Campbell Biology in Focus (2nd Edition)
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9780321962751
Author: Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Jane B. Reece
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 6.1, Problem 1CC
MAKE CONNECTIONS How does the second law of
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MAKE CONNECTIONS Explain why the set of forces driving ionmovement across the plasma membrane of a cell is described as anelectrochemical (electrical and chemical) gradient (see Concept 7.4).
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WHAT IF? Some membrane proteins diffuse faster in the plasma membrane when the cytoskeleton or the extracellular matrix is artificially removed than when cells are unperturbed. Explain why.
Chapter 6 Solutions
Campbell Biology in Focus (2nd Edition)
Ch. 6.1 - MAKE CONNECTIONS How does the second law of...Ch. 6.1 - Describe the forms of energy found in an apple as...Ch. 6.2 - Cellular respiration uses glucose and oxygen,...Ch. 6.2 - Prob. 2CCCh. 6.2 - Prob. 3CCCh. 6.3 - How does ATP typically transfer energy from...Ch. 6.3 - Prob. 2CCCh. 6.3 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Does Figure 6.10a show passive or...Ch. 6.4 - Many spontaneous reactions occur very slowly. Why...Ch. 6.4 - Why do enzymes act only on very specific...
Ch. 6.4 - WHAT IF? Malonate is an inhibitor of the enzyme...Ch. 6.5 - How do an activator and an inhibitor have...Ch. 6 - Choose the pair of terms that correctly completes...Ch. 6 - Prob. 2TYUCh. 6 - Which of the following metabolic processes can...Ch. 6 - If an enzyme in solution is saturated with...Ch. 6 - Some bacteria are metabolically active in hot...Ch. 6 - If an enzyme is added to a solution where its...Ch. 6 - DRAW IT Using a series of arrows, draw the...Ch. 6 - SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY DRAW IT A researcher has...Ch. 6 - SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, AND SOCIETY Organophosphates...Ch. 6 - FOCUS ON EVOLUTION A recent revival of the...Ch. 6 - FOCUS ON ENERGY AND MATTER Life requires energy....Ch. 6 - SYNTHESIZE YOUR KNOWLEDGE Explain what is...
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- Molecular Transport Across Membranes Workshop How does the cell membrane control movement of materials? The cellular membrane is critical to the maintenance of homeostasis in living organisms. The cell membrane separates the cell from the external environment and plays a critical role in regulating movement of material in and out of the cell. Additionally, eukaryotic cells are made complex by the presence of internal membranes that form organelles, so the cells may become specialized. These organelle membranes create compartments within the cell that can do specific functions. For this exercise, you will work in groups of four to progress through the activities. At the end of each activity, one group (chosen at random) will share how they responded and open the floor for further discussion. Model 1 - Types of Ions and Molecules in a Cell Type 4 Molecules Molecular oxygen (O,): Туре 1 Ions Type 2 Molecules Туре 3 Molecules Glucose: Water: Potassium: K* OH 0=0 D Sodium: Na+ + O- Urea:…arrow_forwardQ16arrow_forwardDemonstrate the listed processesarrow_forward
- Diffusion is an (a) endergonic process because free energy increases (b) endergonic process because free energy decreases (c) exergonic process because entropy increases (d) exergonic process because entropy decreases (e) more than one of the preceding options are truearrow_forwardModel 4 - Transport Proteins: Facilitated Diffusion Extracellular Fluid mu Cytoplasmic Fluid Extracellular Fluid wwwwwwy hmmmml Cytoplasmic Fluid www.wmy wwwwwy hummu hmm wwwwwwy immmml wwwwwwwwY immu hmmmml wwwwy hmmmm O wwwwwwy wwwwwwwy imm hmmmmm Y www Y www 10. What appears to be the effect of inserting a protein channel into the membrane on the movement of molecules across the membrane? 11. Is the inner surface (facing the channel) of the embedded protein likely to be polar or nonpolar in the examples shown in Model 4? Is the exterior surface (facing the fatty acid chains of the phospholipids) of the embedded protein likely to be polar or nonpolar? Explain your reasoning. When a membrane protein assists in the passive transport of molecules across a barrier in the direction down their concentration gradient (from high concentration to low concentration) it is called facilitated diffusion. Transport proteins may also be involved in active transport where the cell uses energy from…arrow_forwardFor this practice problem, would the answer be c)NaCl? My reasoning behind this is because molecules under 100 Da can use simple diffusion, while nonpolar molecules and larger molecules like benzene can use channels via facilitated diffusion. However, NaCl dissociates into ions and cannot readily use diffusion?arrow_forward
- MAKE CONNECTIONS Is the flow of ions through a ligand-gated channelan example of active or passive transport? (Review Concepts 7.3 and 7.4.)arrow_forwardAsap explain wellarrow_forwardFor the following scenarios, determine whether the molecules in the scenario are moving by simple diffusion (S), osmosis (0), facilitated diffusion (F), or active transport (A). a)For water to travel across the cell membrane at a substantial rate, the water molecules travel through protein channels known as aquaporins b)While water molecules are polar, they are also very small. Some water molecules are able to squeeze directly through the phospholipid bilayer due to their small size. C)Charged ions such as Na* travel through a cell membrane against their concentration gradient d)Cells lining the gut need to take in glucose, but at certain times, the concentration of extraceliular glucose is lower than the concentration already stored in the cells. e)At a certain time, glucose is in a high concentration outside of a cell and needs to travel through the membrane into the cell but does so using a glucose transporter protein.arrow_forward
- In the Nernst equation [V = 62 log10 (Co/ Ci)], the term Ci represents: the extracellular concentration of potassium the extracellular concentration of sodium the membrane potential (in millivolts) the intracellular concentration of calcium the intracellular concentration of potassium Which of the following ions must be kept to very low concentrations within the cell cytoplasm in order to allow for enough substrate molecules to synthesize nucleotides and nucleic acids? HCO3- (bicarbonate) Ca2+ (calcium) PO43- (phosphate) Na+ (sodium) K+ (potassium)arrow_forwardIn the situations described below, what is the free energy change if 1 mole of Na* is transported across a membrane from a region where the concentra- tion is 1 µM to a region where it is 100 mM? (Assume T = 37 °C.) (a) In the absence of a membrane potential. (b) When the transport is opposed by a membrane potential of 70 mV. (c) In cach case, will hydrolysis of 1 mole of ATP suffice to drive the trans- port of 1 mole of ion, assuming pH 7.4 and the following cytoplamic concentrations: ATP= 4.60 mM, P = 5.10 mM, ADP = 310 µM?arrow_forwardNeed help herearrow_forward
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