Write an overall energy balance equation for the heater and calculate the required input to steam.

Concept introduction:

First law of Thermodynamics for a closed system.

Δ u + Δ Ek+Δ Ep = Q−W

The right hand side of the equation gives the total energy transferred to the system and the left hand side gives gain in total energy of the system.

The definitions of the symbols are Δ u = Change in internal energy, Δ Ek = Change in kinetic energy, Δ Ep = Change in potential energy, Q = Heat added to system and W = Work done by the system

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

Verify that the overall energy balance on the units are satisfied.

Concept introduction:

First law of Thermodynamics for a closed system.

Δ u + Δ Ek+Δ Ep = Q−W

The right hand side of the equation gives the total energy transferred to the system and the left hand side gives gain in total energy of the system.

The definitions of the symbols are Δ u = Change in internal energy, Δ Ek = Change in kinetic energy, Δ Ep = Change in potential energy, Q = Heat added to system and W = Work done by the system

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

Show that it is reasonable to neglect the change in kinetic energy for this unit.

Concept introduction:

First law of Thermodynamics for a closed system.

Δ u + Δ Ek+Δ Ep = Q−W

The right hand side of the equation gives the total energy transferred to the system and the left hand side gives gain in total energy of the system.

The definitions of the symbols are Δ u = Change in internal energy, Δ Ek = Change in kinetic energy, Δ Ep = Change in potential energy, Q = Heat added to system and W = Work done by the system

Expert Solution & Answer

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Answer 4

Question

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Chapter 7, Problem 7.33P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

Write an energy balance on the turbine and calculate the outlet stream temperature.

Concept introduction:

First law of Thermodynamics for a closed system.

Δ u + Δ Ek+Δ Ep = Q−W

The right hand side of the equation gives the total energy transferred to the system and the left hand side gives gain in total energy of the system.

The definitions of the symbols are Δ u = Change in internal energy, Δ Ek = Change in kinetic energy, Δ Ep = Change in potential energy, Q = Heat added to system and W = Work done by the system

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

Write an overall energy balance equation for the heater and calculate the required input to steam.

Concept introduction:

First law of Thermodynamics for a closed system.

Δ u + Δ Ek+Δ Ep = Q−W

The right hand side of the equation gives the total energy transferred to the system and the left hand side gives gain in total energy of the system.

The definitions of the symbols are Δ u = Change in internal energy, Δ Ek = Change in kinetic energy, Δ Ep = Change in potential energy, Q = Heat added to system and W = Work done by the system

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

Verify that the overall energy balance on the units are satisfied.

Concept introduction:

First law of Thermodynamics for a closed system.

Δ u + Δ Ek+Δ Ep = Q−W

The right hand side of the equation gives the total energy transferred to the system and the left hand side gives gain in total energy of the system.

The definitions of the symbols are Δ u = Change in internal energy, Δ Ek = Change in kinetic energy, Δ Ep = Change in potential energy, Q = Heat added to system and W = Work done by the system

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

Show that it is reasonable to neglect the change in kinetic energy for this unit.

Concept introduction:

First law of Thermodynamics for a closed system.

Δ u + Δ Ek+Δ Ep = Q−W

The right hand side of the equation gives the total energy transferred to the system and the left hand side gives gain in total energy of the system.

The definitions of the symbols are Δ u = Change in internal energy, Δ Ek = Change in kinetic energy, Δ Ep = Change in potential energy, Q = Heat added to system and W = Work done by the system

Expert Solution & Answer

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Answer 5

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Answer 6

Question

100%

Answer 7

Chapter 7, Problem 7.33P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

Write an energy balance on the turbine and calculate the outlet stream temperature.

Concept introduction:

First law of Thermodynamics for a closed system.

Δ u + Δ Ek+Δ Ep = Q−W

The right hand side of the equation gives the total energy transferred to the system and the left hand side gives gain in total energy of the system.

The definitions of the symbols are Δ u = Change in internal energy, Δ Ek = Change in kinetic energy, Δ Ep = Change in potential energy, Q = Heat added to system and W = Work done by the system

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

Write an overall energy balance equation for the heater and calculate the required input to steam.

Concept introduction:

First law of Thermodynamics for a closed system.

Δ u + Δ Ek+Δ Ep = Q−W

The right hand side of the equation gives the total energy transferred to the system and the left hand side gives gain in total energy of the system.

The definitions of the symbols are Δ u = Change in internal energy, Δ Ek = Change in kinetic energy, Δ Ep = Change in potential energy, Q = Heat added to system and W = Work done by the system

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

Verify that the overall energy balance on the units are satisfied.

Concept introduction:

First law of Thermodynamics for a closed system.

Δ u + Δ Ek+Δ Ep = Q−W

The right hand side of the equation gives the total energy transferred to the system and the left hand side gives gain in total energy of the system.

The definitions of the symbols are Δ u = Change in internal energy, Δ Ek = Change in kinetic energy, Δ Ep = Change in potential energy, Q = Heat added to system and W = Work done by the system

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

Show that it is reasonable to neglect the change in kinetic energy for this unit.

Concept introduction:

First law of Thermodynamics for a closed system.

Δ u + Δ Ek+Δ Ep = Q−W

The right hand side of the equation gives the total energy transferred to the system and the left hand side gives gain in total energy of the system.

The definitions of the symbols are Δ u = Change in internal energy, Δ Ek = Change in kinetic energy, Δ Ep = Change in potential energy, Q = Heat added to system and W = Work done by the system

Answer 8

Chapter 7, Problem 7.33P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

Write an energy balance on the turbine and calculate the outlet stream temperature.

Concept introduction:

First law of Thermodynamics for a closed system.

Δ u + Δ Ek+Δ Ep = Q−W

The right hand side of the equation gives the total energy transferred to the system and the left hand side gives gain in total energy of the system.

The definitions of the symbols are Δ u = Change in internal energy, Δ Ek = Change in kinetic energy, Δ Ep = Change in potential energy, Q = Heat added to system and W = Work done by the system

Answer 9

Chapter 7, Problem 7.33P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

Write an energy balance on the turbine and calculate the outlet stream temperature.

Concept introduction:

First law of Thermodynamics for a closed system.

Δ u + Δ Ek+Δ Ep = Q−W

The right hand side of the equation gives the total energy transferred to the system and the left hand side gives gain in total energy of the system.

The definitions of the symbols are Δ u = Change in internal energy, Δ Ek = Change in kinetic energy, Δ Ep = Change in potential energy, Q = Heat added to system and W = Work done by the system

Answer 10

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

Write an overall energy balance equation for the heater and calculate the required input to steam.

Concept introduction:

First law of Thermodynamics for a closed system.

Δ u + Δ Ek+Δ Ep = Q−W

The right hand side of the equation gives the total energy transferred to the system and the left hand side gives gain in total energy of the system.

The definitions of the symbols are Δ u = Change in internal energy, Δ Ek = Change in kinetic energy, Δ Ep = Change in potential energy, Q = Heat added to system and W = Work done by the system

Answer 11

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

Write an overall energy balance equation for the heater and calculate the required input to steam.

Concept introduction:

First law of Thermodynamics for a closed system.

Δ u + Δ Ek+Δ Ep = Q−W

The right hand side of the equation gives the total energy transferred to the system and the left hand side gives gain in total energy of the system.

The definitions of the symbols are Δ u = Change in internal energy, Δ Ek = Change in kinetic energy, Δ Ep = Change in potential energy, Q = Heat added to system and W = Work done by the system

Answer 12

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

Verify that the overall energy balance on the units are satisfied.

Concept introduction:

First law of Thermodynamics for a closed system.

Δ u + Δ Ek+Δ Ep = Q−W

The right hand side of the equation gives the total energy transferred to the system and the left hand side gives gain in total energy of the system.

The definitions of the symbols are Δ u = Change in internal energy, Δ Ek = Change in kinetic energy, Δ Ep = Change in potential energy, Q = Heat added to system and W = Work done by the system

Answer 13

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

Verify that the overall energy balance on the units are satisfied.

Concept introduction:

First law of Thermodynamics for a closed system.

Δ u + Δ Ek+Δ Ep = Q−W

The right hand side of the equation gives the total energy transferred to the system and the left hand side gives gain in total energy of the system.

The definitions of the symbols are Δ u = Change in internal energy, Δ Ek = Change in kinetic energy, Δ Ep = Change in potential energy, Q = Heat added to system and W = Work done by the system

Answer 14

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

Show that it is reasonable to neglect the change in kinetic energy for this unit.

Concept introduction:

First law of Thermodynamics for a closed system.

Δ u + Δ Ek+Δ Ep = Q−W

The right hand side of the equation gives the total energy transferred to the system and the left hand side gives gain in total energy of the system.

The definitions of the symbols are Δ u = Change in internal energy, Δ Ek = Change in kinetic energy, Δ Ep = Change in potential energy, Q = Heat added to system and W = Work done by the system

Answer 15

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

Show that it is reasonable to neglect the change in kinetic energy for this unit.

Concept introduction:

First law of Thermodynamics for a closed system.

Δ u + Δ Ek+Δ Ep = Q−W

The right hand side of the equation gives the total energy transferred to the system and the left hand side gives gain in total energy of the system.

The definitions of the symbols are Δ u = Change in internal energy, Δ Ek = Change in kinetic energy, Δ Ep = Change in potential energy, Q = Heat added to system and W = Work done by the system

Answer 16

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Ch. 7 - A certain gasoline engine has an efficiency of...Ch. 7 - Prob. 7.2P Ch. 7 - Prob. 7.3P Ch. 7 - Prob. 7.4P Ch. 7 - Liquid ethanol is pumped from a large storage tank...Ch. 7 - Air at 300°C and 130 kPa flows through a...Ch. 7 - Prob. 7.7P Ch. 7 - Prob. 7.8P Ch. 7 - Prob. 7.9P Ch. 7 - Prob. 7.10P

Chapter 7 Solutions