Chapter 6, Problem 6.70GP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Using the recommended daily dietary intake of calcium the amount of calcium required for adult men and premenopausal women should be identified.

Concept Introduction:

Importance of Calcium in diet:

1. 1. Calcium is required by human body for muscle contraction, hormones release and transmission of messages via nerves.
2. 2. Correct intake of calcium helps one from osteoporosis which occurs as density of the bone decreases and results in structural defect and weakness of bones.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The mass of calcium citrate required to attain the recommended daily intake of calcium should be calculated.

Concept Introduction:

Calcium citrate: It is recommended for calcium deficiency diseases namely rickets, tetany and osteoporosis.  The molecular formula of Calcium citrate is ${\text{Ca}}_{\text{3}}{\left({\text{C}}_{\text{6}}{\text{H}}_{\text{5}}{\text{O}}_{\text{7}}\right)}_{\text{2}}$.

Importance of Calcium in diet:

1. 1. Calcium is required by human body for muscle contraction, hormones release and transmission of messages via nerves.
2. 2. Correct intake of calcium helps one from osteoporosis which occurs as density of the bone decreases and results in structural defect and weakness of bones.

The table that depicts recommended daily intake of calcium is as follows,

Moles: One mole is equivalent to the mass of the substance consists same number of units equal to the atoms present in $\text{12}\text{g}$ of ${}^{\text{12}}\text{C}$.

The mole is actually quantity of particles that is Avogadro’s number of particles present in elements or compounds.

The sum of mass of all atoms present in formula of chemical substance is referred as molecular or formula weight of that substance.

Mass: It is the quantitative measure of a substance. The amount of matter present in substance is expressed as mass. The $S.I.$ unit of mass is $kg$.

Molar mass: It is obtained by dividing the mass of substance with the amount of substance and the S.I. unit of molar mass is $\text{kg/mol}$. It is numerically equal to the molecular weight since molecular weight is sum of all individual atom weight present in molecule which is represented in $amu$.

$\text{Molar}\text{mass}\left(\text{g/mol}\right)=\frac{\text{Given}\text{mass}\text{of}\text{substance}\left(\text{g}\right)}{\text{Moles}\text{of}\text{substance}\left(mol\right)}$