Microeconomics
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781259655500
Author: David C Colander
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Question
Chapter 7, Problem 4QAP
To determine
Explain the burden of social security taxes in each case and illustrate the two labor market diagrams.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
Consider the labor market. Suppose that the supply of labor is = 2 + H/2 and the demand for W=52−2H. Where W is wage and is hours worked.
Now suppose that the government levies a $5 per hour payroll tax on buyers of labor (firms).
Determine the worker (supplier) and firm (buyer) tax burdens.
Determine the deadweight loss associated with this payroll tax.
The legislature in a state in the South passes strong "right-to-work" laws that make it very difficult for unions to organize workers, so the wage is always equal to the market-clearing value. Except for this difference in legislation, the northern and southern states are very similar.The initial position of a supply-and-demand graph corresponds to the initial labor market condition in the southern state before the labor union negotiated the new, higher wage for workers in the northern state.Suppose that after the wage goes up in the northern state, some workers in the northern state lose their jobs and decide to move to the southern state.
Which of the following groups are better off as a result of the union action in the northern state? (select all that apply)
a) The original workers in the southern state
b) Workers in the northern state employed at the union wage
c) Employers in the northern state
d) Workers who find new jobs in the southern state
Solve last three subparts early.
Chapter 7 Solutions
Microeconomics
Ch. 7.1 - Prob. 1QCh. 7.1 - Prob. 2QCh. 7.1 - Prob. 3QCh. 7.1 - Prob. 4QCh. 7.1 - Prob. 5QCh. 7.1 - Prob. 6QCh. 7.1 - Prob. 7QCh. 7.1 - Prob. 8QCh. 7.1 - Prob. 9QCh. 7.1 - Prob. 10Q
Ch. 7 - Prob. 1QECh. 7 - Prob. 2QECh. 7 - How is elasticity related to the revenue from a...Ch. 7 - Prob. 4QECh. 7 - Prob. 5QECh. 7 - Prob. 6QECh. 7 - Prob. 7QECh. 7 - Prob. 8QECh. 7 - Prob. 9QECh. 7 - Prob. 10QECh. 7 - Prob. 11QECh. 7 - Prob. 12QECh. 7 - Prob. 13QECh. 7 - Prob. 14QECh. 7 - Prob. 15QECh. 7 - Prob. 16QECh. 7 - Prob. 17QECh. 7 - Prob. 18QECh. 7 - Prob. 19QECh. 7 - Prob. 20QECh. 7 - Prob. 21QECh. 7 - Prob. 22QECh. 7 - Prob. 1QAPCh. 7 - Prob. 2QAPCh. 7 - Prob. 3QAPCh. 7 - Prob. 4QAPCh. 7 - Prob. 5QAPCh. 7 - Prob. 1IPCh. 7 - Prob. 2IPCh. 7 - Prob. 3IPCh. 7 - Prob. 4IPCh. 7 - Prob. 5IPCh. 7 - Prob. 6IP
Knowledge Booster
Similar questions
- Ian works at an iron smelter in Pittsburgh, the center of iron production in America. Due to the difficulty in measuring the productivity of individual employees, Ian's employer as well as the other iron smelters all pay an efficiency wage. Adjust the wage line on the graph to reflect this situation. What characteristic of efficiency-wage jobs is not supported by the situation shown in the graph? Efficiency wage jobs result in a surplus of workers at the wage being offered. Elevated wages serve as an economic incentive to work harder. The wage rate will eventually return to the market-clearing level. Efficiency wages result in an increase in the rate of unemployment. Wage ($ per hour) Quantity of workers (in thousands) Wage Sarrow_forwardThe following graph shows the labor market for research assistants in the fictional country of Collegia. The equilibrium wage is $10 per hour, and the equilibrium number of research assistants is 200. Suppose the government has decided to institute a $4-per-hour payroll tax on research assistants and is trying to determine whether the tax should be levied on the employer, the workers, or both (such that half the tax is collected from each side). Use the graph input tool to evaluate these three proposals. Entering a number into the Tax Levied on Employers field (initially set at zero dollars per hour) shifts the demand curve down by the amount you enter, and entering a number into the Tax Levied on Workers field (initially set at zero dollars per hour) shifts the supply curve up by the amount you enter. To determine the before-tax wage for each tax proposal, adjust the amount in the Wage field until the quantity of labor supplied equals the quantity of labor demanded. You will not be…arrow_forwardAssume that 1,000 workers are employed by the University in jobs paying $10 per hour. After a rise in the minimum wage to $12 per hour, only 900 will be employed. Which statement is true about this example? Overall, the total amount of earnings received by workers has increased. At a wage of $12, the total number of people wanting to work but not getting hired will be 100. Labor demand (the quantity of workers demanded at various prices) appears to be elasticarrow_forward
- The local community contains many residents with PhDs who would like to teach as adjunct professors at the local university, which is the main employer of people with PhDs. The university’s demand curve or marginal value curve for adjunct professors is written: W = 12,000 – 15Q, where W refers to the employer’s willingness to pay for an adjunct professor to teach one course. Because the university faces the entire market supply curve for adjunct professors, the supply curve is upward sloping as hiring each additional adjunct requires offering a higher wage for all who are hired. The assumption that everyone is paid the same salary as required by the marginal worker leads to the university’s marginal expenditures rising faster than the supply curve. The average expenditure curve (or supply curve) for teachers is written as: W = 4,200 + 25Q. But assuming that hiring an additional teacher involves increasing the wage for all of the teachers hired, the marginal expenditures for…arrow_forwardThe after-school tutoring industry is competitive, and so is the labor market for after-school tutors. Suppose male and female tutors have equal experience and skill. Currently, some tutoring centers are biased and will only hire male tutors, whereas unbiased tutoring centers desire to hire the cheapest tutors and do not care about their genders. As a result, the equilibrium wage for male tutors is higher than that of female tutors. Refer to Scenario 19-6. Long-run competition in the after-school tutoring market is consistent with which of the following statements, assuming consumers do not discriminate between male and female tutors? Oa. All firms that hire only male tutors will shut down because they are not able to compete. O b. Nothing will change; all firms will continue to operate as they do now. Oc. Tutoring centers only hiring male tutors have lower cost, leading to an increase in the demand for male tutors. Od. All firms that hire only female tutors will shut down because they…arrow_forwardSuppose the demand and supply curves for unskilled labor in the labor market are as shown in the following figure. Congress is about to enact a $12 per-hour minimum wage. Congressional staff economists are urging legislators to consider adopting an earned-income tax credit instead. Suppose neither workers nor employers would support that proposal unless the expected value of each party's economic surplus would be at least as great as under the minimum wage. a. In the graph below, use the point tool provided 'Wmin' to indicate the wage and employment combination that would result in a $12 per-hour minimum wage. W ($/hour) 24 20 16 12 8 4 0 Labor Market D S 4,000 8,000 12,000 16,000 20,000 24,000 L (person-hours/day) Tools -9 W. mn Ⓡ b. Calculate the amounts by which employer surplus and worker surplus change as a result of the minimum wage. Employer surplus would be (Click to select) ✔ by $ by $ per day. per day. Worker surplus would be (Click to select) c. Which of the following…arrow_forward
- Suppose the demand and supply curves for unskilled labor in the labor market are as shown in the following figure. Congress is about to enact a $12 per-hour minimum wage. Congressional staff economists are urging legislators to consider adopting an earned-income tax credit instead. Suppose neither workers nor employers would support that proposal unless the expected value of each party's economic surplus would be at least as great as under the minimum wage. a. In the graph below, use the point tool provided 'Wmin' to indicate the wage and employment combination that would result in a $12 per-hour minimum wage. W ($/hour) 24 20 16 12 8 4 0 Labor Market D L (person-hours/day) S 4,000 8,000 12,000 16,000 20,000 24,000 Tools 9 Wmin b. Calculate the amounts by which employer surplus and worker surplus change as a result of the minimum wage. Employer surplus would be (Click to select) by $ per day. Worker surplus would be (Click to select) by $ per day. c. Which of the following describes…arrow_forwardIn an unregulated, competitive market we could calculate consumer surplus if we knew the equations representing supply and demand. For this problem assume that supply and demand are as follows: Supply P = 4 + 0.116Q Demand P = 25 - 0.10Q where P represents unit price in dollars and Q represents the number of units sold each year. Calculate the annual value of aggregate consumer surplus.arrow_forwardIf labor supply is perfectly inelastic, the imposing a payroll tax that will be split between employers and employees will a) reduce employment. b) leave employment levels unchanged. c) cause the tax burden to fall exclusively on firms. d) cause the tax burden to fall exclusively on workers.arrow_forward
- Who should pay the tax? The following graph gives the labor market for laboratory aides in the imaginary country of Paideia. The equilibrium hourly wage is $10 , and the equilibrium number of laboratory aides is 150 . Suppose the federal government of Paideia has decided to institute an hourly payroll tax of $4 on laboratory aides and wants to determine whether the tax should be levied on the workers, the employers, or both (in such a way that hay the tax is collected from each party). Use the graph input tool to evaluate these thret proposal5; Entering a number into the Tax Levied on Employers feld (inibialy set at adro dallars per hour) shilts the demand curve down by the amount you enter, and entering a number into the Tax Leviod on workers fieid (initially set at acro dollas per bour) shifts the supply curve up by the amount your enter. To determine the before-tax wage for each tar proposal, adjust the amcunt in the wage field unbil the quantity of labor supplied…arrow_forwardplease draw the demand-supply graph Note:- Do not provide handwritten solution. Maintain accuracy and quality in your answer. Take care of plagiarism. Answer completely. You will get up vote for sure.arrow_forwardConsider a labour market where labour demand and supply are given by w = 240−2LD and w = 30+4LS , respectively, the competitive market equilibrium quantity of labour is 35, the wage is 170, consumer surplus is 1225 and producer surplus is 2450. 1.If the owners collude, calculate the new equilibrium quantity of labour and wage. 2.Continue with the previous part. Calculate the new consumer surplus and producer surplus. 3 .Continue with the previous part. Briefly explain if, compared to the competitive market equilibrium, the owners and/or players are better off and if the overall wellbeing of the league has increased or decreased.arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Economics (MindTap Course List)EconomicsISBN:9781337617383Author:Roger A. ArnoldPublisher:Cengage Learning
Economics (MindTap Course List)
Economics
ISBN:9781337617383
Author:Roger A. Arnold
Publisher:Cengage Learning