Chapter 7, Problem 44E

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The atom or element that has smaller first ionization energy among $\text{Ti}$ and $\text{Ba}$ .

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The atom or element that has smaller first ionization energy among $\text{Ag}$ and $\text{Cu}$ .

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The atom or element that has smaller first ionization energy among $\text{Ge}$ and $\text{Cl}$ .

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The atom or element that has smaller first ionization energy among $\text{Pb}$ and $\text{Sb}$ .