The Solar System
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781337672252
Author: The Solar System
Publisher: Cengage
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Chapter 6, Problem 7RQ
To determine
The nocturnal animals have large pupils in their eyes explain it and how it is related to the astronomical telescopes work.
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Chapter 6 Solutions
The Solar System
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- Many decades ago, the astronomers on the staff of Mount Wilson and Palomar Observatories each received about 60 nights per year for their observing programs. Today, an astronomer feels fortunate to get 10 nights per year on a large telescope. Can you suggest some reasons for this change?arrow_forwardPeople are often bothered when they discover that reflecting telescopes have a second mirror in the middle to bring the light out to an accessible focus where big instruments can be mounted. “Don’t you lose light?” people ask. Well, yes, you do, but there is no better alternative. You can estimate how much light is lost by such an arrangement. The primary mirror (the one at the bottom in Figure 6.6) of the Gemini North telescope is 8 m in diameter. The secondary mirror at the top is about 1 m in diameter. Use the formula for the area of a circle to estimate what fraction of the light is blocked by the secondary mirror. Figure 6.6 Focus Arrangements for Reflecting Telescopes. Reflecting telescopes have different options for where the light is brought to a focus. With prime focus, light is detected where it comes to a focus after reflecting from the primary mirror. With Newtonian focus, light is reflected by a small secondary mirror off to one side, where it can be detected (see also Figure 6.5). Most large professional telescopes have a Cassegrain focus in which light is reflected by the secondary mirror down through a hole in the primary mirror to an observing station below the telescope.arrow_forwardIn broad daylight, the size of your pupil is typically 3 mm. In dark situations, it expands to about 7 mm. How much more light can it gather?arrow_forward
- What kind of visible-light and infrared telescopes on the ground are astronomers planning for the future? Why are they building them on the ground and not in space?arrow_forwardWhat was the problem with the Hubble Space Telescope and how was it solved?arrow_forwardWhat is the area, in square meters, of a 10-m telescope?arrow_forward
- Telescopes can now be operated remotely from a warm room, but until about 25 years ago, astronomers worked at the telescope to guide it so that it remained pointed in exactly the right place. In a large telescope, like the Palomar 200-inch telescope, astronomers sat in a cage at the top of the telescope, where the secondary mirror is located, as shown in Figure 6.6. Assume for the purpose of your calculation that the diameter of this cage was 40 inches. What fraction of the light is blocked? Figure 6.6 Focus Arrangements for Reflecting Telescopes. Reflecting telescopes have different options for where the light is brought to a focus. With prime focus, light is detected where it comes to a focus after reflecting from the primary mirror. With Newtonian focus, light is reflected by a small secondary mirror off to one side, where it can be detected (see also Figure 6.5). Most large professional telescopes have a Cassegrain focus in which light is reflected by the secondary mirror down through a hole in the primary mirror to an observing station below the telescope.arrow_forward“20/20 vision” is an arbitrary’ measure of vision—meaning that you can read what an average person can read at a distance of 20 feet in daylight. What is this distance in meters?arrow_forwardLong sight: The eyeball is too Your answerarrow_forward
- What is the area of an 23 meter telescope, consider the area of a circlearrow_forwardAstronauts observing from a space station need a telescope with a resolving power of 0.6 arc second at a wavelength of 530 nm and a magnifying power of 220. Design a telescope to meet their needs.What will its light-gathering power be, compared with a dark-adapted human eye? (Assume that the pupil of your eye can open to a diameter of about 0.8 cm in dark conditions.)(State the necessary primary diameter of the telescope, in m, and the ratio of the focal lengths below.)arrow_forwardA certain telescope has a 10'x10' field of view that is recorded using a CCD chip having 2048x2048 pixels. What angle on the sky responds to 1 pixel? What would be the diameter in pixels of a typical seeing disk? (1" radius)arrow_forward
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