Principles of Economics 2e
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781947172364
Author: Steven A. Greenlaw; David Shapiro
Publisher: OpenStax
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Chapter 7, Problem 13RQ
What is the difference between a fixed input and a variable input?
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Chapter 7 Solutions
Principles of Economics 2e
Ch. 7 - A firm had sales revenue of 1 million last year....Ch. 7 - Continuing from Exercise 7.1, the films factory...Ch. 7 - The WipeOut Ski Company manufactures skis for...Ch. 7 - Based on your answers to the WipeOut Ski Company...Ch. 7 - If two painters can paint 200 square feet of wall...Ch. 7 - Return to the problem explained in Table 7.13 and...Ch. 7 - Suppose the cost of machines increases to 55,...Ch. 7 - Automobile manufacturing is an industry subject to...Ch. 7 - What are explicit and implicit costs?Ch. 7 - Would you consider an interest payment on a loan...
Ch. 7 - What is die difference between accounting and...Ch. 7 - What is a production function?Ch. 7 - What is the difference between a fixed input and a...Ch. 7 - How do we calculate marginal product?Ch. 7 - What shapes would you generally expect a total...Ch. 7 - What are the factor payments for land, labor, and...Ch. 7 - What is the difference between fixed costs and...Ch. 7 - How do we calculate each of the following:...Ch. 7 - What shapes would you generally expect each of the...Ch. 7 - Are there fixed costs in the lung-run? Explain...Ch. 7 - Are fixed costs also sunk costs? Explain.Ch. 7 - What are diminishing marginal returns as they...Ch. 7 - Which costs are measured on per-unit basis: fixed...Ch. 7 - What is a production technology?Ch. 7 - In choosing a production technology, how will...Ch. 7 - What is a long-run average cost curve?Ch. 7 - What is the difference between economies of scale,...Ch. 7 - What shape of a long-run average cost curve...Ch. 7 - Why will firms in most markets be located at or...Ch. 7 - Small Mom and Pop firms, like inner city grocery...Ch. 7 - A common name for fixed cost is overhead. If you...Ch. 7 - How does fixed cost affect marginal cost? Why is...Ch. 7 - Average cost curves (except for avenge fixed cost)...Ch. 7 - What is the relationship between marginal product...Ch. 7 - It is clear that businesses operate in the short...Ch. 7 - Retune to Table 7.2. In the top half of the table,...Ch. 7 - How would an improvement in technology, like the...Ch. 7 - Do you think that the taxicab industry in large...Ch. 7 - A firm is considering an investment that will earn...Ch. 7 - Return to Figure 7.7. What is the marginal gain in...Ch. 7 - Compute the average total cost, average variable...Ch. 7 - A small company that shovels sidewalks and...
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- A firm had sales revenue of 1 million last year. It spent 600,000 on labor, 150,000 on capital and 200,000 on materials. What was the firms accounting profit?arrow_forwardWould you consider an interest payment on a loan to a film an explicit or implicit cost?arrow_forwardWhen do we say that a firm is operating with least cost combination of inputs?arrow_forward
- Suppose you own a video game store. List some of the fixed inputs and variable inputs you would use in operating the store.arrow_forwardWhat is meant by an expansion path? Illustrate expansion paths for a normal input and an inferior input.arrow_forwardWhat is the difference between the short run and long run for a firm? How does this relate to fixed and variable inputs?arrow_forward
- Emma sells hot chocolate outside of Yankees baseball games. They have two inputs in the production of hot chocolate: (hot chocolate mix (x1, measured in kg) and labour (x2, measured in hours. The production function for hot chocolate (in liters) is: f (x1 , x2) = (x1)1/3(x2)1/3 A) Does this firm have constant, increasing or decreasing returns to scale? The cost of hot chocolate mix is w1, and the cost of labour is w2. If Emma produces "y" liters of hot chocolate the cheapest way possible, then B) How many kilograms of hot chocolate mix would they use? C) How many hours of labour? D) What is the cost function of producing this much hot chocolate?arrow_forward1. A firm can manufacture a product according to the production function Q = F(K,L) = K³/4L¹/4 a. Calculate the average product of labour, when the level of capital is fixed at 16 units and the firm uses 16 units of labour. How does the average product of labour change when the firm uses 81 units of labour? b. Find an expression for the marginal product of labour when the amount of capital is fixed at 16 units. Then, illustrate that the marginal product of labour depends on the amount of labour hired by calculating the marginal product of labour for 16 and 81 units of labour. c. Suppose capital is fixed at 16 units. If the firm can sell its output at a price of £100 per unit and can hire labour at £25 per unit, how many units of labour should the firm hire to maximise profits?arrow_forwardWhat is the average product doing when the marginal product is decreasing? Why?arrow_forward
- A firm uses the inputs of Iron and labor to produce Cars. Suppose that the quantity of labor is fixed. The quantity of Iron and the number of Cars produced is given by the following table: Tons of Iron per week Number of Cars per week 0 0 10 50 20 100 30 170 40 220 50 250 60 260 70 250 80 200 What is the average product of Iron when 40 tons are used? What is the marginal product of the 60th ton Iron? Does this production function exhibit diminishing marginal returns? If so, at what quantity of Iron do they start to occur?arrow_forwardMark launders his white clothes using the production function q=4B + G, where B is the number of cups of Clorox bleach and G is the number of cups of a generic bleach, where Clorox bleach is four times as potent. Use the line drawing tool to graph an isoquant for output of q = 20. Label this line 'isoquant'. Carefully follow the instructions above, and only draw the required object. What is the marginal product of B? The marginal product of B is (Enter a numeric response using an integer.) What is the marginal rate of technical substitution at each point on an isoquant? The marginal rate of technical substitution is along the isoquant. C G, Cups of generic bleach 22- 20- 18- 16- 14- 12- 10- 6- 4- 2- 0+ 0 2 4 B, Cups of Clorox bleach 6 LVarrow_forwardA firm has the production function f(X, Y) = x²/2 y1/2, where X is the amount of factor x used and Y is the amount of factor y used. On a diagram we put X on the horizontal axis and Y on the vertical axis. We draw some isoquants. Now we draw a straight line on the graph and we notice that wherever this line meets an isoquant, the isoquant has a slope of -3. The straight line we drew Select one: O a. is vertical. b. is horizontal. c. is a ray through the origin with slope 3. d. is a ray through the origin with slope 4. O e. has a negative slope.arrow_forward
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