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Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The melting point of gold,
Concept introduction:
The mathematical expressions used to demonstrate the behavior of gases are known as
(b)
Interpretation:
The melting point of tungsten,
Concept introduction:
The mathematical expressions used to demonstrate the behavior of gases are known as gas laws. These expressions are used under the several changes like temperature, pressure etc. The use of these expressions helps to understand the behavior of gases changing under a particular condition.
(c)
Interpretation:
The melting point of tin,
Concept introduction:
The mathematical expressions used to demonstrate the behavior of gases are known as gas laws. These expressions are used under the several changes like temperature, pressure etc. The use of these expressions helps to understand the behavior of gases changing under a particular condition.
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Chapter 6 Solutions
Chemistry for Today: General, Organic, and Biochemistry
- During a recent winter month in Sheboygan, Wisconsin, it was necessary to obtain 3500 kWh of heat provided by a natural gas furnace with 89% efficiency to keep a small house warm (the efficiency of a gas furnace is the percent of the heat produced by combustion that is transferred into the house). (a) Assume that natural gas is pure methane and determine the volume of natural gas in cubic feet that was required to heat the house. The average temperature of the natural gas was 56 F; at this temperature and a pressure of 1 atm, natural gas has a density of 0.68 1 g/L. (b) How many gallons of LPG (liquefied petroleum gas) would be required to replace the natural gas used? Assume the LPG is liquid propane [ C3H8 : density, 0.5318 g/mL; enthalpy of combustion, 2219 Id/mo for the formation of CO2(g) and H2O(l) ] and the furnace used to burn the LPG has the same efficiency as the gas furnace. (c) What mass of carbon dioxide is produced by combustion of the methane used to heat the house? (d) What mass of water is produced by combustion of the methane used to heat the house? (e) What volume of air is required to provide the oxygen for the combustion of the methane used to heat the house? Air contains 23% oxygen by mass. The average density of air during the month was 1.22 g/L. (f) How many kilowatt—hours ( 1kWh=3.6106 J) of electricity would be required to provide the heat necessary to heat the house? Note electricity is 100% efficient in producing heat inside a house. (g) Although electricity is 100% efficient in producing heat inside a house, production and distribution of electricity is not 100% efficient. The efficiency of production and distribution of electricity produced in a coal-fired power plant is about 40%. A certain type of coal provides 2.26 kWh per pound upon combustion. What mass of this coal in kilograms will be required to produce the electrical energy necessary to heat the house if the efficiency of generation and distribution is 40%?arrow_forwardA book is held 6 feet above the floor and then dropped. Which statement is true? a.The potential energy of the book is converted to kinetic energy. b.The potential energy of the book is destroyed. c.Kinetic energy is created. d.The total energy of the system will not be conserved.arrow_forwardHow many joules of heat are lost by 3580 kg of granite asit cools from 41.2°C to -12.9°C? The specific heat ofgranite is 0.803J/(gC) .arrow_forward
- Ethylene glycol is the main component in automobile anti-freeze. To monitor the temperature of an auto cooling system, you intend to use a meter that reads from 0 to 100. You devise a new temperature scale based on the approximate melting and boiling points of a typical antifreeze solution (45C and 115C). You wish these points to correspond to 0A and 100A, respectively. a. Derive an expression for converting between A and C. b. Derive an expression for converting between F and A. c. At what temperature would your thermometer and a Celsius thermometer give the same numerical reading? d. Your thermometer reads 86A. What is the temperature in C and in F? e. What is a temperature of 45C in A?arrow_forwardA 500 g piece of iron changes the temperature by 14°C when heat is added. How much energy is expected to be produced? Iron = 0.45 J/g°C A. 3150 J B. 224 J C. 1575 J D. 983 Jarrow_forwardThe specific heat of aluminum is 0.214 cal/g.°C. Determine the energy, in calories, necessary to raise the temperature of a 55.5 g piece of aluminum from 23.0 to 48.6°C. A. 109 cal B. 273 cal C. 577 cal D. 347 cal E. 304 cal Energy is the ability to do work and can be: A. converted to one form to another B. can be created and destroyed C. used within a system without consequences D. none of the abovearrow_forward
- In reference to the heat curve found below, which of the following statements is false? a. The object's gaining energy for the entire portion of the curve b. The object undergoes one state change in the process c. The object’s final temperature was higher than its initial temperature d. The object started in a solid-state e. The object finished in a gas statearrow_forwardH, .C. H, heat H.Carrow_forwardA nugget made of pure gold with a mass of 4500 mg absorbed 0.276 kJ of heat. The specific heat capacity of gold is 0.129 J/g. C. The process started with gold at 298 Kelvin. With the information provided A. Convert the mass into grams B. Convert the heat into Joules C. Convert the Temperature in Celsius Determine the final temperature of the nugget in Celsius, Fahrenheit and Kelvinarrow_forward
- 1. Explain why the lines from D to E and B to C are flat. B A Heat (J) Temperature (°C)arrow_forwardHow many grams of water at 30 degrees celcius must be mixed with 50 grams of water with temperature of 80 degrees celcius to have a final temperature of 50 celcius degree? a. 40 b. 50 c. 60 d. 70 e. 75 f. 80 g. 85arrow_forwardWhich is a correct statement about heat and temperature? A. O Heat and temperature are both forms of energy. B. O 100g of water at 20 °C contains the same amount of energy as 200 g of water at 20 °C. C. O Heat and temperature are both a measure of the kinetic energy of the particles. D. O When 1.0 kg of water cools from 27 °C to 26 °C it gives out 4.2 kJ of heat. Which statements are correct about temperature? I. A rise in temperature of 1.0 °C is the same as a rise in temperațure of 1.0 K. II. Both the degrees Celsius scale and the Kelvin scale are based on the temperature at which pure water melts and boils. III. Pure water boils at 100 °C and 373 K at 100 kPa (1 atmosphere) pressure. A. O Il and III В. I and II only С. О I, Il and III D. O I and II onlyarrow_forward
- General Chemistry - Standalone book (MindTap Cour...ChemistryISBN:9781305580343Author:Steven D. Gammon, Ebbing, Darrell Ebbing, Steven D., Darrell; Gammon, Darrell Ebbing; Steven D. Gammon, Darrell D.; Gammon, Ebbing; Steven D. Gammon; DarrellPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry for Today: General, Organic, and Bioche...ChemistryISBN:9781305960060Author:Spencer L. Seager, Michael R. Slabaugh, Maren S. HansenPublisher:Cengage Learning
- World of Chemistry, 3rd editionChemistryISBN:9781133109655Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan L. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCostePublisher:Brooks / Cole / Cengage LearningChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305957404Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCostePublisher:Cengage Learning
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