Normalization: The process used to minimize data redundancy and dependency in a relational database is known as normalization. The database table is divided into two or more tables and defines the relationship between those tables. If the modifications, deletion or updates occur in one table, the other tables in database get updated by just propagating it. In a relational database, the tables with no redundant data and less null values are considered as efficient table. This is because, having redundant data and more null values increases the storage space and wastage of memory is imminent. Null values cause a problem for data integrity and produces more error in the database. If the wasted storage space and null values which cause data integrity hazards are minimized, a highly optimized relational database can be designed. The project team should consider using normalization when designing the database, which is the best source to optimize data storage efficiently; this is because, it reduces the data storage space and provides data integrity. There are three types of normal forms. First normal form (1NF) Second normal form (2NF) Third normal form (3NF)

Question

We are considering the RSA encryption scheme. The involved numbers are small, so the communication is insecure. Alice's public key (n,public_key) is (247,7). A code breaker manages to factories 247 = 13 x 19 Determine Alice's secret key. To solve the problem, you need not use the extended Euclid algorithm, but you may assume that her private key is one of the following numbers 31,35,55,59,77,89.

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Chapter 6, Problem 5RQ

Program Plan Intro

Normalization:

The process used to minimize data redundancy and dependency in a relational database is known as normalization.

The database table is divided into two or more tables and defines the relationship between those tables.

If the modifications, deletion or updates occur in one table, the other tables in database get updated by just propagating it.

In a relational database, the tables with no redundant data and less null values are considered as efficient table.

This is because, having redundant data and more null values increases the storage space and wastage of memory is imminent.

Null values cause a problem for data integrity and produces more error in the database.

If the wasted storage space and null values which cause data integrity hazards are minimized, a highly optimized relational database can be designed.

The project team should consider using normalization when designing the database, which is the best source to optimize data storage efficiently; this is because, it reduces the data storage space and provides data integrity.

There are three types of normal forms.

First normal form (1NF)

Second normal form (2NF)

Third normal form (3NF)

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