Inquiry into Physics
8th Edition
ISBN: 9781337515863
Author: Ostdiek
Publisher: Cengage
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Chapter 7, Problem 2MLA
Loud thunder claps frequently accompany lightning discharges. Give a description of how scientists believe thunder is produced during a lightning storm.
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The charge distribution in a typical thundercloud is such that the bottom of the cloud is negative while the top layer of the cloud is positive. This can be modeled as shown in the (not to scale!) Figure above. The presence of these charges in the cloud induces
electrical charges on the ground. Assuming the ground is a conductor it can be shown that the charges in the ground are the mirror image (changing the sign of the charge!) of the charges in the thundercloud, as shown in the Figure.
a. Determine the direction and magnitude of the electric field at point P1, which is just above the ground, directly below the thundercloud as shown.
b. On the diagram, clearly indicate the direction of the electric field at point P2, which is 1~km horizontally away from P1.
How does the magnitude of the field at point P2 compare with the magnitude of the field at point P1? Justify your answer.
c. If the potential at infinity is zero determine the…
How does the energy of a lightning strike vary with the height of the clouds from the ground?Multi Line Text.
Why lightning are in zigzag path?
Chapter 7 Solutions
Inquiry into Physics
Ch. 7 - Describe one promising explanation for how...Ch. 7 - Loud thunder claps frequently accompany lightning...Ch. 7 - What does the term fibrillation mean in connection...Ch. 7 - Prob. 1PIPCh. 7 - Prob. 2PIPCh. 7 - Prob. 1MIOCh. 7 - Prob. 2MIOCh. 7 - Prob. 1QCh. 7 - Prob. 2QCh. 7 - Prob. 3Q
Ch. 7 - Prob. 4QCh. 7 - Prob. 5QCh. 7 - (Indicates a review question, which means it...Ch. 7 - Prob. 7QCh. 7 - Prob. 8QCh. 7 - Prob. 9QCh. 7 - Prob. 10QCh. 7 - Prob. 11QCh. 7 - Prob. 12QCh. 7 - (Indicates a review question, which means it...Ch. 7 - Prob. 14QCh. 7 - (Indicates a review question, which means it...Ch. 7 - Prob. 16QCh. 7 - (Indicates a review question, which means it...Ch. 7 - (Indicates a review question, which means it...Ch. 7 - Prob. 19QCh. 7 - (Indicates a review question, which means it...Ch. 7 - (Indicates a review question, which means it...Ch. 7 - (Indicates a review question, which means it...Ch. 7 - (Indicates a review question, which means it...Ch. 7 - Prob. 24QCh. 7 - Prob. 25QCh. 7 - (Indicates a review question, which means it...Ch. 7 - (Indicates a review question, which means it...Ch. 7 - (Indicates a review question, which means it...Ch. 7 - Prob. 29QCh. 7 - (Indicates a review question, which means it...Ch. 7 - (Indicates a review question, which means it...Ch. 7 - Prob. 32QCh. 7 - Prob. 33QCh. 7 - Prob. 34QCh. 7 - (Indicates a review question, which means it...Ch. 7 - Two charged particles exert an electric force of...Ch. 7 - What would the separation between two identical...Ch. 7 - A particle having a positive charge of C...Ch. 7 - During 30 seconds of use, 250 C of charge flow...Ch. 7 - A lightning stroke lasts 0.05 s and involves a...Ch. 7 - A current of 0.7 A goes through an electric motor...Ch. 7 - A calculator draws a current of 0.0001 A for 5...Ch. 7 - Prob. 8PCh. 7 - A 120-V circuit in a house is equipped with a 20-A...Ch. 7 - . The resistance of each brake lightbulb on an...Ch. 7 - . The lightbulb used in a computer projector has a...Ch. 7 - Prob. 12PCh. 7 - Prob. 13PCh. 7 - Prob. 14PCh. 7 - . An electric eel can generate a 400-V, 0.5-A...Ch. 7 - . An electric train operates on 750 V. What is its...Ch. 7 - . All of the electrical outlets in a room are...Ch. 7 - . Your cell phone typically consumes about 400 mW...Ch. 7 - . A car’s headlight consumes 40 W when on low beam...Ch. 7 - . Find the current that flows in a 40-W bulb used...Ch. 7 - . An electric clothes dryer is rated at 4,000 W....Ch. 7 - . A clock consumes 2 W of electrical power. How...Ch. 7 - . Which costs more, running a 1,200-W hair dryer...Ch. 7 - . A representative lightning strike is caused by a...Ch. 7 - Prob. 25PCh. 7 - . A certain electric motor draws a current of 10 A...Ch. 7 - . The generator at a large power plant has an...Ch. 7 - . A lightbulb is rated at 60 W when connected to...Ch. 7 - . About 40,000 J of energy is stored in a typical...Ch. 7 - . An electric car is being designed to have an...Ch. 7 - Prob. 31PCh. 7 - Compute the electric force acting between the...Ch. 7 - Use the result from Challenge land the equation...Ch. 7 - Prob. 3CCh. 7 - Using your understanding of the nature of internal...Ch. 7 - The current that flows through an incandescent...Ch. 7 - Prob. 6CCh. 7 - Imagine a company offering a line of hair dryers...Ch. 7 - Prob. 8CCh. 7 - Combine Ohm’s law and the equation for power...Ch. 7 - A defibrillator sends approximately 0.1 C of...
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- A typical commercial airplane is struck by lightning about once per year. When this happens, the external metal skin of the airplane might be burned, but the people and equipment inside the aircraft experience no ill effects. Explain why this is so.arrow_forwardHow do electrical-charge imbalances lead to lightning?arrow_forwardLightning is quite common in Gauteng. You will most probably be the safest in which dwelling during a lightning strike? A. All these statements are correct. B. None of these statements is correct. C. Inside a car. D. In a wooden hut with cement floor. E. In a metal hut with cement flooarrow_forward
- How do lightning rods serve to protect buildings from the devastating effects of a lightning strike?arrow_forwardWhat is the cause and mechanism associated with lightning strikes?arrow_forwardWrite a letter to Grandpa and tell him why he’d be safe in a lightning storm if he was inside an automobile.arrow_forward
- DIAL 1 0 9 1 6 4 6 4 6 5 5 4 6 6 4 21. Based from the reading above in the electric meter, what is the value of the number of Kilowatt hour? a. 23825 b. 23824 c. 33825 d. 24825 22. If the previous reading is 22158, how many kilowatt-hour is consumed? a. 1667 b. 1668 c. 2668 d. 2667 23. If the cost of energy consumption is P 8.5 per kilowatt-hr, how much is the energy consumption in Pesos? a. P14,169.5 b. P 14, 178 C. P 22, 678 d. P22, 669.5 DIAL 5 O - A DIAL 4 2 3 O 87 7 7 DIAL 3 2 3 3 DIAL 2 88 7/7 2 3arrow_forwardWhat physical phenomenon predominantly contributes to the magentic field of the earth? a. Charged particles from the solar wind that enter the earth's atmosphere b. The ionization of metals in the earth's crust c. Ionization in the earth's atmosphere d. Ion convection in the molten liquid shell that surrounds the earth's solid inner core e. The total amount of ferromagnetic iron, cobalt, and nickel that is present in the earth's crustarrow_forward(a) Calculate the power per square meter reaching Earth's upper atmosphere from the Sun. (Take the power output of the Sun to be 4.001026 W.) (b) Part of this is absorbed and reflected by the atmosphere, so that a maximum of 1.30 kW/m2 reaches Earth's surface. Calculate the area in km 2 of solar energy collectors needed to replace an electric power plant that generates 750 MW if the collectors convert an average of 2.00% of the maximum power into electricity. (This small conversion efficiency is due to the devices themselves, and the fact that the sun is directly overhead only briefly.) With the same assumptions, what area would be needed to meet the United States' energy needs (1.051020J) ? Australia's energy needs (5.41018J) ? China's energy needs (6.31019J) ? (These energy consumption values are from 2006.)arrow_forward
- Why are lightning rods normally at a higher elevation than the buildings they protect?arrow_forwardUse the data in the table to answer the following questions: Plot the graph that relates FE and q2. You can use excel if you want to plot the graph. Use the graph to find the electric constant ke. Calculate the percentage error in k (kknown=8.9876 × 10^9 Nm^2/C^2)arrow_forward* A 72112:08 stc “.ull a a Archimedes supposedly was asked to determine whether a crown made for the king consisted of pure gold. According to legend, he solved this problem by weighing the crown first in the air and then in water as shown in Figure. Suppose the scale read 6.57 N when the crown was in the air and 5.92 N when it was in the water. What is the density of the crown (in g/em) ? (gold density is 19.3 g/cm) (Answer in 2 decimal places)arrow_forward
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