Chapter 7, Problem 55QAP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

To define combustion reaction with the chemical product, give two example of balance chemical equation for combustion reactions.

Concept Introduction:

The most common driving forces which create product in chemical reactions are as follows:

1. Formation of a solid.
2. Formation of water.
3. Transfer of electrons.
4. Formation of gas.

Oxidation-reduction reaction is known as redox reaction. In these types of reaction one reactant is oxidized and another is reduced.

Oxidation: Oxidation is a process in which either 1 or all following changes occurs:

1. Gaining of oxygen atoms.

2. Increasing oxidation number.

3. Loss of hydrogen atom.

4. Loss of electrons.

Reduction: Reduction is a process in which either 1 or all following changes occurs:

1. Loss of oxygen atoms.

2. Decreasing oxidation number.

3. Gaining of hydrogen atom.

4. Gaining of electrons.

Combustion is a reaction in which hydrocarbon or organic compounds are burn in presence of air which produces water and carbon dioxide with energy. It is an exothermic reaction. In this reaction, carbon is oxidized by addition of oxygen to carbon dioxide.

For example the combustion reaction of ethane is following:

$\begin{array}{l}2{\text{C}}_2{\text{H}}_6(g)+7{\text{O}}_2(g)\stackrel{\text{Δ}}{\to }4\text{C}{\text{O}}_2(g)+6{\text{H}}_2\text{O}(g)\\ \text{ Reactants Products }\end{array}$

The general reaction of combustion as follows:

$\text{Organic compound + }{\text{O}}_2(g)\stackrel{\text{Δ}}{\to }\text{C}{\text{O}}_2(g)+{\text{H}}_2\text{O}(l)+\text{energy}$.