A balanced equation for the combustion of stearic acid is to be written. Concept introduction: The standard enthalpy of formation ( Δ H f ° ) is the enthalpy change of the formation of 1 mol of compound from its elements and the reactants and products, in this case, is also present in their standard state. Standard state includes 1 atm pressure for gases, 1 M concentration for substances in the aqueous phase and the most stable form of substance at 1 atm pressure and 298 K temperature. For example, metal like sodium exists in solid state and molecular elements like halogen exist in a gaseous state.

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Answer 1

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Definition Definition Number that is expressed before molecules, ions, and atoms such that it balances out the number of components present on either section of the equation in a chemical reaction. Stoichiometric coefficients can be a fraction or a whole number and are useful in determining the mole ratio among the reactants and products. In any equalized chemical equation, the number of components on either side of the equation will be the same.

Chapter 6, Problem 6.87P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

A balanced equation for the combustion of stearic acid is to be written.

Concept introduction:

The standard enthalpy of formation (ΔHf°) is the enthalpy change of the formation of 1 mol of compound from its elements and the reactants and products, in this case, is also present in their standard state.

Standard state includes 1 atm pressure for gases, 1 M concentration for substances in the aqueous phase and the most stable form of substance at 1 atm pressure and 298 K temperature. For example, metal like sodium exists in solid state and molecular elements like halogen exist in a gaseous state.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

ΔHrxn° for the combustion of stearic acid is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The standard enthalpy of reaction is calculated by the summation of standard enthalpy of formation of the product minus the summation of standard enthalpy of formation of product at the standard conditions. The formula to calculate the standard enthalpy of reaction (ΔHrxn°) is as follows:

ΔHrxn°=∑mΔHf (products)°−∑mΔHf (reactants)°

Here, m and n are the stoichiometric coefficients of reactants and product in the balanced chemical equation.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The heat that is released in kJ and kcal when 1.00 g of stearic acid is burned completely is to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

Heat (q) is the energy transferred as a consequence of the difference of the temperature between the system and surrounding.

The heat released by the system is negative and the heat taken by the system is positive.

The amount of heat released by the system is equal to the amount of amount absorbed by the surrounding.

The expression to convert kcal into kJ is:

1 kcal=4.184 kJ

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether the data that a candy containing 11.0 g fat and provides 100 Cal energy is consistent with the answer calculated in part (c) is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Heat (q) is the energy transferred as a consequence of the difference of the temperature between the system and surrounding.

The heat released by the system is negative and the heat taken by the system is positive.

The amount of heat released by the system is equal to the amount of amount absorbed by the surrounding.

The conversion factor to convert nutritional calorie (Calorie) into kcal is:

1 Calorie=1 kcal

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Potential Energy (kJ) 1. Consider these three reactions as the elementary steps in the mechanism for a chemical reaction. AH = -950 kJ AH = 575 kJ (i) Cl₂ (g) + Pt (s) 2C1 (g) + Pt (s) Ea = 1550 kJ (ii) Cl (g)+ CO (g) + Pt (s) → CICO (g) + Pt (s) (iii) Cl (g) + CICO (g) → Cl₂CO (g) Ea = 2240 kJ Ea = 2350 kJ AH = -825 kJ 2600 2400 2200 2000 1800 1600 1400 1200 1000 a. Draw the potential energy diagram for the reaction. Label the data points for clarity. The potential energy of the reactants is 600 kJ 800 600 400 200 0 -200- -400 -600- -800- Reaction Progress

Can u help me figure out the reaction mechanisms for these, idk where to even start

Hi, I need your help with the drawing, please. I have attached the question along with my lab instructions. Please use the reaction from the lab only, as we are not allowed to use outside sources. Thank you!

Answer 2

Question

Definition Definition Number that is expressed before molecules, ions, and atoms such that it balances out the number of components present on either section of the equation in a chemical reaction. Stoichiometric coefficients can be a fraction or a whole number and are useful in determining the mole ratio among the reactants and products. In any equalized chemical equation, the number of components on either side of the equation will be the same.

Chapter 6, Problem 6.87P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

A balanced equation for the combustion of stearic acid is to be written.

Concept introduction:

The standard enthalpy of formation (ΔHf°) is the enthalpy change of the formation of 1 mol of compound from its elements and the reactants and products, in this case, is also present in their standard state.

Standard state includes 1 atm pressure for gases, 1 M concentration for substances in the aqueous phase and the most stable form of substance at 1 atm pressure and 298 K temperature. For example, metal like sodium exists in solid state and molecular elements like halogen exist in a gaseous state.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

ΔHrxn° for the combustion of stearic acid is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The standard enthalpy of reaction is calculated by the summation of standard enthalpy of formation of the product minus the summation of standard enthalpy of formation of product at the standard conditions. The formula to calculate the standard enthalpy of reaction (ΔHrxn°) is as follows:

ΔHrxn°=∑mΔHf (products)°−∑mΔHf (reactants)°

Here, m and n are the stoichiometric coefficients of reactants and product in the balanced chemical equation.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The heat that is released in kJ and kcal when 1.00 g of stearic acid is burned completely is to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

Heat (q) is the energy transferred as a consequence of the difference of the temperature between the system and surrounding.

The heat released by the system is negative and the heat taken by the system is positive.

The amount of heat released by the system is equal to the amount of amount absorbed by the surrounding.

The expression to convert kcal into kJ is:

1 kcal=4.184 kJ

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether the data that a candy containing 11.0 g fat and provides 100 Cal energy is consistent with the answer calculated in part (c) is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Heat (q) is the energy transferred as a consequence of the difference of the temperature between the system and surrounding.

The heat released by the system is negative and the heat taken by the system is positive.

The amount of heat released by the system is equal to the amount of amount absorbed by the surrounding.

The conversion factor to convert nutritional calorie (Calorie) into kcal is:

1 Calorie=1 kcal

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Answer 3

Question

Definition Definition Number that is expressed before molecules, ions, and atoms such that it balances out the number of components present on either section of the equation in a chemical reaction. Stoichiometric coefficients can be a fraction or a whole number and are useful in determining the mole ratio among the reactants and products. In any equalized chemical equation, the number of components on either side of the equation will be the same.

Chapter 6, Problem 6.87P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

A balanced equation for the combustion of stearic acid is to be written.

Concept introduction:

The standard enthalpy of formation (ΔHf°) is the enthalpy change of the formation of 1 mol of compound from its elements and the reactants and products, in this case, is also present in their standard state.

Standard state includes 1 atm pressure for gases, 1 M concentration for substances in the aqueous phase and the most stable form of substance at 1 atm pressure and 298 K temperature. For example, metal like sodium exists in solid state and molecular elements like halogen exist in a gaseous state.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

ΔHrxn° for the combustion of stearic acid is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The standard enthalpy of reaction is calculated by the summation of standard enthalpy of formation of the product minus the summation of standard enthalpy of formation of product at the standard conditions. The formula to calculate the standard enthalpy of reaction (ΔHrxn°) is as follows:

ΔHrxn°=∑mΔHf (products)°−∑mΔHf (reactants)°

Here, m and n are the stoichiometric coefficients of reactants and product in the balanced chemical equation.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The heat that is released in kJ and kcal when 1.00 g of stearic acid is burned completely is to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

Heat (q) is the energy transferred as a consequence of the difference of the temperature between the system and surrounding.

The heat released by the system is negative and the heat taken by the system is positive.

The amount of heat released by the system is equal to the amount of amount absorbed by the surrounding.

The expression to convert kcal into kJ is:

1 kcal=4.184 kJ

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether the data that a candy containing 11.0 g fat and provides 100 Cal energy is consistent with the answer calculated in part (c) is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Heat (q) is the energy transferred as a consequence of the difference of the temperature between the system and surrounding.

The heat released by the system is negative and the heat taken by the system is positive.

The amount of heat released by the system is equal to the amount of amount absorbed by the surrounding.

The conversion factor to convert nutritional calorie (Calorie) into kcal is:

1 Calorie=1 kcal

Expert Solution & Answer

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Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Answer 4

Question

Definition Definition Number that is expressed before molecules, ions, and atoms such that it balances out the number of components present on either section of the equation in a chemical reaction. Stoichiometric coefficients can be a fraction or a whole number and are useful in determining the mole ratio among the reactants and products. In any equalized chemical equation, the number of components on either side of the equation will be the same.

Chapter 6, Problem 6.87P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

A balanced equation for the combustion of stearic acid is to be written.

Concept introduction:

The standard enthalpy of formation (ΔHf°) is the enthalpy change of the formation of 1 mol of compound from its elements and the reactants and products, in this case, is also present in their standard state.

Standard state includes 1 atm pressure for gases, 1 M concentration for substances in the aqueous phase and the most stable form of substance at 1 atm pressure and 298 K temperature. For example, metal like sodium exists in solid state and molecular elements like halogen exist in a gaseous state.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

ΔHrxn° for the combustion of stearic acid is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The standard enthalpy of reaction is calculated by the summation of standard enthalpy of formation of the product minus the summation of standard enthalpy of formation of product at the standard conditions. The formula to calculate the standard enthalpy of reaction (ΔHrxn°) is as follows:

ΔHrxn°=∑mΔHf (products)°−∑mΔHf (reactants)°

Here, m and n are the stoichiometric coefficients of reactants and product in the balanced chemical equation.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The heat that is released in kJ and kcal when 1.00 g of stearic acid is burned completely is to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

Heat (q) is the energy transferred as a consequence of the difference of the temperature between the system and surrounding.

The heat released by the system is negative and the heat taken by the system is positive.

The amount of heat released by the system is equal to the amount of amount absorbed by the surrounding.

The expression to convert kcal into kJ is:

1 kcal=4.184 kJ

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether the data that a candy containing 11.0 g fat and provides 100 Cal energy is consistent with the answer calculated in part (c) is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Heat (q) is the energy transferred as a consequence of the difference of the temperature between the system and surrounding.

The heat released by the system is negative and the heat taken by the system is positive.

The amount of heat released by the system is equal to the amount of amount absorbed by the surrounding.

The conversion factor to convert nutritional calorie (Calorie) into kcal is:

1 Calorie=1 kcal

Expert Solution & Answer

Want to see the full answer?

Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Answer 5

Chapter 6, Problem 6.87P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

A balanced equation for the combustion of stearic acid is to be written.

Concept introduction:

The standard enthalpy of formation (ΔHf°) is the enthalpy change of the formation of 1 mol of compound from its elements and the reactants and products, in this case, is also present in their standard state.

Standard state includes 1 atm pressure for gases, 1 M concentration for substances in the aqueous phase and the most stable form of substance at 1 atm pressure and 298 K temperature. For example, metal like sodium exists in solid state and molecular elements like halogen exist in a gaseous state.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

ΔHrxn° for the combustion of stearic acid is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The standard enthalpy of reaction is calculated by the summation of standard enthalpy of formation of the product minus the summation of standard enthalpy of formation of product at the standard conditions. The formula to calculate the standard enthalpy of reaction (ΔHrxn°) is as follows:

ΔHrxn°=∑mΔHf (products)°−∑mΔHf (reactants)°

Here, m and n are the stoichiometric coefficients of reactants and product in the balanced chemical equation.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The heat that is released in kJ and kcal when 1.00 g of stearic acid is burned completely is to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

Heat (q) is the energy transferred as a consequence of the difference of the temperature between the system and surrounding.

The heat released by the system is negative and the heat taken by the system is positive.

The amount of heat released by the system is equal to the amount of amount absorbed by the surrounding.

The expression to convert kcal into kJ is:

1 kcal=4.184 kJ

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether the data that a candy containing 11.0 g fat and provides 100 Cal energy is consistent with the answer calculated in part (c) is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Heat (q) is the energy transferred as a consequence of the difference of the temperature between the system and surrounding.

The heat released by the system is negative and the heat taken by the system is positive.

The amount of heat released by the system is equal to the amount of amount absorbed by the surrounding.

The conversion factor to convert nutritional calorie (Calorie) into kcal is:

1 Calorie=1 kcal

Answer 6

Chapter 6, Problem 6.87P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

A balanced equation for the combustion of stearic acid is to be written.

Concept introduction:

The standard enthalpy of formation (ΔHf°) is the enthalpy change of the formation of 1 mol of compound from its elements and the reactants and products, in this case, is also present in their standard state.

Standard state includes 1 atm pressure for gases, 1 M concentration for substances in the aqueous phase and the most stable form of substance at 1 atm pressure and 298 K temperature. For example, metal like sodium exists in solid state and molecular elements like halogen exist in a gaseous state.

Answer 7

Chapter 6, Problem 6.87P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

A balanced equation for the combustion of stearic acid is to be written.

Concept introduction:

The standard enthalpy of formation (ΔHf°) is the enthalpy change of the formation of 1 mol of compound from its elements and the reactants and products, in this case, is also present in their standard state.

Standard state includes 1 atm pressure for gases, 1 M concentration for substances in the aqueous phase and the most stable form of substance at 1 atm pressure and 298 K temperature. For example, metal like sodium exists in solid state and molecular elements like halogen exist in a gaseous state.

Answer 8

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

ΔHrxn° for the combustion of stearic acid is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The standard enthalpy of reaction is calculated by the summation of standard enthalpy of formation of the product minus the summation of standard enthalpy of formation of product at the standard conditions. The formula to calculate the standard enthalpy of reaction (ΔHrxn°) is as follows:

ΔHrxn°=∑mΔHf (products)°−∑mΔHf (reactants)°

Here, m and n are the stoichiometric coefficients of reactants and product in the balanced chemical equation.

Answer 9

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

ΔHrxn° for the combustion of stearic acid is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The standard enthalpy of reaction is calculated by the summation of standard enthalpy of formation of the product minus the summation of standard enthalpy of formation of product at the standard conditions. The formula to calculate the standard enthalpy of reaction (ΔHrxn°) is as follows:

ΔHrxn°=∑mΔHf (products)°−∑mΔHf (reactants)°

Here, m and n are the stoichiometric coefficients of reactants and product in the balanced chemical equation.

Answer 10

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The heat that is released in kJ and kcal when 1.00 g of stearic acid is burned completely is to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

Heat (q) is the energy transferred as a consequence of the difference of the temperature between the system and surrounding.

The heat released by the system is negative and the heat taken by the system is positive.

The amount of heat released by the system is equal to the amount of amount absorbed by the surrounding.

The expression to convert kcal into kJ is:

1 kcal=4.184 kJ

Answer 11

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The heat that is released in kJ and kcal when 1.00 g of stearic acid is burned completely is to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

Heat (q) is the energy transferred as a consequence of the difference of the temperature between the system and surrounding.

The heat released by the system is negative and the heat taken by the system is positive.

The amount of heat released by the system is equal to the amount of amount absorbed by the surrounding.

The expression to convert kcal into kJ is:

1 kcal=4.184 kJ

Answer 12

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether the data that a candy containing 11.0 g fat and provides 100 Cal energy is consistent with the answer calculated in part (c) is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Heat (q) is the energy transferred as a consequence of the difference of the temperature between the system and surrounding.

The heat released by the system is negative and the heat taken by the system is positive.

The amount of heat released by the system is equal to the amount of amount absorbed by the surrounding.

The conversion factor to convert nutritional calorie (Calorie) into kcal is:

1 Calorie=1 kcal

Answer 13

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Whether the data that a candy containing 11.0 g fat and provides 100 Cal energy is consistent with the answer calculated in part (c) is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Heat (q) is the energy transferred as a consequence of the difference of the temperature between the system and surrounding.

The heat released by the system is negative and the heat taken by the system is positive.

The amount of heat released by the system is equal to the amount of amount absorbed by the surrounding.

The conversion factor to convert nutritional calorie (Calorie) into kcal is:

1 Calorie=1 kcal

Answer 14

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Answer 15

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Answer 16

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Answer 17

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