Chemistry for Today: General  Organic  and Biochemistry
Chemistry for Today: General Organic and Biochemistry
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781337514576
Author: Seager
Publisher: Cengage
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Chapter 7, Problem 7.31E
Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The concentration in %(w/w) of 5.20g of CaCl2 dissolved in 125mL of water is to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

A solution is prepared by mixing proper amount of solute and solvent. The concentration of solution when measured on the basis of solution volume, is expressed in terms of percent weight by volume (%w/v), percent volume by volume (%v/v) and molarity (M). When concentration is measured on the basis of mass of solvent, it is expressed in terms of percent weight by weight (%w/w).

Expert Solution
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Answer to Problem 7.31E

The concentration in %(w/w) of 5.20g of CaCl2 dissolved in 125mL of water is 3.99%w/w.

Explanation of Solution

The formula to calculate concentration in %(w/w) is given below as,

%(w/w)=SoluteMassSolutionMass×100

The density of water is 1.00g/mL. Thus, the mass of water is equal to its volume. Hence in this case the mass of solution is taken as 125g. Substitute the value of mass of salt and mass of solution in the above equation as follows.

%(w/w)=Massof CaCl2SolutionMass×100=5.20g(125+5.20)g×100=5.20g130.2g×100=3.99%w/w

Conclusion

The concentration in %(w/w) of 5.20g of CaCl2 dissolved in 125mL of water is 3.99%w/w.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The concentration in %(w/w) of 0.200mol of solid KBr dissolved in 200.mL of water is to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

A solution is prepared by mixing proper amount of solute and solvent. The concentration of solution when measured on the basis of solution volume, is expressed in terms of percent weight by volume (%w/v), percent volume by volume (%v/v) and molarity (M). When concentration is measured on the basis of mass of solvent, it is expressed in terms of percent weight by weight (%w/w).

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 7.31E

The concentration in %(w/w) of 0.200mol of solid KBr dissolved in 200.mL of water is 10.63%w/w.

Explanation of Solution

The formula to calculate number of moles of solutes is given below as,

Molesofsolute=MassofsoluteMolarmassofsolute

Rearrange the above equation for mass of solute as follows.

Molesofsolute=MassofsoluteMolarmassofsoluteMassofsolute=Molesofsolute×Molarmassofsolute

The molar mass of KBr can be calculated as follows.

KBr=(1×K)+(1×Br)=(1×39.0983)+(79.904×1)=119.002g/mol

Substitute the values in the above equation as follows.

MassofKBr=MolesofKBr×MolarmassofKBr=0.200mol×119.002g/mol=23.8g

The formula to calculate concentration in %(w/w) is given below as,

%(w/w)=SoluteMassSolutionMass×100

The density of water is 1.00g/mL. Thus, the mass of water is equal to its volume. Hence in this case the mass of solution is taken as 200.g. Substitute the value of mass of solute and mass of solution in the above equation as follows.

%(w/w)=MassofKBrSolutionMass×100=23.8g(200+23.8)g×100=23.8g223.8g×100=10.63%w/w

Conclusion

The concentration in %(w/w) of 0.200mol of solid KBr dissolved in 200.mL of water is 10.63%w/w.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The concentration in %(w/w) of 50.0g of solid dissolved in 250.mL of water is to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

A solution is prepared by mixing proper amount of solute and solvent. The concentration of solution when measured on the basis of solution volume, is expressed in terms of percent weight by volume (%w/v), percent volume by volume (%v/v) and molarity (M). When concentration is measured on the basis of mass of solvent, it is expressed in terms of percent weight by weight (%w/w).

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 7.31E

The concentration in %(w/w) of 50.0g of solid dissolved in 250.mL of water is 16.67%w/w.

Explanation of Solution

The formula to calculate concentration in %(w/w) is given below as,

%(w/w)=SoluteMassSolutionMass×100

The density of water is 1.00g/mL. Thus, the mass of water is equal to its volume. Hence in this case the mass of solution is taken as 250g. Substitute the value of mass of solute and mass of solution in the above equation as follows.

%(w/w)=SoluteMassSolutionMass×100=50.0g(250+50)g×100=50g300g×100=16.67%w/w

Conclusion

The concentration in %(w/w) of 50.0g of solid dissolved in 250.mL of water is 16.67%w/w.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The concentration in %(w/w) of 10.0mL of ethyl alcohol (density =0.789g/mL) mixed with 10.0mL of ethylene glycol (density =1.11g/mL) is to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

A solution is prepared by mixing proper amount of solute and solvent. The concentration of solution when measured on the basis of solution volume, it is expressed in terms of percent weight by volume (%w/v), percent volume by volume (%v/v) and molarity (M). When concentration is measured on the basis of mass of solvent, it is expressed in terms of percent weight by weight (%w/w).

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 7.31E

The concentration in %(w/w) of 10.0mL of ethyl alcohol (density =0.789g/mL) mixed with 10.0mL of ethylene glycol (density =1.11g/mL) is 41.55%w/w.

Explanation of Solution

The formula to calculate concentration in %(w/w) is given below as,

%(w/w)=SoluteMassSolutionMass×100 …(1)

The formula to calculate density is given below as,

d=mV

Where,

m is the mass of the substance.

V is the volume of the substance.

d is the density of the substance.

The density of ethyl alcohol is 0.789g/mL. Thus, the mass of 10.0mL of ethyl alcohol can be calculated as follows.

d=mVm=d×V=0.789g/mL×10.0mL=7.89g

The density of ethylene glycol is 1.11g/mL. Thus, the mass of 10.0mL of ethylene glycol can be calculated as follows.

d=mVm=d×V=1.11g/mL×10.0mL=11.1g

Substitute the value of mass of ethyl alcohol and mass of solution in the equation (1) as follows.

%(w/w)=Massofethyl alcoholSolutionMass×100=7.89g(11.1g+7.89)g×100=7.89g18.99g×100=41.55%w/w

Conclusion

The concentration in %(w/w) of 10.0mL of ethyl alcohol (density =0.789g/mL) mixed with 10.0mL of ethylene glycol (density =1.11g/mL) is 41.55%w/w.

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Chapter 7 Solutions

Chemistry for Today: General Organic and Biochemistry

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