The mole fractions of each species at equilibrium have to be calculated. Concept introduction: The composition of the particular species in the reaction mixture is calculated by the mole fraction. The mole fraction is defined as the ratio of the moles of the species to the ratio of the total moles present in the reaction mixture. The mole fraction is unit less.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 6, Problem 6A.11AE

(i)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The mole fractions of each species at equilibrium have to be calculated.

Concept introduction: The composition of the particular species in the reaction mixture is calculated by the mole fraction. The mole fraction is defined as the ratio of the moles of the species to the ratio of the total moles present in the reaction mixture. The mole fraction is unit less.

(ii)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The value of K has to be calculated.

Concept introduction: The equilibrium constant for a reaction is abbreviated as K. The value of K is defined for a closed system. The value of K decides whether the equilibrium reaction will be spontaneous in forward direction or in the backward direction.

(iii)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The value of ΔrGΘ for the given reaction has to be calculated.

Concept introduction: The Gibbs free energy of the reaction is the key factor of the identification of the direction of spontaneity of the reaction. For the reaction to be spontaneous, the Gibbs free energy of the reaction must be negative.

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1. a) Assuming that an atom of arsenic has hydrogen-like atomic orbitals, sketch the radial probability plots for 4p and 4d orbitals of S atom. Indicate angular and radial nodes in these orbitals. (4 points) b) Calculate Zeff experienced by and electron in 4p AO's in a arsenic atom. Use Slater rules that were discussed in lecture. (3 points)

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Answer 2

Question

Chapter 6, Problem 6A.11AE

(i)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The mole fractions of each species at equilibrium have to be calculated.

Concept introduction: The composition of the particular species in the reaction mixture is calculated by the mole fraction. The mole fraction is defined as the ratio of the moles of the species to the ratio of the total moles present in the reaction mixture. The mole fraction is unit less.

(ii)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The value of K has to be calculated.

Concept introduction: The equilibrium constant for a reaction is abbreviated as K. The value of K is defined for a closed system. The value of K decides whether the equilibrium reaction will be spontaneous in forward direction or in the backward direction.

(iii)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The value of ΔrGΘ for the given reaction has to be calculated.

Concept introduction: The Gibbs free energy of the reaction is the key factor of the identification of the direction of spontaneity of the reaction. For the reaction to be spontaneous, the Gibbs free energy of the reaction must be negative.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 6, Problem 6A.11AE

(i)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The mole fractions of each species at equilibrium have to be calculated.

Concept introduction: The composition of the particular species in the reaction mixture is calculated by the mole fraction. The mole fraction is defined as the ratio of the moles of the species to the ratio of the total moles present in the reaction mixture. The mole fraction is unit less.

(ii)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The value of K has to be calculated.

Concept introduction: The equilibrium constant for a reaction is abbreviated as K. The value of K is defined for a closed system. The value of K decides whether the equilibrium reaction will be spontaneous in forward direction or in the backward direction.

(iii)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The value of ΔrGΘ for the given reaction has to be calculated.

Concept introduction: The Gibbs free energy of the reaction is the key factor of the identification of the direction of spontaneity of the reaction. For the reaction to be spontaneous, the Gibbs free energy of the reaction must be negative.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 6, Problem 6A.11AE

(i)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The mole fractions of each species at equilibrium have to be calculated.

Concept introduction: The composition of the particular species in the reaction mixture is calculated by the mole fraction. The mole fraction is defined as the ratio of the moles of the species to the ratio of the total moles present in the reaction mixture. The mole fraction is unit less.

(ii)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The value of K has to be calculated.

Concept introduction: The equilibrium constant for a reaction is abbreviated as K. The value of K is defined for a closed system. The value of K decides whether the equilibrium reaction will be spontaneous in forward direction or in the backward direction.

(iii)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The value of ΔrGΘ for the given reaction has to be calculated.

Concept introduction: The Gibbs free energy of the reaction is the key factor of the identification of the direction of spontaneity of the reaction. For the reaction to be spontaneous, the Gibbs free energy of the reaction must be negative.

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Answer 5

Chapter 6, Problem 6A.11AE

(i)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The mole fractions of each species at equilibrium have to be calculated.

Concept introduction: The composition of the particular species in the reaction mixture is calculated by the mole fraction. The mole fraction is defined as the ratio of the moles of the species to the ratio of the total moles present in the reaction mixture. The mole fraction is unit less.

(ii)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The value of K has to be calculated.

Concept introduction: The equilibrium constant for a reaction is abbreviated as K. The value of K is defined for a closed system. The value of K decides whether the equilibrium reaction will be spontaneous in forward direction or in the backward direction.

(iii)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The value of ΔrGΘ for the given reaction has to be calculated.

Concept introduction: The Gibbs free energy of the reaction is the key factor of the identification of the direction of spontaneity of the reaction. For the reaction to be spontaneous, the Gibbs free energy of the reaction must be negative.

Answer 6

Chapter 6, Problem 6A.11AE

(i)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The mole fractions of each species at equilibrium have to be calculated.

Concept introduction: The composition of the particular species in the reaction mixture is calculated by the mole fraction. The mole fraction is defined as the ratio of the moles of the species to the ratio of the total moles present in the reaction mixture. The mole fraction is unit less.

Answer 7

Chapter 6, Problem 6A.11AE

(i)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The mole fractions of each species at equilibrium have to be calculated.

Concept introduction: The composition of the particular species in the reaction mixture is calculated by the mole fraction. The mole fraction is defined as the ratio of the moles of the species to the ratio of the total moles present in the reaction mixture. The mole fraction is unit less.

Answer 8

(ii)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The value of K has to be calculated.

Concept introduction: The equilibrium constant for a reaction is abbreviated as K. The value of K is defined for a closed system. The value of K decides whether the equilibrium reaction will be spontaneous in forward direction or in the backward direction.

Answer 9

(ii)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The value of K has to be calculated.

Concept introduction: The equilibrium constant for a reaction is abbreviated as K. The value of K is defined for a closed system. The value of K decides whether the equilibrium reaction will be spontaneous in forward direction or in the backward direction.

Answer 10

(iii)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The value of ΔrGΘ for the given reaction has to be calculated.

Concept introduction: The Gibbs free energy of the reaction is the key factor of the identification of the direction of spontaneity of the reaction. For the reaction to be spontaneous, the Gibbs free energy of the reaction must be negative.

Answer 11

(iii)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The value of ΔrGΘ for the given reaction has to be calculated.

Concept introduction: The Gibbs free energy of the reaction is the key factor of the identification of the direction of spontaneity of the reaction. For the reaction to be spontaneous, the Gibbs free energy of the reaction must be negative.

Answer 12

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Answer 13

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Answer 14

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Answer 15

Ch. 6 - Prob. 6A.1ST Ch. 6 - Prob. 6A.2ST Ch. 6 - Prob. 6B.1ST Ch. 6 - Prob. 6C.1ST Ch. 6 - Prob. 6D.2ST Ch. 6 - Prob. 6A.1DQ Ch. 6 - Prob. 6A.2DQ Ch. 6 - Prob. 6A.1AE Ch. 6 - Prob. 6A.1BE Ch. 6 - Prob. 6A.2AE

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