College Physics
OER 2016 Edition
ISBN: 9781947172173
Author: OpenStax
Publisher: OpenStax College
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Chapter 7, Problem 6TP
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Chapter 7 Solutions
College Physics
Ch. 7 - Give an example of something think of as work in...Ch. 7 - Give an example of a situation in which there is a...Ch. 7 - Describe a situation in which a force is exerted...Ch. 7 - The person in Figure 7.33 does work on the lawn...Ch. 7 - Work done on a system puts energy into it Work...Ch. 7 - When solving for speed in Example 7.4, we kept...Ch. 7 - In Example 7.7, we calculated the final speed of a...Ch. 7 - Does the work you do on a book when you lift it...Ch. 7 - What is a conservative force?Ch. 7 - The force exerted by a diving board is...
Ch. 7 - Define mechanical energy. What is the relationship...Ch. 7 - What is the relationship of potential energy to...Ch. 7 - Consider the following scenario. A car for which...Ch. 7 - Describe the energy transfers and transformations...Ch. 7 - Do devices with efficiencies of less than one...Ch. 7 - List four different forms or types of energy. Give...Ch. 7 - List the energy conversions that occur when riding...Ch. 7 - Most electrical appliances are rated in watts....Ch. 7 - Explain, in terms of the definition of power, why...Ch. 7 - A spark of static electricity, such as that you...Ch. 7 - Explain why it is easier to climb a mountain on a...Ch. 7 - Do you do work on the outside world when you rub...Ch. 7 - Shivering is an involuntary response to lowered...Ch. 7 - Discuss the relative effectiveness of dieting and...Ch. 7 - What is the difference between energy conservation...Ch. 7 - If the efficiency of a coal-fired electrical...Ch. 7 - How much work does a supermarket checkout...Ch. 7 - A 75.0-kg person climbs stairs, gaining 2.50...Ch. 7 - (a) Calculate the work done on a 1500-kg elevator...Ch. 7 - Suppose a car travels 108 km at a speed of 30.0...Ch. 7 - Calculate the work done by an 85.0-kg man who...Ch. 7 - How much work is done by the boy pulling his...Ch. 7 - A shopper pushes a grocery cart 20.0 m at constant...Ch. 7 - Suppose the ski patrol lowers a rescue sled and...Ch. 7 - Compare the kinetic energy of a 20,000-kg truck...Ch. 7 - (a) How fast must a 3000-kg elephant move to have...Ch. 7 - Confirm the value given for the kinetic energy of...Ch. 7 - (a) Calculate the force needed to bring a 950-kg...Ch. 7 - A car's bumper is designed to withstand a 4.0-km/h...Ch. 7 - Boxing gloves are padded to lessen the force of a...Ch. 7 - Using energy considerations, calculate the average...Ch. 7 - A hydroelectric power facility (see Figure 7.38)...Ch. 7 - (a) How much gravitational potential energy...Ch. 7 - Suppose a 350-g kookaburra (a large kingfisher...Ch. 7 - In Example 7.7, we found that the speed of a...Ch. 7 - A 100-g toy car is propelled by a compressed...Ch. 7 - In a downhill ski race, surprisingly, little...Ch. 7 - A 5.00105 -kg subway train is brought to a stop...Ch. 7 - A pogo stick has a spring with a force constant of...Ch. 7 - A 60.0-kg skier with an initial speed of 12.0 m/s...Ch. 7 - (a) How high a hill can a car coast up (engine...Ch. 7 - Using values from Table 7.1, how many DNA...Ch. 7 - Using energy considerations and assuming...Ch. 7 - If the energy in fusion bombs were used to supply...Ch. 7 - (a) Use of hydrogen fusion to supply energy is a...Ch. 7 - The Crab Nebula (see Figure 7.41) pulsar is the...Ch. 7 - Suppose a star 1000 times brighter than our Sun...Ch. 7 - A person in good physical condition can put out...Ch. 7 - What is the cost of operating a 3.00-W electric...Ch. 7 - A large household air conditioner may consume 15.0...Ch. 7 - (a) What is the average power consumption in watts...Ch. 7 - (a) What is the average useful power output of a...Ch. 7 - A 500-kg dragster accelerates from rest to a final...Ch. 7 - (a) How long will it take an 850-kg car with a...Ch. 7 - (a) Find the useful power output of an elevator...Ch. 7 - (a) What is the available energy content, in...Ch. 7 - (a) How long would it takea 1.50105 -kg airplane...Ch. 7 - Calculate the power output needed for a 950-kg car...Ch. 7 - (a) Calculate the power per square meter reaching...Ch. 7 - (a) How long can you rapidly climb stairs...Ch. 7 - (a) What is the power output in watts and...Ch. 7 - Calculate the power output in watts and horsepower...Ch. 7 - (a) What is the efficiency of an out-of-condition...Ch. 7 - Energy that is not utilized for work or heat...Ch. 7 - Using data from Table 7.5, calculate the daily...Ch. 7 - What is the efficiency of a subject on a treadmill...Ch. 7 - Shoveling snow can be extremely taxing because the...Ch. 7 - Very large forces are produced in joints when a...Ch. 7 - Jogging on hard surfaces with insufficiently...Ch. 7 - (a) Calculate the energy in kJ used by a 55.0-kg...Ch. 7 - Kanellos Kanellopoulos flew 119 km from Crete to...Ch. 7 - The swimmer shown in Figure 7.44 exerts an average...Ch. 7 - Mountain climbers carry bottled oxygen when at...Ch. 7 - The awe-inspiring Great Pyramid of Cheops was...Ch. 7 - (a) How long can you play tennis on the 800 kJ...Ch. 7 - Integrated Concepts (a) Calculate the force the...Ch. 7 - Integrated Concepts A 75.0-kg cross-country skier...Ch. 7 - Integrated Concepts The 70.0-kg swimmer in Figure...Ch. 7 - Integrated Concepts A toy gun uses a spring with a...Ch. 7 - Integrated Concepts (a) What force must be...Ch. 7 - Unreasonable Results A car advertisement claims...Ch. 7 - Unreasonable Results Body fat is metabolized,...Ch. 7 - Construct Your Own Problem Consider a person...Ch. 7 - Construct Your Own Problem Consider humans...Ch. 7 - Integrated Concepts A 105-kg basketball player...Ch. 7 - Prob. 1TPCh. 7 - Prob. 2TPCh. 7 - Prob. 3TPCh. 7 - Prob. 4TPCh. 7 - Prob. 5TPCh. 7 - Prob. 6TPCh. 7 - Prob. 7TPCh. 7 - Prob. 8TPCh. 7 - Prob. 9TPCh. 7 - Prob. 10TPCh. 7 - Prob. 11TPCh. 7 - Prob. 12TPCh. 7 - Prob. 13TPCh. 7 - Prob. 14TPCh. 7 - Prob. 15TPCh. 7 - Prob. 16TPCh. 7 - Prob. 17TPCh. 7 - Prob. 18TPCh. 7 - Prob. 19TPCh. 7 - Prob. 20TPCh. 7 - Prob. 21TPCh. 7 - Prob. 22TPCh. 7 - Prob. 23TPCh. 7 - Prob. 24TPCh. 7 - Prob. 25TPCh. 7 - Prob. 26TPCh. 7 - Prob. 27TPCh. 7 - Prob. 28TPCh. 7 - Prob. 29TPCh. 7 - Prob. 30TPCh. 7 - Prob. 31TPCh. 7 - 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- . The fastest that a human has run is about 12 m/s. (a) If a pole vaulter could run this fast and convert all of her kinetic energy into gravitational potential energy, how high would she go? (b) Compare this height with the world record in the pole vault.arrow_forwardExplorers in the jungle find an ancient monument in the shape of a large isosceles triangle as shown in Figure P9.25. The monument is made from tens of thousands of small stone blocks of density 3 800 kg/m3. The monument is 15.7 m high and 64.8 m wide at its base and is everywhere 3.60 m thick from front to back. Before the monument was built many years ago, all the stone blocks lay on the ground. How much work did laborers do on the blocks to put them in position while building the entire monument? Note: The gravitational potential energy of an objectEarth system is given by Ug = MgyCM, where M is the total mass of the object and yCM is the elevation of its center of mass above the chosen reference level.arrow_forwardSuppose a car travels 108 km at a speed of 30.0 m/s, and uses 2.0 gal of gasoline. Only 30% of the gasoline goes into useful work by the force that keeps the car moving at constant speed despite friction. (See Table 7.1 for the energy content of gasoline.) (a) What is the magnitude of the force exerted to keep the car moving at constant speed? (b) If the required force is directly proportional to speed, how many gallons will be used to drive 108 km at a speed of 28.0 m/s?arrow_forward
- A student has the idea that the total work done on an object is equal to its final kinetic energy. Is this idea true always, sometimes, or never? Ii it is sometimes true, under what circumstances? If it is always or never true, explain why.arrow_forwardIf you run down some stairs and stop, what happens to your kinetic energy and your initial gravitational potential energy?arrow_forwardKanellos Kanellopoulos flew 119 km from Crete to Santorini, Greece, on April 23, 1988, in the Daedalus 88, an aircraft powered by a bicycle-type drive mechanism (see Figure 7.43). His useful power output for the 234-min trip was about 350 W. Using the efficiency for cycling from Table 7.2, calculate the food energy in kilojoules he metabolized during the flight. Figure 7.43 The Daedalus 88 in flight. (credit: NASA photo by Beasley)arrow_forward
- The awe-inspiring Great Pyramid of Cheops was built more than 4500 years ago. Its square base, originally 230 m on a side, covered 13.1 acres, and it was 146 m high, with a mass of about 7109 kg. (The pyramid's dimensions are slightly different today due to quarrying and some sagging.) Historians estimate that 20,000 workers spent 20 years to construct it, working 12-hour days, 330 days per year. (a) Calculate the gravitational potential energy stored in the pyramid, given its center of mass is at one-fourth its height. (b) Only a fraction of the workers lifted blocks; most were involved in support services such as building ramps (see Figure 7.45), bringing food and water, and hauling blocks to the site. Calculate the efficiency of the workers who did the lifting, assuming there were 1000 of them and they consumed food energy at the rate of 300 kcal/h. What does your answer imply about how much of their work went into block-lifting, versus how much work went into friction and lifting and lowering their own bodies? (c) Calculate the mass of food that had to be supplied each day, assuming that the average worker required 3600 kcal per day and that their diet was 5% protein, 60% carbohydrate, and 35% fat. (These proportions neglect the mass of bulk and non-digestible materials consumed.) Figure 7.45 Ancient pyramids were probably constructed using ramps as simple machines. (credit: Franck Monnier, Wikimedia Commons)arrow_forwardMountain climbers carry bottled oxygen when at very high altitudes. (a) Assuming that a mountain climber uses oxygen at twice the rate for climbing 116 stairs per minute (because of low air temperature and winds), calculate how many liters of oxygen a climber would need for 10.0 h of climbing. (These are liters at sea level.) Note that only 40% of the inhaled oxygen is utilized; the rest is exhaled. (b) How much useful work does the climber do if he and his equipment have a mass of 90.0 kg and he gains 1000 m of altitude? (c) What is his efficiency for the 10.0-h climb?arrow_forwardAnswer yes or no to each of the following questions. (a) Can an objectEarth system have kinetic energy and not gravitational potential energy? (b) Can it have gravitational potential energy and not kinetic energy? (c) Can it have both types of energy at the same moment? (d) Can it have neither?arrow_forward
- The chin-up is one exercise that can be used to strengthen the biceps muscle. This muscle can exert a force of approximately 8.00 102 N as it contracts a distance of 7.5 cm in a 75-kg male.3 (a) How much work can the biceps muscles (one in each arm) perform in a single contraction? (b) Compare this amount of work with the energy required to lift a 75-kg person 40. cm in performing a chin-up. (c) Do you think the biceps muscle is the only muscle involved in performing a chin-up?arrow_forwardA roller-coaster car of mass 1.50 103 kg is initially at the top of a rise at point . It then moves 35.0 m at an angle of 50.0 below the horizontal to a lower point . (a) Find both the potential energy of the system when the car is at points and and the change in potential energy as the car moves from point to point , assuming y = 0 at point . (b) Repeat part (a), this time choosing y = 0 at point , which is another 15.0 m down the same slope from point .arrow_forwardA hydroelectric power facility (see Figure 7.38) converts the gravitational potential energy of water behind a dam to electric energy. (a) What is the gravitational potential energy relative to the generators of a lake of volume 50.0 km3(mass=5.001013Kg), given that the lake has an average height of 40.0 m above the generators? (b) Compare this with the energy stored in a 9-megaton fusion bomb. Figure 7.38 Hydroelectric facility (credit: Denis Belevich, Wikimedia Commons)arrow_forward
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Kinetic Energy and Potential Energy; Author: Professor Dave explains;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g7u6pIfUVy4;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY