Microbiology With Diseases By Taxonomy (6th Edition)
6th Edition
ISBN: 9780134832302
Author: Robert W. Bauman Ph.D.
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 6, Problem 7CT
A scientific article describes a bacterium as an obligate microaerophilic chemoorganoheterotroph. Describe the oxygen and nutritional characteristics of the bacterium in everyday language.
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Kinetics: One-Compartment First-Order Absorption
1. In vivo testing provides valuable insight into a drug’s kinetics. Assessing drug kinetics following multiple routes of administration provides greater insight than a single route of administration alone. The following data was collected in 250-g rats following bolus IV, oral (PO), and intraperitoneal (ip) administration.
Using this data and set of graphs, determine:(calculate for each variable)
(a) k, C0, V, and AUC* for the bolus iv data
(b) k, ka, B1, and AUC* for the po data
c) k, ka, B1, and AUC* for the ip data
(d) relative bioavailability for po vs ip, Fpo/Fip
(e)absolute ip bioavailability, Fip
(f) absolute po bioavailability, Fpo
3. A promising new drug is being evaluated in human trials. Based on preliminary human tests, this drug is most effective when plasma levels exceed 30 mg/L. Measurements from preliminary tests indicate the following human pharmacokinetic parameter values: t1/2,elim = 4.6hr, t1/2,abs = 0.34hr, VD = 0.29 L/kg, Foral = 72%. Based on these parameters, estimate the following if a 49 kg woman were to receive a 1000mg oral dose of this drug:
(a) Estimate the plasma concentration of the drug at 1hr, 6 hr, and 20hr after taking the drug ( Concentration estimate)
(b) Estimate the time for maximum plasma concentration (tmax).
(c) Estimate the maximum plasma concentration (Cmax).
(d) Estimate the time at which the plasma level first rises above 30 mg/L. (Note this is a trial and error problem where you must guess a time, plug it into the concentration equation, and determine if it is close to 30 mg/L. Hint: based on part (a) it should be apparent that the answer is less than 1hr.)
(e)…
List substitutions in your diet you could make to improve it based on what you know now about a balanced diet. For instance, if you like to drink soda, you might substitute skim milk or water for some of the soft drinks you consumed. List the item you wish to replace with the new item and what you hope to accomplish with that substitution. Be sure to choose foods you know that you'd enjoy and you consider more "healthful." If you feel your diet is already balanced, describe how you accomplish your balanced intake and when you began eating this way.
Chapter 6 Solutions
Microbiology With Diseases By Taxonomy (6th Edition)
Ch. 6 - Culturing Microorganisms One of Kochs postulates...Ch. 6 - Clinical Case Study Boils in the Locker Room For...Ch. 6 - Prob. 1TMWCh. 6 - Why do clinical laboratory scientists keep many...Ch. 6 - Prob. 3TMWCh. 6 - Prob. 1MCCh. 6 - In the laboratory, a sterile inoculating loop is...Ch. 6 - Superoxide dismutase _____________. a. causes...Ch. 6 - The most reactive of the four toxic forms of...Ch. 6 - Microaerophiles that grow best with a high...
Ch. 6 - Prob. 6MCCh. 6 - Organisms that preferentially may thrive in icy...Ch. 6 - Prob. 8MCCh. 6 - Prob. 9MCCh. 6 - In a defined medium, ______________. a. the exact...Ch. 6 - Prob. 11MCCh. 6 - Prob. 12MCCh. 6 - Prob. 13MCCh. 6 - Lyophilization can be described as ___________. a....Ch. 6 - Prob. 15MCCh. 6 - Prob. 1FIBCh. 6 - Prob. 2FIBCh. 6 - Prob. 3FIBCh. 6 - Prob. 4FIBCh. 6 - Prob. 5FIBCh. 6 - Prob. 6FIBCh. 6 - Prob. 7FIBCh. 6 - Prob. 8FIBCh. 6 - Prob. 9FIBCh. 6 - Prob. 10FIBCh. 6 - Prob. 11FIBCh. 6 - Prob. 1VICh. 6 - Prob. 2VICh. 6 - High temperature affects the shape of particular...Ch. 6 - Support or refute the following statement:...Ch. 6 - Prob. 3SACh. 6 - Why must media, vessels, and instruments be...Ch. 6 - Prob. 5SACh. 6 - Prob. 6SACh. 6 - Draw and label the four distinct phases of a...Ch. 6 - Prob. 8SACh. 6 - Prob. 9SACh. 6 - Prob. 10SACh. 6 - Explain the differences among photoautotrophs,...Ch. 6 - Prob. 12SACh. 6 - How does a chemostat maintain a constant...Ch. 6 - A scientist describes an organism as a...Ch. 6 - Pasteurization is a technique that uses...Ch. 6 - Prob. 3CTCh. 6 - Some organisms require riboflavin (vitamin B2) to...Ch. 6 - A scientist inoculates a bacterium into a complex...Ch. 6 - How can regions within biofilms differ in their...Ch. 6 - A scientific article describes a bacterium as an...Ch. 6 - Prob. 8CTCh. 6 - Prob. 9CTCh. 6 - Starting with 10 bacterial cells per milliliter in...Ch. 6 - Prob. 11CTCh. 6 - Prob. 12CTCh. 6 - The filamentous bacterium Beggiatoa gets its...Ch. 6 - Prob. 14CTCh. 6 - Examine the graph in Figure 6.3. Note that the...Ch. 6 - Prob. 16CTCh. 6 - Using the terms in Figure 6.8a, describe the...Ch. 6 - Prob. 18CTCh. 6 - Examine the ingredients of MacConkey agar as...Ch. 6 - Prob. 20CTCh. 6 - Using as many of the following terms as...Ch. 6 - Prob. 22CTCh. 6 - Viable plate counts are used to estimate...Ch. 6 - Using the following terms, fill in the following...
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